PrIdf mOqo BuwK burI   

joigMdr bfT hOlYNz

Kfx pIx dIaf vsqF dIaF kImqF hr vwZy vyly cVHdy sUrj nfl asmfny cVHdIaf jFdIaf hn. XorpIan XUnIan dy lIzr ies bfry icMqq hn. Auh kudrqI KyqI (mnsUeI Kfd aqy kIVymfr spryaf qo rihq) nMU bVoqrI dyx vfly afpxy pihly PYsLly AuWpr muV ivcfr kr rhy hn. ikANik jYivk KyqI vfsqy hux nflo iqwgxI Boey cfhIdI hY. 2006 ivwc  afeI aYm aYP’( ieMtrnYsLnl monItyar PMz) aqy ‘aYP ey A’(PUz aYgrIklcr aOrgfeIjysLn ‘XU-aYn’) qy nfl ‘jI swq’ dy nF nfl jfxI jFdI amIr dysLf dI jwQybMdI ny sMsfr ivwc vwD rhIaF KfD-pdfrQf dIaF kImqF AuWpr icMqF prgt kIqI sI aqy vD rhIaF kImqF nMu TwlH pfAux leI bdlvy qy kfrgr ZMg qrIky lwBx leI lMzn ivwc swqsMg kIqf sI. pr lgdf hY hux qwk kIqy sfry AVH pohV ivwarQ hI gey jfpdy hn ikAuNik mnuwKI Kurfk dIaF kImqF qF idwno idwn lgfqfr vwDI jf rhIaF hn. grIb dysLf dy kroVF lokF kolo aftf, dflF, KMz nMU KrIdx dI sLkqI Kqm huMdI jFdI hY qy Auh iZwz nMu gMZ dyx leI idno idn hor qo hor zfhzy mjbUr hoeI jFdy hn. grIb lokF dI qF hux sfrI dI sfrI kmfeI hI aftf, cOl, dflF PwkI jFdy hn ikAik 2004 qoN lY ky 2010 qwk byisk Kfd-pdfrQf dy Bfa do sO qo lY ky cfr sOa prsYLt vD gey hn ies vkq ieh BoKVy df dYNq qIsrI dunIaF ivwc afdm bo afdm bo krdf iPrdf hY.“PrIdF mOqo BuwK burI, rfqI swuqy Kf ky, idny iPr KVI” bfby PrId df ieh dohf dUnIaF Br dy BuwiKaF aqy grIbF nMU dMdIaF icVf irhf lgdf hY.

                    ieh gwl jwg jfhr hY 2002 qwk Xorp ivwc Kfx pIx dy Kfd pdfrQ nhfieq hI ssqy sn. ies qo bfad ieh acfnk CVwpy mfr ky asmfnI cVHn lwgy. 1974 qoN lY ky 2002 qwk myry afpxy muLlK hOlYz ivwc Kfx pIx df smfn vycx vfilaf vpfrIaF AWpr gOrimMt df kuMzf sI qy KfD pdfrQf dy Bfa iswky dy PYlfa nMU mwuK rwK ky hr sfl soDy jfdy sn. eysy krky hI mihgfeI nMU nwQ peI rihMdI sI qy kImqF siQr rihMdIaf sn. nflo nflo jLrfieqI XUnIvrstIaF AWqm iksm dy bIjF dIaF iksmF nMu lgfqfr soD ky pr eykV ijafdf JfV Xog vI bxfeI jfdIaF sn. vwDdI abfdI dy bfvjUd vI pYdfvfr aqy Kwpq df qvfjn lgfqfr bixaf aFAdf sI. pr iPr vI sfrf kuwC hux qwk qrwkI dy rfhy qurida hox dy bfvjUd vI BoKVf dunIaf qo Kqm nhI ho sikaf, hux vI sfry sMsfr ivwc 800 mIlIan lok BuwK nfl Guldy qy aFdrf dy kVvwl Jwldy,iZwz ivwc gozy dy ky sOx leI mjbUr hn.

ieh hflfq afKr pYdf hoey ikAN ?

ies bfry mfhrf dIaF vwK vwK DfrnfvF hn. sMsfr dI vwD rhI abfdI   ies df vwZf kfrn hY. ipwCly sflF ivwc Xukryn dysL uivwc mOsm dIaF KrfbIaF krky pYdfvfr bhuq Gwt hoeI hY. kwuC axidsdy kfrxF krky vI bhuq sfry dysLf dy irjLrv aMn BMzfrF vflIaF BVolIaF dy Qwly idwsx lwg pey hn. iewk dosL Xorp ivwc hor vI eysLIaF dy qrwkI kr rhy mulKF AuWpr mwiVHaF jFdf hY, aKy cIn aqy ihMdosqfn dy lok hux lgfqfr amIr ho rhy hn aqy Auh vI mfs,mwCI aqy duwD pnIr nMU mUMh mfrn lwg pey hn. pMjfbI dI iewk khfvq hY ‘jy gDIaF vVyvyN Kfx lwg peIaF, qF GuimafrF df qF idvflf inkljU’ XfnI-ik  ieh lwKUKF lok jo pihlF sLfkfhfrI kMd mUl KFdy, BwuK NnMg nfl Guldy idwn ktI krI jFdy sn. hux pYsf afAux kfrn ieh gFDI vI mIt murgf Bfldy hn qy vwDdI mMg nMu pUrF krn leI Kfx vfly anfj dI jgfh ijafdf DrqI AWupr duDfrU aqy gosLq pYdf krn vfly zMgr pflxy pY rhy hn. anfj nfLlo psLUaF nMu pflx vfsqy dugxI DrqI cfhIdI hY. ies krky vI dunIaF ivwc KfD-pdfrQf dy Bfa vwDdy jFdy hn. gF,sur dy gosLq dy nfl nfl soieafbIn qoN bxy pdfrQf dI mMg vwDx krky brfjLIlIaf ivwc soieabIn bIjx vfly iksfnF ny ies PslL dI KyqI df rkbf dwugxf kr idwqf hY.

                  dunIaF Br ivWc anfjL dy Bfa vwDx df iewk kfrx hor ieh vI hY. mltInYsLnl KfD-pdfrQF dy vpfrIaf df qMdUaF jfl pUrI dunIaF ivwc byrok tok PYl irhf hY. ieh aFAudI PLsl mMzIