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ਅਖ਼ਬਾਰ ਪੜ੍ਹਨ ਲਈ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਫਾਂਟ ਇੱਥੋਂ ਡਾਊਂਨਲੋਡ ਕਰੋ
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Bfrq dI anfj nIqI aqy grIbI ryKf -krm brst sRImqI sonIaf gFDI dI agvfeI hyTlI rfsLtrI slfhkfr pRIsLd (nYk) kfPLI lMby smyN qoN Bfrq vfsIaF leI nvIN anfj nIqI GVx leI KOJl rhI hY. lyikn ies pRIsLd dIaF anykF mIitMgF dy bfvjUd vI gwl iksy isry nhIN lwg rhI. Bojn dy aiDkfr dI lVfeI lV rhIaF anykF jQybMdIaF ies msly nUM suprIm kort ivc ilaf cuwkIaF hn. ieh gwl sfbq ho cuwkI hY, ik hr sfl kroVF tn anfj Kuwly asmfn hyTF glsV jFdf hY. suprIm kort vwloN glsV rhy anfj df gMBIr noits ley jfx mgroN kyNdr srkfr nUM hlPLnfmf dfKLl krnf ipaf ik sfzy dysL ivc isrPL 7000 borIaF anfj hI brbfd hoieaf hY. dUjf ieh ikhf ik isrPL 1[77 kroV pirvfr grIbI ryKf qoN hyTF rih rhy hn. iesdf arQ hY ik pMj mYNbrI pirvfr dy ihsfb nfl isrPL 8[85 kroV lok Bfv mOjUdf abfdI df krIb 8 PIsdI lok hI grIb hn. qIjy pfsy ieh vI ikhf igaf ik idwlI vrgy sLihr ivc 17 rupey aqy pyNzU Kyqr ivc 11 rupey pRqI idn `qy gujLfrf krn vfly lok grIbI ryKf qoN Aupr df jIvn bsr kr rhy hn. srkfr ieh Buwl hI geI ik AusdIaF afpxIaF alwg alwg kmytIaF hI 43 qoN 77 PIsdI lokF nUM grIbI dI ryKf qoN hyTF qslIm kr cuwkIaF hn. ies qwQ dI cIrPfV krn dI aqy iek hor qwQ vwl iDafn dyx dI loV hY. anfj nIqI bfry kOmFqrI Koj sMsQf vwloN 122 dysLF dy kIqy srvyKx ivc BuwKmrI dy sUck aMkF muqfbk Bfrq 64vyN sQfn qoN iqlk ky 67vyN sQfn `qy phuMc igaf hY. mnuwKI ivkfs dy sUck aMkF anusfr sfzf dysL 128 qoN 134vyN sQfn qwk iqlk igaf hY. ivkfs dy aihm sUckF ivc asIN cIn, pfiksqfn, sRIlMkf, BUtfn aqy bMglfdysL nfloN vI hyTF izwgy pey hF. Bfrq dy awT sUibaF dI hflq sb shfrn aPLrIkf dy sBqoN grIb 36 dysLF nfloN vI mfVI hY. jdoN kyNdr df KLurfk mihkmf suprIm kort ivc gLlq aMkVy pysL kr irhf sI, qF AunHF idnF ivc hI pRYs ivc hirafxf dy iekwly isrsf ijLly aMdr hI ‘bxI’ siQq gudfm ivc 170000 borIaF kxk gl jfx dI Kbr af geI. ieh gwl vI nsLr ho cuwkI hY ik ies kxk nUM KwulI bolI rfhIN isrPL 94 pYsy pRqI iklo dy ihsfb nfl vycx df tYNzr pfs ho igaf hY. jykr iehI kxk vyly isr kyNdrI srkfr vwloN qjvIjLy jf rhy 35 iklo pRqI mhInf pRqI twbr dy ihsfb nfl vI ssqIaF qrF `qy vyc idwqI jFdI qF ies nfl grIbI dI ryKf qoN hyTF rihMdy 20238 pirvfrF nUM sfl Br df awDf anfj hfsl ho jfxf sI. ies hkIkq nfl pMjfb aqy bfkI sUibaF ivc huMdI anfj dI brbfdI df sihjy hI aMdfjLf lgfieaf jf skdf hY. jdoN suprIm kort ny 12 agsq 2010 nUM aqy dubfrf 30 agsq nUM spsLt kIqf ik gudfmF ivc sV rhy anfj nUM grIbF ivc muPLq vMz idwqf jfvy qF, sfzy dysL dy pRDfn mMqrI nUM vI ieh hukm srkfr dy nIqIgq PYsilaF ivc dKLlaMdfjLI krnf lwigaf. AunHF dI dlIl sI, ik grIbI dI ryKf qoN hyTF rih rhI 43 PIsdI abfdI nUM muPLq anfj dyxf sMBv nhIN hY. pRMqU Auh ieh gwl Buwl gey ik AunHF dI srkfr ny cflU sfl dy iekwly bjt aMdr hI vwzIaF kMpnIaF nUM 500000 kroV rupey dy tYksF dI rfhq idwqI hY. AunHF dI vjLfrq ivc hI dUrsMcfr mihkmy df 177000 kroV rupey df Gplf sfhmxy afieaf hY. ienHF rkmF dy mukfbly ivc grIbF nUM idwqI jfx vflI 84399 kroV rupey dI anfjI irafieq afty ivc lUx dy smfn vI nhIN hY. pRDfn mMqrI ny qF 26 nvMbr nUM nYk dIaF isPLfrsF dI njLrsfnI krn leI afpxI afrQk slfhkfr kONsl dy muKI sI[ rMgfrfjn dI agvfeI hyT iek mfihrF dI kmytI bxf idwqI hY. spsLt hY ik kNydr srkfr ies msly nUM kmytIaF dy gDIgyV ivc pfAuxf cfhuMdI hY, ikAuNik pihlF hI sMsd dI ‘Auc qfkqI kmytI’ alwg qOr `qy ies ibl dI GoK ivc lwgI hoeI hY. irportF muqfbk ies gwl nUM lYky nYk dy keI mYNbrF ivc ros pYdf hoieaf hY. sMBv hY, ik nYk dI purfxI kmytI dy nfl hI ‘‘kOmI anfj surwiKaf ibl’’ df hI Bog pY jfvy. asl ivc sfzy dysL ivc qF ajy grIbI ryKf dI koeI pRIBfsLf vI hoNd ivc nhIN af skI. ivsLv bYNk dy imafrF anusfr rojLfnf do zflr arQfq Bfrq dy sMDrB ivc krIb 90 rupey pRqI idn qoN Gwt afmdnI vfly lokF nUM grIbI dI ryKf qoN hyTF mMinaf jFdf hY. Bfrq ivc 1973-74 aMdr Auh lok grIb mMny gey ijnHF nUM sfry soimaF qoN pRqI idn 2400 kYlrI qoN Gwt vflI KLurfk hfsl huMdI sI. ies KLurfk dI kImq AudoN 49 rupey Bfv 6 amrIkI zflrF dy brfbr bxdI sI aqy Aus vyly dy imafrF muqfbk 56[4 PIsdI lok grIbI ryKf qoN hyTF rih rhy sn. Pyr 2005 aMdr ies pRIBfsLf ivcoN pOsLitkqf dy PYktr nUM iqafg idwqf igaf aqy pRqI idn 12 rupey kmfAux vfly ivakqI nUM grIbI dI ryKf qoN bfhr kwZ idwqf igaf. idlcspI vflI gwl ieh hY, ik ienHF rupeIaF dI kImq isrPL 26 amrIkI pYNs bxdI sI. vfDy dI gwl ieh hoeI ik ienHF imafrF ivc bflx, kwpVf, ishq, iswiKaf aqy sPLr dIaF shUlqF vI sLfml kr idwqIaF geIaF. bfad ivc kYlrIaF ivc vI ktOqI krky ienHF nUM pRqI idn pRqI jIa 1800 kr idwqf igaf. ies pYmfny nUM jykr 1973-74 dy sUck aMk nfl mylky dyiKaf jfvy qF vI Bfrq ivc 70 PIsdI lok grIbI dI ryKf qoN hyTF rihMdy hn. dUjy pfsy arjun syn gupqf kmytI muqfbk gYr jQybMd Kyqr dy 84 kroV lok pqI idn 20 rupey aqy ienHF ivcoN vI 49 kroV lok 12 rupey aqy bfkI dy 24 kroV lok 9 rupey pRqI idn `qy gujLfrf krdy hn. kul imlfky ienHF 77 PIsdI grIbF dI igxqI ajokIaF kImqF `qy 1973-74 dy pwDr qoN vI ijLafdf hY. anfj leI muihMm clfAux vfly kfrjkrqfvF dy dbfa aDIn nYk ny srkfr sfhmxy do qjLvIjLF rwKIaF sn. pihlI, dysL dy sBqoN grIb 150 ijLilaF dI insLfndyhI krky pyNzU Kyqr dI 80 PIsdI aqy sLihrI Kyqr dI 33 PIsdI abfdI nUM iqMn rupey pRqI iklo dI dr `qy 35 iklo kxk/cfvl pRqI mhInf muhweIaf krvfey jfx. dUjI, bfkI dy 490 ijLilaF ivc vsdy pyNzU Kyqr dy 42 PIsdI aqy sLihrI Kyqr dy 33 PIsdI grIbF nUM iehI irafieq idwqI jfvy. pyNzU Kyqr ivcly grIbI ryKf qoN Auprly pirvfrF nUM pMj qoN sfZy swq rupeyyyyy pRqI iklo dy ihsfb nfl 25 iklo anfj dI grMtI kIqI jfvy. KfD vjLfrq ny ieh dovyN qjLvIjLF hI Tukrf idwqIaF. AusdI dlIl sI ik pihlI qjLvIjL muqfbk 704 lwK tn aqy dUjI ivc 700 lwK tn anfj dI loV pvygI aqy ienHF Aupr kRmvfr 90264 kroV aqy 79181 kroV rupey df ivqI boJ pvygf. kyNdr srkfr pihlF hI 55578 kroV rupey dI slfnf anfj sbiszI dy rhI hY. nYk ny hux ivc ivcfly df rfh kwZky kyNdr srkfr nUM do slfhF idwqIaF hn. pihlI, bI[ pI[ aYl[ aqy ey[ pI[ aYl[ dI msnUeI vMz KLqm krky jnqf nUM ‘‘qrjLIhI’’ aqy ‘‘afm’’ abfdI ivc vMz ilaf jfvy. pihlI vMngI nUM 3 rupey pRqI iklo cfvl, 2 rupey pRqI iklo kxk aqy 1 rupey pRqI iklo jvfr/bfjry dy ihsfb nfl 35 iklo pRqI mhInf pRqI twbr aqy dUjI vMngI nUM srkfrI shfiek kImq `qy KrIdI ijxs nfloN awDy muwl `qy 20 iklo pRqI mhInf pRqI twbr anfj dy idwqf jfvy. ies smuwcy pRfjYkt leI 58 kroV kuieMtl anfj dI loV pvygI. anykF qruwtIaF vflI ies qjLvIjL nUM svIkfr krn ivc srkfr aMdroN sihmq nhIN hY, lyikn iesnUM ieh kOVf Guwt Brnf pY skdf hY, ikAuNik nYk dI cyarmYn sonIaf gFDI hY. sfzy dysL ivc anfj dI asl siQqI kfPLI nfjLk hY. ipCly 10 sflF dOrfn anfj dI slfnf aOsq pYdfvfr 225-230 aqy srkfrI ajMsIaF vwloN kIqI jFdI KrId 50 kroV kuieMtl ivckfr ltk rhI hY. sfzy dysL ivc anfj df Auqpfdn vwDx dI bjfey Gt irhf hY. 1990-2000 ivckfr pRqI ivakqI anfj dI aOsq pYdfvfr 179 iklogRfm qoN Gtky 165 iklogRfm pRqI ivakqI aqy hfslqf 175 iklogRfm qoN Gtky 155[7 iklogRfm pRqI ivakqI rih geI hY. anfj dI hfslqf dy 1990-91 dy pYmfny anusfr vI pMj jIaF dy twbr leI 8[65 kuieMtl anfj cfhIdf hY, lyikn srkfr 75 PIsdI grIbF nUM kyvl 4[20 kuieMtl nfl hI sfrnf cfhuMdI hY. ies qrF ‘‘qrjLIhI’’ pirvfr nUM afpxy gujLfry leI jF qF awDf BuwKf rihxf pvygf jF KuwlI mMzI ivcoN anfj KrIdxf pvygf. iehdy ivcoN lokF leI pihlI qrjLIh vwD ‘‘muafPLk’’ rhygI, ikAuNik srkfr df ‘mnrygf’ pRogrfm qF iek pirvfr nUM isrPL 100 idn df kMm dyx dI jLfmnI idMdf hY. ieh sBnF leI anfj aqy rujLgfr dy dovyN qrF dy sMivDfnk hwkF nfl mjLfk hY. mOjUdf 110 kroV dI abfdI leI pihlF hI 160 kroV kuieMtl anfj dI kmI cwl rhI hY. jdoN AupjfAU jLmIn lgfqfr ivsLysL afrQk jLonF aqy sLihrIkrn dy nfm hyTF BoieM mfPLIey dI Byt cVH rhI hovy aqy srkfr vwloN KyqI ivc srkfrI invysL ndfrd ho jfvy qF anfjI pYdfvfr ivc igrfvt afAuxI aqy lokF dI vwzI bhuigxqI df BuwiKaF rihxf atwl hY. sfzy dysL ivc iehI kuwJ vfpr irhf hY. isrPL lMby smyN dIaF lok pwKI nIqIaF-BUmI suDfr knUMnF nUM lfgU krnf, jLmIn dI Auqpfdkqf vDfAux leI srkfrI pUMjI invysL ivc vfDf krnf aqy KyqI aqy anfjI vMz pRxflI dy mMzI imwqr mfzl nUM rwd krnf- nUM apxfky hI smwisaf nfl nijwiTaf jf skdf hY.
qfimlF dI hfr ivcoN kOmI lihrF leI sbk -krm brst
sRIlMkf ivc ipCly krIb pwcI sflF qoN, qfiml kOmIaq vloN ivwZy hoey KUnI sMGrÈ df iek vfr qF aMq ho igaf hY. iksy vyly ieh sMGrÈ aijhy nfËuk dOr ivc phuMc igaf sI, ik sRIlMkf dI srkfr byvws hoeI idKfeI idMdI sI. byvsI dy ies aflm ivc Auh Bfrq koloN POjI shfieqf dI mMg kr cuwkI sI aqy Bfrq ny ivMgy tyZy ZMgF nfl ieh mdd kIqI vI. iek smyN Bfrq srkfr dI hflq ‘swp dy mUMh ivc kohV ikrlI` vflI bx cuwkI sI. amn sYnf dI asPqf qoN bfad, dfavy nfl ikhf jfx lwg ipaf sI, ik ieh sRIlMkf ƒ iksy qrHF dI iswDI POjI mdd nhIN dy skygI. vwD qoN vwD ieh qknIkI slfh, jfxkfrI jF ivwqI mdd hI kr skdI hY. iblkul ievyN hI vfpiraf. iekwly Bfrq ny hI nhIN, sgoN amrIkf aqy iejrfiel dy jMgI mfhrF ny sFJy qOr qy sRIlMkfeI sYnf ƒ hr qrF dI jMgI isKlfeI hI nhIN sgoN hr qrF df sUKm sfËosmfn vI muhweIaf krvfieaf.
koeI Èwk nhIN ik iek vfrI qF ilbryÈn tfiegrË afP qfiml eIlm (ilty) dI agvfeI hyTF cwl rhI vwKvfdI lihr, hiQafrbMd Gol dI AucyrI hflq ivc phuMc cuwkI sI. arQfq ieh Cfpfmfr lVfeI `coN inklky, afmo sfhmxy vflI pYr gwzvIN POjI jMg ivc AulJ cuwkI sI. aijhI lVfeI ivc ilty vrgI POjI qOr qy kmËor iDr df iQVk ky hfr jfxf lgBg inÈcq huMdf hY. dUjf cMBlOt dI mfniskqf hfvI hox nfl afqm ivÈlyÈx krn dI aqy jQybMdI aMdr smUihk PYsly krn dI rUh mr jFdI hY, arQfq ivakqIgq pUjf BfrU pY jfx nfl ‘sMgq` df gÜ Guwt idwqf jFdf hY. qIjf, lV rhIaF ÈkqIaF ivckfr smJOqy dIaF sMBfvnfvF bhuq mwDm pY jFdIaF hn. vYsy vI jdoN smJOqy dI hflq sI, AudoN sRIlMkf dIaF cFBlIaF hoeIaF sfvnvfdI hfkm jmfqF ny, TIk idÈf vwl kdm nhIN puwwitaf. ieh kdm sRIlMkf ƒ swcI muwcI df PYzrl rfj bxf ky aqy qfimlF ƒ hkIkI KudmuKqfrI dy ky cuwikaf jf skdf sI.
Bfrq vFg sRIlMkf vI bsqIvfdI luwt aqy gulfmI df iÈkfr irhf hY. solvIN sdI ivc purqgflIaF ny ies ƒ afpxI bsqI bxf ilaf sI, Pyr zwcF ny kbËf kr ilaf aqy aMq 1815 eIsvI ivc brqfnIaf ny, sRIlMkf ƒ zwcF koloN Koh ilaf. dUjI sMsfr jMg ivc kmËor hoey brqfnIaF ƒ afpxIaF bsqIaF KflI krn leI mjbUr hoxf ipaf. lyikn Auh Bfrq vFg hI afpxy prKy hoey dlflF ƒ swqf soNpky prdy Auhly ho igaf. ies qrHF cfr PrvrI 1948 ƒ sRIlMkf iek ‘aËfd` dyÈ bx igaf aqy Ausy sfl dI bfeI meI ƒ ies ƒ iek ‘‘ gxrfjI`` dyÈ aYlfn idwqf igaf.
sRI lMkf ivc muwK krky isMhlf aqy qfiml do kOmIaqF hn ijnHF dI vsoN dI sMiKaf kRmvfr do kroV aqy pYNqI lwK dy krIb bxdI hY. spÈt hY ik isMMhlf kOmIaq, bhuq BfrU igxqI ivc hox krky , smfj dIaF afrQk smfjk rfjnIqk aqy siBafcfrk sfrIaF cUlF Aupr kfbË hY. BfvyN ik sfry hI qIjI dunIaF dy dyÈ, jo ik arD bsqIvfdI Xuwg df boJ Zoh rhy hn, ivc ieh koeI axhoxI Gtnf vI nhIN, Pyr vI sRIlMkf vrgy do kOmI dyÈ ivc, ieh smwisaf do kfrnF krky gMBIr bx cuwkI hY.
pihlF, isMhlf kOmIaq Drm pwKoN boDI hY, jdoN ik qfiml ihMdU hn aqy vsoN pwKoN GwtigxqI ivc hn. dUsrf, BfrqI hfkm jmfqF ny afpxIaF psfrvfdI nIqIaF sdkf , guaFZI dyÈF ƒ kuwtx aqy XrkfAux leI, AuhnF dyÈF dy aMdrUnI ivroDF ƒ hvf hI nhIN idwqI, blik ilty dy mfmly ivc qF POjI tRyinMg aqy hiQafr vI splfeI kIqy sn. ies dy nfl hI juVdf aihm pihlU, sRIlMkf dy qfiml bhuigxqI vfly ielfikaF dI , BfrqI rfjF dy qfiml bhuigxqI vfly qfimlnfzU nfl BUgoilk nyVqf hY. aijhI nyVqf kyvl nYiqk shfieqf df aDfr hI nhIN huMdI, sgoN pdfrQk Bfv jfnI aqy mflI shfieqf ivc vI bdl jFdI hY. kihx dI loV nhIN ik ieh PYktr hI sI, jo BfrqI hfkmF dy sMG ivc kMzy vFg Pisaf irhf hY.
BfrqI hfkmF vloN iksy smyN ilty bfgIaF dI mflI , sYink aqy nYiqk shfieqf aqy dUsry mOky `qy aKOqI ÈFqI sYnf Byj ky iesdf lwk qoVn dI koiÈÈ, kyvl gOx, bfhrI vrqfry hI sn. ilty dI asl qfkq qF sRIlMkf dI qfiml kOmIaq dI afm jnqf hY. ilty qF iek mwCI dI inaFeI rhI hY, jo qfiml jnqf dy smuMdr ivc qYr rhI hY. ijAuN hI ieh mwCI aqy pfxI vflf irÈqf tuwitaf, ilty ƒ Kqm krn ivc Borf vI dyr nhIN lwgygI. Bfrq srkfr sRIlMkf dI kI aqy ikho ijhI mdd krdI hY, ies df AuQoN dI qfiml smwisaf `qy koeI buinafdI pRBfv nhIN pvygf, ikAuNik bfhrI PYktr iksy msly ƒ kyvl Gtf jF vDf skdy huMdy hn. AuhnF df hkIkI hwl qF hfsl smfj jF msly dI pRDfn ivroDqfeI dy sulJx nfl hI hoxf huMdf hY.
qfiml kOmIaq bnfm isMhlf kOmIaq dy mfmly ivc pRDfn ivroDqfeI ikhVI ho skdI hY. ijvyN ik pihlF iËkr kIqf igaf hY ik isMhlf kOmIaq smfj dIaF sfrIaF cUlF Aupr kfbË hY. qfiml ingUxI Gwt igxqI ivc hox krky, AuhnF dI BfÈf, siBafcfr aqy kOmI pihcfx ƒ koeI mfnqf nhIN idwqI geI. BrmfAU vfaidaF dfaivaF dy bfvjUd vI ieho hflq brkrfr hY. isMhlI BfÈf ƒ srkfrI mfnqf imlI hoeI hY aqy isMhlIaF df Drm hI srkfrI Drm bixaf hoieaf hY. ivzMbnf qF ieh vI hY ik buwD Drm , ijs df buinafdI cirwqr ‘aihMsf` mMinaf jFdf hY, ƒ kiQq qOr `qy mMnx vflIaF sRIlMkf dIaF hfkm jmfqF Gor ihMsf df shfrf lY rhIaF hn.
swcI gwl qF ieh hY ik qfiml jnqf ƒ burI qrF kuwitaf aqy luwitaf igaf hY. swc qF ieh vI hY ik afm isMhlI jnqf vI luwt aqy kuwt df iÈkfr hY. lyikn ieh AuhnF afm vrqfiraF vFg hY, jo gYr brfbrI vfly aqy ÈoÈx aqy jbr vfly smfjF ivc huMdy hn. lyikn qfiml jnqf ivckfr ÈoÈx aqy kOmI dfby dI coB aqy iÈwdq hY. iek roh aqy ros hY. Aus df mMqkI iswtf iek KUnI hiQafrbMd sMGrÈ ivc hI inklxf sI. ies hoxI ƒ koeI nhIN tfl skdf sI aqy nf hI tflI jf skI. so qfiml kOmIaq ƒ hiQafr cuwkxy pey. iswtf sB dy sfhmxy hY.
1948 ivc sRIlMkf ivc hoeI swqf bdlI vyly qfiml kOmIaq ƒ sMivDfn ivc koeI aihmIaq nhIN idwqI geI. qfimlF dy kOm pRsq afgUaF ny AudoN hI mihsUs krnf ÈurU kr idwqf sI, ik jykr AuhnF dy ihwqF ƒ iDafn ivc nf rwiKaf igaf qF AuhnF dI kOmI pihcfx ƒ Kqrf pYdf hoxf XkInI hY. ÈurU dy swq awT sfl qfiml jnqf ƒ cyqMn krn aqy lok rfie bxfAux ivc lwg gey. agsq 1956 ivc, ‘ietkf` ny afpxIaF mMgF sMGrÈ dI Tos rUp ryKf ibafnidaF, sRIlMkf aMdr PYzrl ZFcy dI gwl kIqI, ijs ivc qfimlF leI KyqrI KudmuKqfrI , qfiml BfÈf ƒ isMhlf BfÈf dy brfbr df ruqbf aqy qfiml vsoN vfly ielfikaF ivc, rfjkI puÈqpnfhI aDIn gYr qfimlF df vsybf bMd krfAux ijhIaF mMgF Èfml hn. ienHF mMgF ƒ pUrf krfAux leI ietkf ny nfPurmfnI aMdoln CyVn dI DmkI vI idwqI. PYzryÈn dI gwl krn vflI ‘ietkf` ƒ bfad ivc PYzrl pfrtI vjoN jfØixaf jFdf irhf. ies PYzrl pfrtI dy jbrdsq dbfE sdkf 26 julfeI 1957 ƒ, AudoN dy pRDfn mMqrI aYs[zbilAU[afr[ zI[ BMzfrnfieky, aqy qfiml nyqf vI[cylvfnfiekm ivckfr iek smJOqf shIbMd hoieaf. lyikn Kud BMzfrnfiek vwloN hI ies smJOqy dI inKq ƒ hI pfV idwqf igaf.
Bfrq dI dKlaMdfËI nfl 29 julfeI 1987 ƒ rfjIv gFDI aqy jYvrDny ivckfr iek hor smJOqf hoieaf. ies ƒ lfgU krfAux leI Bfrq vloN ‘‘amn sYnf`` vI ByjI geI, ies smJOqy df jo hÈr hoieaf aqy rfjIv gFDI ƒ inwjI rUp ivc ies dI jo kImq cukfAuxI peI, iksy itwpxI dI muQfË nhIN. bfad ivc nfrvy dI ivcolgI nfl keI qrF dy smJOqy hoey aqy ilwty ƒ vwK vwK qrF dIaF pyÈkÈF huMdIaF rhIaF, lyikn gwl iksy vI qx pwqx nhIN lwgI.
11 sqMbr 2001 ƒ amrIkf ivc hoey dihÈqI hmly qoN bfad dunIaF Br df muhFdrf hI bdl cuwikaf hY. lfËmI sI ik bdl rhy kOmFqrI rfjsI idRÈ ivwc ilwty ƒ vI vwKrI qrF dy mfhOl nfl nijwTnf pYxf sI. ZfeI dhfikaF qoN cwl rhy qfimlF dy hiQafrbMd sMGrÈ df kuwJ mhIinaF aMdr hI hfr jfxf, kOmIaqF dIaF lihrF leI bhuq vwzy svfl KVy krdf hY. ajoky sfmrfjI dOr ivc vwzI qoN vwzI kOmI lihr vI hfr jfx leI srfpI hoeI huMdI hY, ikAuNik kOmI irafsqF dI AusfrI df svfl pUMjIvfd dI pihlI cVHq nfl hI inbV igaf sI. kOmIaqF dIaF lIzriÈpF kol koeI ivÈvivafpI idRÈtIkoox nf hox krky aqy dUjf sfmrfjI dOr ivc aKOqI kOmI rfjF df itkfa sMBv nf hox sdkf, kOmIaqF dI lIzriÈp sMGrÈ ƒ hkIkI mukqI qwk nhIN iljf skdI. nvjmhUrI smfj dI sQfpnf dI AusfrI ivc lwgIaF qfkqF hI kOmI svfl df sdIvI hwl kr skdIaF hn.
cskybfË rfjnIqI ivc AulJy mwDvrgI lok -krm brst
sfmrfjI sMsQfvF dy ieÈfiraF qy clfey jFdy ivkfs mfzlF ny Kfs krky 1990ivaF qoN bfad qF lokF dI imwJ kwZ ky rwK idwqI hY. jl, jMgl, ËmIn Bfv dyÈ dy kudrqI mfl KËfny sfmrfjI sMsQfvF aqy AuhnF dy dlflF dy hwQF ivc jf rhy hn. ivkfs mfzlF dy AujfVy lokF kol ikDry vI jfx df rfh nhIN bicaf. Auh mr rhy hn jF ÈihrF dIaF gMdIaF bsqIaF ivc nrkI jIvn ijAuN rhy hn. dyÈ dI KyqI AujV rhI hY, pYdfvrI snaq brbfd ho geI hY. hflq ieh hY ik KyqI ivcly AujfVy ny snaq ƒ hulfrf nhIN idwqf aqy snaqI ivkfs nf hox krky lokF ƒ ruËgfr nhIN iml sikaf. hflq ieh bx geI hY ik dyÈ dI kuwl GrylU pYdfvfr ivc msF cOQy ihwsy df Xogdfn pfAux vflf KyqI sYktr kuwl abfdI dy 65 PIsdI ihwsy ƒ sFBI bYTf hY. afm lokfeI kol lybr cOkF ivc rulx, bIVIaF dy KoKy lfAux jF sbËI mMzIaF ivc BUMjy bih ky roËfnf 10 qoN 20 iklo qwk df vpfr krn qoN ibnF hor koeI cfrf nhIN bicaf.
ies vyly jdoN ‘Bfrq dyÈ mhfn` aKOqI lokqMqr dy 60vyN vrHy ivc pYr rwK cuwikaf hY, qF aijhy svfl AuTxy lfËmI hn ik asIN scmuwc hI iksy pkyry aËfd dyÈ dy vfsI bx gey hF jF ajy vI brqfnvIN gulfmI vrgI iksy pMjflI dy jUly hyTF krfh rhy hn. 15 agsq hovy jF 26 jnvrI qF sfzy dyÈ dy cotI dy do nyqf pRDfn mMqrI aqy rfÈtrpqI vfro vfrI Brosf idvFAuNdy af rhy hn ik Plfxy sMn qwk grIbI cuwkI jfvygI, iZmky sMn qwk sfry lokF ƒ iviwdaf aqy ishq dIaF shUlqfvF iml jfxgIaF. aYny sflF ƒ dyÈ df afriQk ivkfs do ihMdisaF qoN Aupr clf jfvygf aqy Plfxy sMn qwk asIN dunIaF dI mhF ÈkqI bxn dy nyVy phuMc jfvFgy. pqf nhIN ikMnI ku vfrI 10-10 sflF dy vkPy dIaF ivkfs XojnfvF bx cuwkIaF hn, lyikn aKOqI aËfdI dy 62 sflF dy bfad vI lokF dIaF smwisaFvF pihlF nfloN ikqy vwD AulJ geIaF hn.
aijhIaF mMdIaF hflqF ivc jdoN dyÈ dy hfkmF aqy hfkm jmfqI pfrtIaF smyq hr iksm dIaF sMsdI pfrtIaF vwl nËr mfrI jFdI hY qF AuhnF kol afm jnqf dy buinafdI muwidaF df iËkr krn df ‘ivhl` hI nhIN hY. hfkmF ƒ pqf hY ik hfl dI GVI lokF kol qkVy buinafdI bdl dI Gft hY. ies leI AuhnF ny ‘Auqr kfto mYN cVF` dI Kyz jfrI rwKI hoeI hY . vMn suvMny hfkmF ƒ ieh pqf hY ik lokF kol AuhnF kolo bdlf lYx df ieko iek vwD qoN vwD bdl, hr pMj sflF bfad vot prcI pfky hfkmF dy JMzy df rMg bdl dyx qwk sImq hY aqy lok ies qrIky nfl afpxy guwsy aqy inrfÈqf df pRgtfvf vI krdy hn. iesy krky hfkm jmfqI pfrtIaF ny vfro vfrI hkUmq krn df ailKqI smJOqf kIqf hoieaf hY.
iksy vI rfjnIqk pfrtI kol lokF ƒ dyx leI kuJ vI nvF nhIN hY. sfry nfary aqy lfry Tuws hoky rih gey hn. ies leI koeI axhoxI gwl nhIN jykr lok afpxIaF votF bdly pYsy vI lY lYNdy hn aqy dfrU BuwkI vI Cwk Cwzdy hn. ieh vI vMn suvMnI dy hfkmF koloN bdlf lYx df iek gYr srgrm ZMg hI hY. aijhI ivafpk jnqk inrfÈf aqy bdËnI dI hflq ivc isafsI nyqfvF ny afpxI hoNd kfiem rwKx df aqy lokF, Kfs krky mwDvrgI cskybfË ivakqIaF dy mnorMjn leI bVy sOKy aqy ssqy qrIky eIjfd kIqy hoey hn. pMjfb dy iksy sfbkf muwK mMqrI dy iksy pfiksqfnI aOrq nfl sbMDF ƒU ctKfry lYky proisaf jFdf hY jF hirafxy dy Aup muwK mMqrI vloN Drm bdlI krky dUjf ivafh rcfAux dI Gtnf ƒ vfr vfr isMgfr ky pyÈ kIqf jFdf hY. hfkm iDr vloN ivroDIaF Aupr do cfr kys mVH idwqy jFdy hn aqy jdoN ivroDIaF dI vfrI afAuFdI hY qF ieho islislf sfbkf hfkmF dy iKlfP ÈurU ho jFdf hY. ibnF pYsf Krc kIiqaF lokF df mnorMjn cldf rihMdf hY.
asl ivc gwl ies hfkmI qmfÈy qoN ikqy vwD zUMGI aqy gMØBIr hY. AuproN idsdy ies mnorMjnI qmfÈy dy Ehly hfkm pfrtIaF ieho ijhIaF nIqIaF lfgU krdIaF rihMdIaF hn, ijhnF df afm lokfeI dy BivwK nfl gihrf srokfr huMdf hY. imsfl ivc jdoN bfdlI jF kYptnI hkUmq afpxy ivroDIaF dy cirwqr df prdfPfÈ , ibjlI dy ibwlF dI muafPI vrgIaF lok luBfAU skImF pfs kr rhIaF huMMdIaF hn, qF Auh cuwp cupIqy hI ivÈv bYNk dy ieÈfiraF `qy srkfrI Kyqr dIaF ividak aqy ishq sMsQfvF dI arQI iqafr kr rhIaF huMdIaF hn. hr iksm dIaF buinafdI shUlqF df inwjIkrn krky kuwJ chyqIaF kMpnIaF ƒ mflfmfl krn dy PYsly lY rhIaF huMdIaF hn . pMjfb ivc vwzy vwzy mYgf pRfjYktF qoN supr Qrml ibjlI plftF, biTMzy dy bws awzy ƒ ey[ sI[ bnfAux qoN lYky sMsfr pwDr dy ikRkt styzIam dI AusfrI dIaF gwlF dy Ehly , ibjlI borz dy inwjIkrn , tol plfijaF, tRFsport aqy kybl nYtvrkF `qy kbËy dIaF godF guMdIaF jf rhIaF huMdIaF hn. jF afpØxy PrjMd ƒ muwK mMqrI bnfAux leI joV qoV kIqy jf rhy huMdy hn. jdoN afm jnqf ƒ swcy sOdy vfilaF dy iKlfP BVkfieaf jf irhf huMdf hY qF qyl soDk kfrKfny ƒ iksy lkÈmI imwql vrgy Dnkubyr ƒ vycx jF supr Qrml plftF leI iksfnF dIaF ËmInF ƒ kOzIaF dy Bfa KrIdx dI ivAuNq bx rhI huMdI hY.
lokF ƒ BrmfAux aqy AulJfAux leI nOkrÈfhI , inaFpfilkf aqy mIzIaF smyN dy hfkmF nfl pUrI qrF iGE iKcVI huMdy hn. vfrdfq bfad ivc vfprnI huMdI hY lyikn ibjleI mIzIaf dy lok pihlF phuMcy huMdy hn. mOjUdf ivvsQf ieMnI inwGr cuwkI hY ik ies ivvsQf ƒ Kud hI afpxy afp ƒ bcfky rwKx leI iksy krnl puroihq, iksy inrml Xfdv vrgI jwj jF iksy sfjI mohn vrgy Auc pulIs aiDkfrI jF pwpU Xfdv vrgy bfhUblI rfjnyqfvF dy iKlfP kfƒnI kfrvfeIaF krn df pKMz krnf pYNdf hY. qmfÈbIn BIV aijhI rfjnIqk srks dy adfkfrF leI KuÈI ivc qfVIaF vjfAuFdI . ivvsQf pUry Ëor nfl hwsdI hoeI bfGIaF pfAuFdI dwsdI hY, lok vI mMqr mugD ho rhy huMdy hn, lyikn aMdro aMdrI ivvsQf ƒ qfkq dy tIky lwg rhy huMdy hn. ieh vI KuÈ aqy Auh vI KuÈ. ies qrF jdoN AuhnF mDvrgI lokF ƒ rfjnIqk srks dy murId bxf ilaf jFdf hY, ijhnF ny kihMdy hn ik lok rfey iqafr krnI huMdI hY qF ivvsQf leI koeI Kqrf nhIN rihMdf.
Auprlf mDvrg qF vYsy hI pCwmI jIvn ÈYlI df ies kdr murId bx cuwikaf hY ik AuhnF ƒ jfrj buÈ dI pfrtI dI hfr ivcoN afpxI hfr idKfeI dyx lwgdI hY. ies dyÈ df pRDfn mMqrI jdoN afksPorz XUnIvrsnI ivc jfky aMgryËF dI ies gwl leI qfrIP krdf hY ik AuhnF ny ieQy do so sfl rih ky BfrqIaF ƒ qihjIb aqy ivkfs df mfrg idKfieaf hY qF dlfl hfkmF dIaF cuMGxIaF `qy pl rhI muwTI Br jmfq KIvI ho ho jFdI hY. jdoN pUrI dunIaF dy dwby ilqfVy lok jfrj buÈ ƒ iPtkfrF dy rhy huMdy hn qF Bfrq df aKOqI buwDImfn aqy dlfl pRDfn mMqrI Ausƒ ‘Bfrq df sB qoN vwzf imwqr` dws irhf huMdf hY. isvfey ienklfbI jmhUrI lokF aqy muslm jgq dy ikDry vI amrIkI sfmrfj df srgrm ivroD idKfeI nhIN idMdf. Aultf ivroD jfhr krn vfly dysDRohI idKfeI idMdy hn. kihx df Bfv hY ik mOjUdf rfjnIqI ivc hfkm aqy ivroDI iDr dI BUimkf ivc koeI aMqr hI nhIN irhf. muwTI Br kfrporytI Grfxy jdoN jIa cfhy iksy vI pfrtI jF lIzr ƒ afpxy kwtV ivroDI nfl glvkVI puaf skdy hn jF afpxy aiq nyVly nfloN vwK krf skdy hn. ihMd amrIkf pRmfxUM smJOqy vyly ies vrqfry ƒ lok afpxIaF awKF nl spÈt dyK cuwky hn.
muMbeI ivc hoeI 26 nvMbr dI Gtnf qoN bfad qF lokF dy buinafdI muwdy ijvyN hmyÈf leI kbr ivc dwby gey hox. Bfrq dIaF hfkm jmfqF ny iklHwx dI hwd qwk jMgI jƒn BVkfAux dI koiÈÈ kIqI hY. iksy ny pUry POjI hmly dI, iksy ny amrIkf aqy ieËrfiel dI qrË `qy coxvyN jMgI itkfØixaF `qy hmly dI aqy jy hor nhIN qF pfiksqfn ƒ jf rhy isMD, jyhlm aqy JnF dy pfxIaF ƒ hI zwk lYx dIaF DmkIaF dy mfrIaF hn. byÈk pfiksqfn dy hfkmF vloN Ausy iksm dy moVvyN ibafn afey hn, lyikn BfrqI hfkmF aqy mIzIey ny qF aiqvfd dI afV hyTF muslmfnF dy iKlfP iPrkU Ëihr AUglx ivc koeI ksr nhIN CwzI. Gwt igxqIaF dy msilaF bfry kyNdrI mMMqrI ey[ afr [ aMquly dy ibafn ƒ lY ky hr iksm dy ihMdU jƒnIaF vloN sMsd aqy ies dy bfhr cuwikaf igaf AuWDmUl iksy jMgI PqUr nfloN Gwt nhIN sI. prMqU jdoN sMsd ivc quwC muwidaF `qy ieh KVduMb mwc irhf sI, qF Ausy vyly isrÌ awT imMtF aMdr hI 17 nvyN kfƒn pfs kr idwqy jF purfixaF ivc hor vI lok ivroDI soDF kr idwqIaF geIaF. Bfrq dI ‘‘Èfndfr jmhUrIaq`` dy ieiqhfs ivc kfƒn pfs krn dI ÈqfbI dI aijhI imsfl nhIN imldI.
ies hmly ivc kuwJ amrIkIaF dy mfry jfx nfl ijvyN amrIkf dI KuPIaf eyjMsI PYzrl ibAuro ƒ Bfrq ivc KuwlH Kyzx dI afigaf idwqI geI hY, AusqoN spÈt ho jFdf hY ik BfrqI hfkmF ny iks hwd qwk dyÈ ƒ amrIkf df nvF gulfm bxf Diraf hY. kuwJ ku bdyÈIaF dy mfry jfx `qy qF hfkmF ny ipwt isafpf kIqf hY , lyikn hmly ivc mfry gey 45 qoN vwD muslmfnF df koeI iËkr krn ƒ vI iqafr nhIN hY. hflF ik iksy iek vI bygunfh dI mOq dI dwbky inMdf kIqI jfxI bxdI hY , lyikn rylvy styÈn `qy mfry ivakqIaF dI bjfey ijvyN qfj jF nfrImn hfAUs ivc mry bdyÈIaF dI mOq qy isafsI kIrny pfey gey hn, Auh BfrqI hfkmF dy dMB ƒ hI nMgf krdy hn. Bfrq ivc roËfnf hI sYNkVy lok lfielfj bImfrIaF, tfly jfx vfly hfdisaF aqy kupoÈn df iÈkfr hoky mrdy hn. pRMqU ijvyN muMbeI dI Gtnf ƒ lYky hoCI rfjnIqI aqy guaFZI dyÈ ivruwD pRfpygMzf kIqf igaf hY, AusqoN Ëfhr hY ik dyÈ dy hfkmF leI lokF dy muwdy koeI srokfr nhIN rwKdy. Aultf ies hmly dI afV lYky ijvyN ieko swty kOmI KuPIaf eyjMsI aqy tfzf, potf qoN vI vwDky ‘‘gYr kfƒnI kfrvfeIaF ƒ rokx leI soiDaf hoieaf kfƒn`` bxfieaf igaf hY, ieh rfjkI qMqr dy dMdy iqwKy krn dI hI koiÈÈ hY.
awj ivÈv ivafpI mMdI dy dOr ivc BfrqI jnqf hor vwD luwtI aqy ilqfVI jfx leI srfpI geI hY. quwC muwidaF dI rfjnIqI rfhIN ies jnqf ƒ iek pfsy BuclfAux dI aqy dUjy pfsy jnqk ivroD ƒ iPrkU vMzIaF pfky qoVx aqy kfly kfƒnF rfhIN nrVx dI guMËfieÈ keI guxf vwD geI hY. ies leI lokF ƒ shI idÈf ivc qorn leI mËmybfË aqy srksI rfjnIqI dy pMjy qoN bcfAuxf bhuq ËrUrI hY. mwDvrgI cskybfË vrg dy mnorMjn dI rfjnIqI lokF dy pYrF dI byVI hY. aijhI rfjnIqI dy prdy Ehly KyzI jf rhI luwt aqy dmn dI Kyz ƒU nMgf krn nfl hI lokF dI cyqnf df pwDr Aucf kIqf jf skdf hY. úúúúú
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ksfnF dI kMgflI ivc KyqI kriËaF dI BUimkf lMby smyN dy sDfrx ivafj vfly kriËaF dI loV -krm brst
Bfrq ivc iksfnF dIaf afqmhwiqafvF bfdsqUr jfrI hn. pRDfn mMqrI qo lYky sUbfeI afgUaF qwk JUTI hmdrdI idKfAux qo vwD kuJ vI krn jogy nhI hn. asl ivc Auh ies iBafnk sMkt ƒ tfkIaF lgfky hwl krnf cfhuMdy hn, ijhVf ik asl ivc iqwKy nÈqr dI mMg krdf hY. dyÈ dy anykF BfgF ivc KyqI krijaF Aupr lIk mfrn dI avfj AuWT rhI hY.kyNdr srkfr ny dwKxI rfjF dy kuwJ BfgF ivc rfhq dyx df pKMz vI kIqf hY, ijhVf ik asl ivc shfieqf dy nfm hyTF AuhnF ƒ hor vwD krjfeI krn dy kMm af irhf hY.Kud kyNdrI srkfr dy aMkiVaF muqfbk hI dys Br aMdr iek lwK qoN vwD lok krijaF dy boJ sdkf KudkuÈIaF kr cuwky hn. Bfjpf dI agvfeI vflI sfbkf kOmI jmhUrI gTjoV dI srkfr vwloN 2000 ivc lfgU kIqI rfÈtrI KyqI nIqI Bfrq dy ieiqhfs ivwc iek nvF moV ibMdU hY. ieh nIqI qyË rPqfr qknIk dy Xuwg ivwc Bfrq aMdr ho rhI ikrq-aDfrq KyqI ƒ bykfr mMndI hY.iesdI dlIl hY ik CotI iksfnI KyqI leI loNVIdf pUMjI invyÈ nhIN jutf skdI.dUjf KyqI AuproN Bfr GtfAux dI loV hY. ieh swc hY ik afDuink qknflojI dI vrqoN lfËmI qOr qy pUMjI invyÈ dI mMg krdI hY, ijhVf ik iksfn kol nhIN hY aqy nf hI srkfr kol hY. ieh imQ ilaf igaf hY ik hux DnkubyrF ƒ hI KyqI dy ivkfs dI ijMmyvfrI EtxI cfhIdI hY. 'ËmIn hlvfhk dI' aqy BUmI suDfrF dI gwl vylf ivhf cuwkI hY. dyÈ dy hfkmF df kOmI ajMzf sfP qy spÈt ÈbdF ivc KyqI df ingmIkrn krnf rih igaf hY. swtf pUMjI dy ies nvyN dOr ivc KyqI leI krËf imlxf nf kyvl dyKx ƒ sOKf lwgdf hY, sgoN idKfvy pwKoN ssqf vI hY. vpfr aqy snaq dy mukfbly ivc KyqI leI ivafË dIaF drF ivc BfrI irafieq idKfeI idMdI hY, lyikn ieh Aupro idsdI irafieq iewk aYsI gl-PrfhI hY, ijhVI hkIkq ivwc qbfhI ilafAux vflI hY. bYNkF dI sQfpnf vpfr aqy snaq ƒ krËy dyx leI kIqI geI sI. pYsy Auqy imÈrq ivafj ƒ afm vrqfry vjoN svIkfr kr ilaf igaf hY.lyikn KyqI df ivkfs pYtrn vpfr aqy snaq dy ivkfs nflo isÌqI qOr qy vwKrf hY . ies leI isrP sDfrn ivafË df pRbMD hI buinafdI qOr qy jYivk suBfa vflI KyqI dy anukUl ho skdf hY . BfrqI iksfnF leI pihlF hkIkI sMkt, ËmIn Aupr nkd lgfn df Qoipaf jfxf sI. ieh ieMnf iËafdf sI ik kuwl pYdfvfr df iqMn-cOQfeI jF ies qoN vwD vI, iksfn vwloN tYks Brn leI vycxf pYxf sI . hnHyrgrdI dy ies dOr ivwc ÈfhUkfrF ny mnmrjI dy imÈrq ivafË Qopy .aMgryjI hkUmq vyly dy ‘kfl` kimÈnF dIaF pVqflF df incoV hI ieh sI ik ‘iksfn krËy ivwc jMmdf hY, krËy ivc ijAuNdf hY aqy krËy ivwc mrdf hY`. ies cIË dy byprd ho jfx nfl sfmrfjI rfj ny iksfnF ƒ krËy pRdfn krn dI iËMmyvfrI sMBfl leI. ËmIn suDfr krËf aYkt-1883 aqy hlvfhkF leI krËf aYkt-1883 vrgy do nvyN kfƒn pfs kIqy gey. ivafË dI dr 4 PIsdI slfnf dy anusfr sDfrn sI. ieh kfƒn awj vI ivDfn-pRxflI df ihwsf hn. KyqI ivwc invyÈ krn aqy Aus ivwco lfB hfsl krn dI pRikiraf ƒ iek bhuq hI joÉm Biraf aqy lMbf smf mMnky, aMgryËF ny iesy leI qkfvI kfƒnF ivwc krËf vfps krn df smF GwtoGt 35 sflF df mMinaf sI. lyikn hux “aËfd” dyÈ dy aijhy spÈt kfƒn ƒ vI KyqI leI krËf dyx vflIaF sMsQfvF dy pRbMDkF ny pUrI qrHF axizwT kIqf hY. AunHF dy iKafl ivc lMby smyN dy KyqI krËy dI vD qo vwD sImf 8-10 sfl kfPI hY. ËmIn dy suDfr, isMcfeI afid ivwc lgfAux leI QoVHy smyN df aijhf krËf, iksfn vwloN JwlIaF jFdIaF (kudrqI) byXkInIaF dy snmuwK afpxy afp ivwc hI Aus ƒ brbfd krn leI kfPI hY ikAuNik invyÈ aqy Aus qoN munfÌf vsUlI df ivckfrlf smf (jYstyÈn pIrIaz) bhuq iËafdf lMbf huMdf hY. lyikn jdoN ieh krËf imÈrq ivafË vflf hovy qF iksfn dI brbfdI mukMml aqy ibnf iksy lwg lpyt dy hox leI srfpI jFdI hY . ies leI iksfnF vwlo kIqIaF jFdIaF KudkuÈIaF ikvyN vI hYrfnI df sbwb nhIN ho skdIaF. bhuigxqI iksfnF leI KyqI iek GftyvMdf sOdf bx cuwkI hY, ikAuik dyÈ dy 80 PIsdI iksfnF dI vfhI pMj eykVF qo Gwt hY, ijhVI ik pUMjI-prDfn KyqI dy ies Xug ivc puwg nhI skdI. iksfnF dIaF KudkuÈIaF krËf pRbMD dy jmHf-joV df atwl nqIjf hn. KyqI krËy leI afdrÈ kOmI nIqI qkfvI kfƒnF ivc CupI hoeI hY, ijhVy ik ajy vI lfgU hn. Auh spÈt qOr `qy styt AuWpr KyqI ƒ krËy dyx dI iËMmyvfrI afied krdy hn. kfrn bVf spÈt hY, ik vpfr aqy snaq dI mdd krn leI KVHf kIqf bYikMg pRbMD, afpxy muwZly cirwqr ivc hI, KyqI ƒ krËy dyx dI ijMmyvfrI nhIN Et skdf. qkfvI kfƒnF aMdr drj KyqI krËf nIqI dIaF ÈrqF ivc iqMn muwZly qwq -- imÈrq ivafË dI mnfhI, 4 PIsdI slfnf dI dr qoN Gwt vflf sfDfrn ivafË aqy lMby smyN dy pIVHIvfr cOKty aMdr vsUlI--mOjUd hn. Bfrq dy sfhUkfrf krËf aYkt ny 1918 ivc iesy nIqI cOKty ƒ lfgU kIqf. ieh kfƒn sUdKorI dI pRIBfÈf nhIN idMdf, lyikn adflqF ƒ ieh ÈkqIaF idMdf hY ik Auh hryk kys dI smuwcI hflq ƒ iDafn ivwc rwKdy hoey, ieh PYslf krn ik ivafË dI dr jF kul rkm ikqy iËafdf qF nhIN? bhuq sfry adflqI PYsilaF ny KyqI krËy ƒ iek ivÈyÈ vMngI vwloN mMinaf hY. sUdKorI nfl sbMDq bhuq sfry adflqI PYsilaF ny KyqI krËy nfl ivÈyÈ slUk kIqf hY. bhuq sfry mfmilaF ivc imÈrq ivafË ƒ ainafeIN/byloVf grdfinaf igaf hY. sUdKorI df Kfqmf, aËfdI dI lihr df iek ainwKVvf aMg sI. sfl 1937 ivwc bhuq sfry sUibaF dIaF cuxIaF hoeIaF pihlIaF ivDfn sBfvF (smyq pMjfb dy) aMdr, sUdKorI ivroDI kƒn pfs kIqy gey, ijhnF ivc spÈt kIqf igaf ik ivafË dI kul dyxdfrI mUlDn qoN vwD nhIN ho skdI aqy imÈrq ivafË dy sfry smJOqy njfieË hn aqy mUlDn qoN vfDU AugrfhI geI ivafË dI rkm vI ÊYr kfƒnI hY. ies qoN vI vDky, iehnF DfrfvF dI AulMGxf ƒ dMzXog aprfD bxfky, iek sfl qwk dI sËf dI ivvsQf kIqI geI. lyikn dIvfnI jylH dI kropI anykF sUibaF, Éfs krky AuqrI Bfrq ivwc jfrI rhI. 1939 dy ibhfr dy ÈfhUkfrI kfƒn dI ajy isafhI vI nhIN suwkI sI ik ibhfr dy gvrnr ny ieh dlIl dyky, ik ieh sMsQfvF inXmF muqfbk vhI-Kfqy bxfky rwKdIaF hn jF iehnF bYNkF ivc ipaf pYsf afm lokF dIaF bwcqF df huMdf hY, ieMpIarl bYNk qoN lY ky sihkfrI sBfvF qwk ƒ, ies kfƒn dy dfiery ivcoN bfhr kr idwqf. qqkflI gvrnr vwloN kIqf aprfD smJ ivc afAux vflf hY, ikAuik Auh sfmrfjI ihwqF df rKvflf sI. lyikn Aus vyly dy gvrnr vwloN kIqI geI ieh kfrvfeI, “aËfd” Bfrq ivc vI kfiem rhy, gwl jwcdI nhI. lyikn hry ienklfb dy dOr ivwc aiq pUMjI-muwKI KyqI dI ÈurUafq nfl KyqI krËy dIaF loVF ivc byÈumfr vfDf hoieaf hY. ies leI srkfr ny sfry hI KyqrF ivc qkfvI ËrIey iswDy KyqI krËy dyx dI nIqI qoN lgBg hwQ bfhr iKwc ilaf. bYNkF ƒ pyNzU Kyqr ivc kfrj krn dI hdfieq dy idwqI aqy bYikMg pRxflI aDIn, sihkfrI qfxy-bfxy ƒ ivÈfl bxf idwqf igaf.Bfrq dy irËrv bYNk vwlo 1972 ivc vpfrk bYNkF ƒ Byjy afpxy srkUlr ivc slfh idwqI geI ik Auh moVfeI dy smyN ƒ ies qrHF qYa krn jdoN iksfnF koÜ pYsf mOjUd hovy.iesdf mqlb sI ik iksfnF kol hryk Psl qo bfad pYsf huMdf hY, ies leI krËy dI moVfeI vI Psl-dr- Psl hoxI cfhIdI hY. vsUlI nf hox dI sUrq ivc ivafË ƒ mUlDn ivwc joiVaf jf skdf hY. kfƒnF dI rwdobdl nfÜ styt aqy ÈfhUkfrF dI BUimkf qbdIl ho geI hY. bYNk adflq ivc jfey qoN ibnf hI, gihxy peI jfiedfd AuWpr kbjf kr skdy hn. ieh iËlHf mYijstryt ƒ mdd leI swd skdy hn. sfzy sfhmxy iek aijhy vpfrI df idRÈ hY ijs dy iek hwQ ivc lfTI aqy dUsry hwQ ivc iensfÌ dI qwkVI PVI hoeI hY. vpfrI, pulIs aqy jwj iewko bMdy ivc smfey hoey hn. ieh Bfrq ivc iksy vyly rhy “mhfn kMpnI rfj” ƒ vI mfq pf rhy hn. hux qF vsUlI guMizaF rfhIN vI kIqI jf skdI hY. ies leI, KyqI krËy dIaF ÈrqF dy iKlfÌ jwdojihd df inÈfnf lfËmI hI iek pwkf aqy abdl hwl hoxf cfhIdf hY. iek aijhf aml iCVnf cfhIdf hY ijhVf lokF dIaF asIm smrwQfvF ƒ iek Ëordfr hkIkI qfkq ivc bdl skdf hY ijs nfÜ Auh pYsy aqy mMzI dIaF ivkrfl qfkqF df mukfblf krdy hoey, dyÈ ƒ swcImucI dI lok-jmhUrIaq ivc iljf skdy hn. Pyr vI vkqI hwl dy qOr qy mMg krnI bxdI hY ik krËy AuWqy imÈrq ivafË lgfAuxf bMd kIqf jfvy, KyqI krËy AuWqy ivafË dI dr 4 PIsdI sflfnf qoN vwD nf hovy, krËy dI vfpsI dI imafd KyqI dy suBfa aqy mksd dy muqfibk qYa hovy, KyqI krËy AuWqy lwigaf kul ivafË ies dy mUÜ nfÜoN kdy vI vwD nf hovy, krËy aqy ËmInI lgfn dy bkfieaF dIaF dyxdfrIaF sbMDI sfry kfƒn rwd kIqy jfx.
pRmfxUM sMDI dI hkIkq -krm brst anykF cwkFQwlf ivcoN dI lMGdy hoey, afKLr ivc Bfrq amrIkf pRmfxUM sMDI dy KrVy nUM amrIkI rfsLtrpqI jfrj busL ny pRvfngI dy idwqI hY. BfrqI sMsd, 35 mYNbrI kOmFqrI pRmfxUM AUrjf eyjMsI, 45 mYNbrI pRmfxUM splfier grwup aqy amrIkI kFgrs dy dovyN sdnF ivc hoeI iGc iGc mgroN ies nUM pihlF hI mnjLUrI iml cwukI hY. ivsLv bYNk aqy kOmFqrI mudrf kosL dy syvk rhy Bfrq dy pRDfn mMqrI zf[ mnmohn isMG nUM ies sMDI nUM pUr cVHfAux leI zMzfEq dIaF anykF mudrfvF ivcNo lMGxf ipaf hY. sLfied ieh ieiqhfs df aijhf mOkfmyl hY, jdoN amrIkf ny pRmfxUM sMDI ivc afey hryk moV `qy BfrqI hfkmF dI ‘‘afjLfdI’’ aqy ‘‘kulaKiqafrI’ dy hryk dfavy nUM byprd krn leI vI mOkf nhIN KMuJx idwqf. sMXukq rfsLtr sMG, kOmFqrI pRmfxUM AUrjf eyjMsI aqy pRmfxUM splfier gruwp ikvyN amrIkf dy iesLfiraF `qy nwcx lwgdy hn, ierfk AusdI iek bwjr imsfl hY. pRmfxMU apsfr sMDI `qy dsqKLq krn qoN bfad vI ierfn nUM afpxf gYr POjI pRogrfm jfrI rwKx qoN Dwky nfl vrijaf jf irhf hY. ivroDfBfs ieh hY ik kOmFqrI pRmfxMU AUrjf eyjMsI ivwc Bfrq ies mwudy `qy ierfn dy ivruwD do cfr vot pf cwuikaf hY. iesy qrHF jdoN ksUqf vkq afieaf qF Bfrq amrIkf sMDI iksy kfnUMnI dsqfvyjLF dI muQfj nhIN rhygI. 123 smJOqy dy nfl hI hYnrI hfeIz aYkt, sMDI nUM pRvfngI dyx qoN pihlF iek kfnUMnsfjL hfvrz brmn vloN suJfeIaF KLqrnfk soDF nfl amrIkI hfkmF ny drsf idwqf sI, ik Auh Bfrq nUM aYYvyN hI pRmfxUM qknIk jF XUrynIam dyx vfly nhIN hn. sMDI nUM mnjLUrI dyx smyN amrIkI rfsLtrpqI vloN idwqy nIqIgq ibafn ivc duhrfieaf igaf hY ik 123 sMDI amrIkf dy pRmfxUM ibjlI kfnUMn 1954 aqy hYnrI hfeIz aYkt dIaF DfrfvF dy aDIn rhygI.’’ spsLt hY ik Bfrq nUM pRmfxUM Dmfkf krn, pRmfxUM bflx nUM soDx nfjLk vkqF leI iesdf BMzfr krn, pRmfxUM rfKL nUM muV soDx, pRmfxUM qknIk nUM drfmd krn afid df koeI hwk nhIN hovygf. ieh sfrIaF sLrqF zf[ mnmohn isMG vloN BfrqI sMsd aqy anykF mMcF qoN idwqy gey ibafnF aqy BroisaF df inKyD krdIaF hn. pRmfxUM sMDI dy KrVy ivc ilKqI qOr `qy kuJ vI aijhf nhIN hY, ijs nfl sfzy dysL `qy huxy hI koeI bhuq vwzI ibpqf pYx vflI hovy. asl ivc qyjLI nfl bdl rhy sMsfr pRbMD ivc amrIkf df aKOqI iek DruvI sMsfr pRbMD burI qrHF iKMz irhf hY. rUs qy cIn dI agvfeI ivc sLMGfeI sihXog sMgTn’, ‘irk’ aqy ‘birk’ ijhy KyqrI rxnIqk guwt AuBr rhy hn. ierfn, sIrIaf, AuqrI korIaf aqy ikAUbf vrgIaF ‘bdI dIaF DurIaF’ nUM Jukfieaf nhIN jf sikaf. ierfk qy aPLgfinsqfn amrIkf dy gl dI hwzI bxy pey hn. iehnF hflfq ivc amrIkf nUM dwKxI eysLIaf ivc Bfrq vrgf ‘dosq’ cfhIdf hY. ieh iek nvIN qrHF dI afAUtsorisMg Bfv Tyky qy amrIkf leI POjI kfrvfeIaF krnf hovygf. amrIkI sfmrfj hyTly DVy dy ivkisq dysLF ny Bfrq nUM XUrynIam dI splfeI `qy sKLq pfbMdIaF lgf rwKIaF sn. Pyr vI Bfrq ny sfmrfjI gwut dy do dysLF PrFs aqy rUs dI mdd nfl ikvyN nf ikvyN afpxf pRfmxUM poRgrfm hI jfrI nhIN rwiKaf sgoN ieh QorIam dI vrqoN nfl pRmfxUM ibjlI dy ivkfs dy qIjy pVfa vwl vwD irhf hY. jykr ieh pVfa mukMml ho jFdf hY qF ieh KLud qF afpxI loV jogIaF pRmfxUM BwTIaF bxf lvygf, sgoN Gwt ivksq mulkF nUM brfmd krn dy smrwQ vI bx skdf hY ies leI POjI loVF dy nfl hI hux Bfrq nUM pRmfxUM BwTI dy qIjy rfh vwl vDx qoN rokx dI nIqI vI kMm kr rhI hY. ies vyly aflmI pRmfxUM snaq afKrI sfh lY rhI hY. amrIkf ivc 1978 qoN bfad iek vI nvF pRmfxUM plFt nhIN lwg sikaf. pRmfxUM BwTIaF bxfAux vflIaF do vwzIaF kMpnIaF jnrl ielYktirk (amrIkf) aqy afryvf (PrFs) nUM slfnf isrPL do BwTIaF dy afrzr iml rhy hn. jykr jfpfn dI qoisLbf nUM vI sLfml kr ilaf jfvy qF pRmfxUM snaq sfl ivc isrPL iqMn BwTIaF bxf rhI hY. amrIkf ivc afKrI plFt KVf krn ivc 23 sfl lwgy hn. XUrpI XUnIan ivc nvyN plFt lwgxy iblkuwl bMd ho gey hn. Aultf jrmnI aqy ietlI ny 2020 qwk sfry pRmfxUM plFt bMd krn df PYslf kr ilaf hY. bYljIam, hflYNz, spyn aqy svIzn hOlI hOlI afpxy plFt bMd rhy hn. afstRylIaf vrgy mulk ivc iek vI pRmfxUM plFt nhIN hY jdik Aus kol kul dunIaF ivc cldIaF 439 pRmfxUM BwTIaF ivcoN 104 iewkly amrIkf ivc hn pr ieh AuQoN dIaF ibjlI loVF df isrPL 20 PIsdI muhweIaf krvfAuNdIaF hY. ies snaq nUM 100 arb zflr dI slfnf sbiszI vI imldI hY. jy amrIkf df ieh hfl hY qF aMdfjLf lgfieaf jf skdf hY ik sfzy vrgy grIb mulkF df kI hfl hovygf? ikhf jf skdf hY, ik Bfrq dI DrqI hyTly bflx dy BMzfr (kolf, qyl aqy gYs) Kqm hox vfly hn. jykr pRmfxUM AUrjf sLurU nf kIqI geI qF iksy idn asIN aMDkfr ivc zuwb jfvFgy. ieh swc hY ik DrqI hyTly bflx dI iek sImf huMdI hY pr ieh vI scfeI hY ik sfzy BU-grB ivigafnI agly 30 sflF df aMdfjLf lgf ky hI cwldy hn. Bfrq dy DrqI hyTly sroqF df pUrf aMdfjLf qF ajy lgfieaf hI nhIN igaf. dUjI gwl, dunIaF ivc XUrynIam dI mfqrf qF koiely, qyl aqy gYs nfloN vI Gwt hY. jy mOjUdf pRmfxUM plFt hI cwldy rihx qF ieh agly 70 sflF ivc Kqm ho jfvygf. jykr pRmfxUM snaq dy Zhy cVH ky iehnF BwTIaF dI igxqI duwgxI kr idwqI jfvy qF ieh XUrynIam 35 sflF ivc muwk jfvygf. svfl ieh nhIN ik ikhVI cIjL pihlF Kqm huMdI hY. svfl ieh hY ik vsqF dy cMgy aqy mfVy pwKF dI qulnf krn vyyly AuhnF nUM ivsLysL sMdrB ivc hI dyKxf cfhIdf hY. pRmfxUM AUrjf ikvyN vI sfP suQrI aqy surwiKaq nhIN hY. hIrosLImf aqy nfgfsfkI dy pRmfxUM DmfikaF df asr 63 sflF bfad vI brkrfr hY. rUs aMdr 1986 ivc cyrnoibl aqy 1979 ivc amrIkf dy iqMn mIlI tfpU ivc hoeI pRmfxMU lIkyj dy asr isrP sbMDq ielfikaF qwk hI nhIN, sgoN nfl dy sUibaF, dysLF ivc vI qbfhI mcfAuNdy af rhy hn. Bfrq dy pRmfxUM plftF ivc lIkyjL dIaF drjnF imsflF sfhmxy af cuwkIaF hn pr pRmfxUM pRogrfm nUM pUrI qrHF gupq rwKx krky ieh afm lokF qwk nhIN phuMcdIaF. dysL dy hfkm 2020 qwk 20000 mYgfvt pRmfxUM ibjlI pYdf krn dI gwl kr rhy hn pr ieh nhIN dws rhy ik ies AuWpr afAux vflf 800 arb zflr (krIb 36,80,000 kroV rupey) ikQoN afAuxgy? ieh rkm Bfrq dI iek sfl dI kul GrylU pYdfvfr dy nyVy jf phuMcdI hY. Auh ieh vI nhIN dws rhy ik pRmfxUM ibjlI Qrml ibjlI nfloN iqMn guxf mihMgI vI pvygI aqy mnuwKI ishq pKoN qbfhkuMn vI hovygI. sfzy dysL ivc pRmfxUM ipCly 60 sflF qoN cwl irhf hY. ajy qwk asIN isrPL kuwl ibjlI 2[9 PIsdI hI pRmfxUM plFtF qoN lY rhy hF jdoN ik gYr rvfieqI AUrjf (pOx, sUrj aqy kUVy krkt) ivcoN 7 PIsdI ibjlI iml rhI hY. sfzy dysL ivc iewklI pOx ibjlI dI hI 20000 qoN 45000 mYgfvt dI sMBfvnf peI hY. iewkly qfimlnfzU ivc hI awj dI qrIk ivc 1350 mYgfvt dI smrwQf hY aqy cflU sfl ivc 450 mYgfvt pRmfxUM ibjlI dy awD ivc jf phuMcI hY. jykr pUry dysL dI pOx aqy sUrjI AUrjf dIaF sMBfvnfvF Prol leIaF jfx, qF sfzy dysL nUM bdysLF `qy inrBr krn dI loV vI nhIN pvygI. amrIkf aqy XUrpI dysL ies iksm dI ibjlI Aupr tyk rwKky cwl rhy hn aqy ies nUM BivwKI AUrjf vjoN ivksq kr rhy hn. gwl ieh nhIN ik Bfrq nUM gYr PLOjI pRmfxUM AUrjf leI jqn nhIN krny cfhIdy. sgoN mslf qF ieh hY ik sfzy dysL nUM bdysLI hfkmF df byqnKfhIaf syvk bxn dI QF afqm inrBr bxn dI koisLsL krnI cfhIdI hY. sfmrfjI aqy lutyrIaF bdysLI kMpnIaF dy shfry Bfrq dy gYr PLOjI AUrjf pRogrfm nUM kdy vI ivksq nhIN kIqf jf skdf. ipCly 60 sflF ivc Bfrq ieh sfry qOr qrIky afpxf cuwikaf hY. bdysLI kMpnIaF dy sbMD ivc aYnrfn dI imsfl hmysLf Xfd rwKxI cfhIdI hY. Bfrq dy afm lokF nUM ieh hkIkq smJxI hovygI aqy dysL nUM afqminrBr bnfAux leI KLurI smfjk qbdIlI leI jqn krny pYxgy.
Bfrq `c muslmfnF dI mfVI hflq aqy swcr kmytI dI irport
Bfrq ivc jdoN vI muslmfnF bfry bihs qurdI hY qF afrMB ivc hI quawsbF df iÈkfr ho ky rih jFdI hY. Èfhbfno kys qoN lY ky bfbrI msijd, sFJy isvl koz qoN lY ky kÈmIr ƒ Dfrf 371 qihq imlI aKOqI KudmuKqfrI qk aqy Pyr burky qoN lY ky tYins iKzfrx sfnIaf imrËf vloN AucI srkt pihnx vrgy quwC muwidaF qk vI, aijhI bihs iPrkfpRsq smIkrnF ivc AulJ ky rih jFdI hY. muwdf BfvyN koeI vI hovy, Aus df aMqm nqIjf muslmfnF dy kTmuwlfvdI, jfhl, gMvfr aqy anpVH hox dy Pqvy ivc inkldf hY. kÈmIr qoN lY ky sMsd qk hoeIaF dihÈqgrd kfrvfeIaF jF muMbeI aqy idwlI vrgy ÈihrF ivc bMb DmfikaF dI crcf hovy qF BfrqI muslmfnF bfry iehI pRcfr suxn ƒ imldf hY, ijvyN ieh sfry hI pfiksqfn dI KuPIaf eyjMsI afeI[aYs[afeI[ dI byqnKfhI nPrI hox.
BfrqI muslmfnF ivruD aYnf pRcfr ho cuwØikaf hY ik jdoN vI AunHF df iËkr huMdf hY qF iehI pRBfv idwqf jFdf hY ik AunHF ƒ piqafieaf jf irhf hY. sMG pirvfr, Bfjpf, iÈv sYnf, ivÈv ihMdU pRIÈd aqy bËrMg dl afid df iswkybMd pRvcn irhf hY ik kFgrs pfrtI muslmfnF ƒ pCVyvyN ivc rwK ky AunHF ƒ votF leI ‘Xrgmfl` vjoN vrqdI af rhI hY. Bfjvf vloN muslmfnF dy pCVyvyN aqy AunHF dI vot isafsq leI durvrqoN sbMDI lgfey jFdy dyÈF ivc kfPI swcfeI hY, lyikn ies df dUsrf pwK vI AunF hI mjbUq hY ik Bfjpf dI ajokI siQqI vI arQfq ies dI sMsdI isafsq aMdrlI qfkq vI muslmfnF ivroDI DUMaFDfr pRcfr krky ihMdU jnqf ƒ zrf ky, ies ƒ ‘Xrgmfl` vjoN vrqx krky hI bxI hY.
aYn[sI[eI[afr[tI[ vloN krvfey srvyKx idKfAuNdy hn ik muslmfnF aMdr ividaf pRfpq krn dI rIJ iksy hor BfeIcfry nfloN Gwt nhIN hY. lyikn iek qF AunHF dI Gor gurbq aqy dUsrf mËhbI ivqkiraF sdkf 6-16 sfl dI Aumr gruwp dy 90 PIsdI muslmfn ividafrQI skUl Cwz jFdy hn aqy lVkIafF dI ieh dr hor vI vwD 95 PIsdI hY. Auprokq qwQ do dhfky purfxy hn. swcr kmytI vloN pyÈ kIqI irport ienHF qwQF dI puÈtI hI nhIN krdI, blik afriQk-smfijk ivkfs dy leI sUckF ivc AunHF dI igrfvt vwl ieÈfrf krdI hY kyNdrI sMsQfvF aMdr vIh sfl pihlF muslmfnF dI pRqIinDqf 5[45 PIsdI qoN Gt ky 4[2 PIsdI rih geI hY. hYrfnI qF ies gwl dI hY ik pwCmI bMgfl aMdr ‘KwibaF` dy qIh sfl rfj dOrfn,jnqk Kyqr dy adfiraF dIaF AuWc asfmIaF ivc muslmfnF dI igxqI ËIro PIsdI hY, jdoN ik iPrkU bKyiVaF df iÈkfr gujrfq ies qoN ikqy vDIaf qsvIr pyÈ krdf hY. afbfdI dy ilhfj nfl, adflqI sMsQfvF ivc, muslmfnF dI hflq hor vI mfVI hY. pwCmI bMgfl, asfm aqy jMmU kÈmIr aMdr muslmfnF dI mulfËmq kRmvfr 5[0, 9[4, 48[3 PIsdI hY, jdoN ik afbfdI 25[2, 30[9 aqy 66[97 PIsdI hY.
amrIkf aqy rUs ivckfr hiQafrF dI dOV-iek Gfqk vrqfrf
-krm brst
rUs dy rfÈtrpqI vlwoN afpxy dyÈ dIaF imËfielF dy mUMh XUrp vwl ƒ syD dyx dI DmkI nfl amrIkf ivÈyÈ krky pwCmI Kymy ivc KlblI mwc jfxf suBfivk sI. rUs dI ieh pRqIikiraf amrIkf vwloN polYNz aqy cYk gxrfj dI DrqI Aupr, nfto ÈkqIaF dy QVy aDIn bIVIaF Kqrnfk imËfielF dy sbMD ivc afeI hY. rUs ny iesy sfl hI pihlF bhumMqvI jMgI hiQafrF nfl lYs aMqr mhFdIpI bYilsitk imËfiel aqy Øiek nvIN krUË imËfiel dfg ky pwCmI Kymy ƒ BYaBIq kr idwqf sI. bfkI rihMdI ksr iek aijhf bMMb bxfky kr idwqI hY, ijsdf amrIkf kol vI qoV nhIN hY. amrIkf ny kuwJ vrHy pihlF iek aijhf bMb bxfieaf sI, ijsƒ hux qwk dy sfry ‘‘bMbF dI mF`` ikhf jFdf sI, lyikn rUs vwloN iqafr kIqy bMb ƒ sfry ‘‘bMbF df ipE`` dwisaf jf irhf hY. rUs vwloN nvIaF iqafr kIqIaF imËfielF agly cflI sflF qwk amrIkI hiQafrF df tfkrf krn dy smrwQ hn. rUs dI dlIl hY, ik Aus ny ieh kfrvfeI amrIkI ‘sfmrfj` dIaF afphudrIaF krqUqF ƒ Twlx leI kIqI geI hY.
sfl 1991 ivc sovIaq XUnIan dy iKMzfa nfl amrIkf ny hmlfvr phuMc apxf leI sI. rUs dI dhfikaF dI cuxOqI rihq srdfrI ƒ TuwT idKfAuNidaF, pUrbI XUrp dy sfbkf smfjvfdI dyÈF ƒ afpxI surwiKaf CwqrI aDIn kr ilaf sI. kfÌI smyN qoN Ausny bulgfrIaf aqy rumfnIaf ivc POjI awzy sQfipq krny ÈurU kIqy hoey hn. rUs df ihwsf rhy blkfn rfjF ivc ‘‘sMqrI iNenklfb`` ilafky, AuhnF ƒ afpxy KMBF hyTF kIqf hoieaf hY. rUs dIaF pwCmI eyÈIaFf hyTlIaF sfbkf iekfeIaF ƒ vI iek qrF afpxy jMgI jfl ivc Psf ilaf sI. AuhnF ƒ qF iek iek krky rUs ny afpxy pRBfv KyqrF ivc vfps lY aFdf hY.
1990ivaF dy iehnF GtnfkRmF sdkf rUs df ‘‘mhFÈkqI`` hox df ruqbf qF Kuwisaf hI sI, blik bhuqy isafsI pMzq qF Ausƒ kmËor dyÈF dI ÈRyxI ivc rwKx lwg pey sn. sfzy afpxy dyÈ dIaF hfkm jmfqF ny AudoN qoN hI Bfrq dI bdyÈ nIqI ƒ amrIkf dIaF ÈrqF muqfbk Zflxf ÈurU kIqf hoieaf hY. Bfrq amrIkf ivckfr hoeI gYr POjI prmfxUM sMDI amrIkf pwKI Jukfa df Aucqm rUp ikhf jf skdf hY. ÉYr vwzIaF qfkqF ivckfr huMdI iKcoqfx nvIN gwl nhIN hY. asl ivc nvF Bfxf qF ieh vfpiraf hY, ik rUs rÌqf rÌqf afpxI guafcI hoeI Èfn ƒ muV hfsl krn leI isrqoV Xqn kr irhf hY aqy kfÌI hwd qwk sÌl vI ho irhf hY.
agsq 1990 ivc ierfk vwloN kUvYq ƒ hVwp lYx nfl dunIaF Br dI kUtnIqk aqy rxnIqk iÌËf hI bdl geI sI. kUvYq ƒ mukq krvfAux dI afV hyTF amrIkf dI agvfeI aDIn sfry hI ivksq aqy ivkfsÈIl dyÈF ny ierfk Aupr POjI hmlf ivwZ idwqf sI. siQqI df ivaMg ieh sI, ik rUs ƒ nf cfhuMdy hoey vI afpxy pwky ‘‘ÈrIk`` amrIkf dI bolI bolxI peI sI aqy Auh afpxy ‘‘imwqr`` ierfk dy Ault KVx leI mËbUr ho igaf sI. ieko iek mhFÈkqI hox df ÊrUr amrIkf dy qqkflI rfÈtrpqI dy isr `qy ies kdr ciVHaf, ik Ausny jyqU aMdfj ivc aYlfn kr mfiraf ik ‘‘asIN hux iek DruvI sMsfr ivc pRvyÈ kr gey hF.`` isafsI aqy POjI Kyqr ivc ies bVHk df mqlb sI, ik rUs vwzI qfkq vjoN kOmFqrI idRÈ qoN alop ho igaf hY aqy cfr dhfikaF qoN cwlI af rhI hiQafrF dI dOV hmyÈf hmyÈf leI Kqm ho geI hY.
ajfrydfr pUMjIvfd aqy jMg dovyN hI nflo nfl cwldy hn. ies leI iek DruvI sMsfr pRbMD df dfavf aMÈk rUp ivc swc huMdf hoieaf vI, buinafdI qOr `qy drusq nhIN sI. jdoN qwk sfmrfjvfd mOjUd hY, AudoN qwk ivÈv ÈFqI dI klpnf hI nhIN kIqI jf skdI. ieh swc hY, ik pUMjIvfdI ivkfs df asfvFpx iek QF `qy ivkfs aqy dUjI QF `qy ivnfÈ ƒ jnm idMdf rihMdf hY. keI vfrIN aijhf vrqfrf sdIvI rUp ivc vI vfpr jFdf hY, ijvyN ik brqfnIaf lgfqfr afpxy inGfr vwl ƒ igaf hY, jdik jrmnI aqy jpfn do do vfr qbfh hoky vI, muV AuBrdy rhy hn. ies leI rUs df dubfrf kOmFqrI isafsq ivc af jfxf alokfrI gwl nhIN hY.
hiQafrF dI dOV dy Kfqmy dI pyÈygonoeI qwQF Aupr aDfrq nhIN sI. rUs dy prdy dy ipwCy cly jfx dy dOr ivc vI, jrmnI aqy PrFs dI agvfeI hyTly XUrpI sMG ny, kOmFqrI Kyqr ivc afpxy qyvr BfvyN kmËor hI shI, idKfAuxy ÈurU kr idwqy sn. ivÈv vpfr sMgTn dy mMc Aupr vfr vfr pYNdy rwty, amrIkf aqy XUrpI sMG dy afpsI ivroD hI hn. byÈk ieh ivroD TMZI jMg dy Ëumry ivc nhIN afAuNdy, Pyr vI iehnF ny, kOmFqrI msilaF ivc, amrIkf ƒ Aus iksm dI ‘‘nYiqkqf`` hfsl nhIN hox idwqI, ijho ijhI Ausny ierfk Aupr pihly hmly vyly pRfpq kIqI sI. amrIkf vloN ierfk aqy aPgfinsqfn ivc Ps jfx nfl, iehdy ‘jmhUrIaq dI bhflI ` dy imÈn dI imwtI plIq ho geI hY. iesdy ËrKrId buwDIjIvIaF vloN kIqIaF ‘‘ieiqhfs dy aMq`` dIaF BivwKbfxIaF puwTIaF pYx lwgIaF hn. Kud ies ‘isDFq` df pYrokfr PrFiss PUkoXfmf buÈ pRÈfÈn df alock bxn leI mËbUr ho igaf hY.
kOmFqrI pwDr `qy idno idn bdl rhy ÈkqIaF dy smqol ivc, amrIkf afpdI pRmfxUM POjI ÈkqI dy shfry iek DruvI sMsfr pRbMD ƒ bcfAux leI, ivksq dysF dy nfl hI, ivkfsÈIl dyÈF dIaF bfhF mroVx dI nIqI Aupr cwl irhf hY. amrIkf dy dbfa kfrn hI awj qwk rUs ƒ ivÈv vpfr sMgTn df mYNbr nhIN bxn idwqf igaf. iesdf kfrn hY ik pUiqn inËfm ny boirs XYlqisn dy kfrjkfl dOrfn kfiem hoey amrIkf pwKI afriQk grohF dy srgixaF ƒ jylF ivc sutvf idwqf sI. amrIkf iehnF hrkqF ƒ ‘‘ jmhUrIaq ivroDI`` aqy KuwlI mMzI leI rukfvt df nfm idMdf hY. iek hI muwdy Aupr ieh vwK vwK dyÈF nfl dUhrI nIqI Aupr cwl irhf hY. pRmfxUM msly Aupr hI Bfrq ƒ puckfrn aqy ierfk ƒ durkfrn vflI nIqI iedy vqIry dIaF Tos imsflF hn. ierfn df pRmfxUM mslf, aijhI nIqI kfrn hI kOmFqrI tkrfa vflf ibMdU bixaf hoieaf hY.
vfrsf pYkt dy iKMzfa nfl ijhVf Klfa pYdf hoieaf sI, Ausƒ iek hwd qwk Brn leI rUs aqy cIn dI agvfeI hyTlF ‘sMGfeI sihXog sMgTn` awgy vwD irhf hY. ieh kihxf qF smyN qoN pihlF dI gwl hovygI ik rUs cIn Durf jldI hI TMZI jF grm jMg ivc kuwd skdf hY, lyikn ‘hoxhfr ivrvfn` dy pYr iksy Kqrnfk idÈf vwl vwDx df sMkyq jrUr dy rhy hn. ies sMgTn ivc kudrqI qyl aqy gYsF nfl mflfmfl kyNdrI eyÈIaf dy cfr mulkF kjfKsqfn, AuËbyiksqfn, ikrigjsqfn aqy qfiËksqfn dI srgrm mOjUdgI, iek ÈkqIÈflI Druv dI AusfrI kr skdI hY. ies sMgTn ivc, Bfrq, pfiksqfn, mMgolIaf aqy ierfn ƒ abËrvr df drjf idwqf igaf hY. gwl kI, DrqI dy dwKxI pUrbI ihwsy aMdr rUs afpxy pRBfv KyqrF ƒ muV pwky pYrI kr irhf hY.
amrIkf ny rUs qy cIn dIaF Druv KVf krn dIaF iehnF koiÈÈF ƒ Èwk aqy gMBIrqf nfl lYNdy hoey, vfr vfr icqfvnI idwqI hY, ik ‘‘ Auh rUs afpxy qyl aqy gYs dy sroqF ƒ jwPf mfr ky, iehnF ƒ blYkmyl krn aqy DmkfAux leI iesqymfl nf kry. rUs Aupr ielËfm lgfieaf jFdf hY ik Auh ‘‘afpxy dyÈ aqy dUjy mulkF ivc jmhUrI ivkfs ƒ rok irhf hY, ijs krky iesdy amrIkf, XUrp aqy afpxy guaFZIaF nfl sbMDF Aupr burf asr pY irhf hY.``
gwl bVI spÈt hY ik kOmFqrI mMcF Aupr rUs ny kfPI hwd qwk aËfdfnf phuMc apxf leI hY, ijhnF ivc ierfn dI pRmfxUM nIqI dI hmfieq krnf, amrIkf vloN pfbMdIaF lgfAux dy bfvjUd vI ierfn dy pRmfxUM plftF dI AusfrI jfrI rwKxf aqy Ausƒ 700 arb zflr dIaF aYNtI eyarkrfPt imËfielF pRdfn krn leI sOdf klmbMd krnf. iesqoN vI vwD ky rUs ny PlsqIn dI nvIN bxI ‘hms` srkfr ƒ mfnqf dy ky, amrIkf dy ËKmF qy nmk lfieaf sI. rUs qoN ibnF , amrIkf ny cIn ƒ vI inÈfnf bxfAuFidaF ‘‘afpxI POjI jfxkfrI lukox aqy surwiKaf pRbMDF dy nvInIkrn bdly ‘‘iswty Bugqx``dI DmkI idwqI hoeI hY. amrIkI pRÈfÈn dy afhlf mMqrIaF vloN rUs aqy cIn ƒ DmkIaF dyxf aqy sMGfeI sihXog sMgTn dy mukfbly `qy bflitk aqy blkfn mulkF dI ‘ jmhUrI pRbMD leI kfmnvYlQ`` dI sQfpnf leI Xqn krny sDfrn aml nhIN hn. amrIkf qF XUrpI sMG dy ivroD ivc pUrbI XUrp dy dyÈF df vwKrf mMc KVf krn dIaF koiÈÈF vI kr irhf hY.
iehnF GtnfkRmF qoN Ëfhr ho irhf hY, ik dunIaF iek vfr Pyr 1946 dy Aus dOr vwl muV rhI hY, jdoN TMZI jMg df afgfË kIqf igaf sI, hux Prk isrP aYnf hY, ik jMgI morcy dy sQfn pUurbI XUrp qoN bdlky, sfbkf sovIaq sMG dy dysF vwl qbdIl ho rhy hn. kuwJ rfjnIiqk mfhrF df ivcfr hY, ik rUs POjI Kyqr ivc kdy vI amrIkf df mukfblf nhIN kr skdf, ikAuNik iehdy kol ieMny vwzy Krcy Jwlx leI afriQk sfDnF dI qot hY. ies dlIl ivc awj dI GVI dm nhIN irhf. ies vyly pUrf XUrp Kfs krky, jrmnI rUus vloN splfeI kIqy jFdy qyl aqy gYs Aupr inrBr hoky rih igaf hY. aKOqI smfjvfd dy Kfqmy qoN bfad, XUrp leI rUsI Kymy vwl prqx leI koeI ivcfrDfrk aiVwcx vI nhIN rhI hY. nvyN bx rhy kOmFqrI smIkrxF dI roÈnI ivc, amrIkf aqy rUs ivckfr ÈurU hoeI ÈbdI jMg ƒ hux isrP ÈkqI sMquln dI muV ZlfeI dI bjfey, pRBfv KyqrF dy ivsQfr leI lVI jf rhI TMZI jMg vjoN dyKxf cfhIdf hY.
jMg TMZI hovy jF grm, hmyÈf hI afm jnqf df Gfx krdI rhI hY. mnuwK dy ivkfs leI vrqy jfx vfly sroq, ivnfÈkfrI hiQafrF dy inrmfx leI vrqy jFdy hn. sfmrfjI ÈkqIaF vwloN ‘‘jmhUrIaq`` aqy ‘‘brfbrI`` leI kIqy jf rhy ZONg hux bynkfb ho gey hn. lokF ƒ afpxf BivwK bcfAux leI sfmrfjvfdI qfkqF df ivroD krnf cfhIdf hY. kyvl lokfeI df srbivafpk pRqIroD hI sfmrfjI dyÈF ƒ Gfqk hiQafrF dI aMnHI glI aqy jMg vwl iljFdy kdm cuwkx qoN rok skdf hY. ##### |
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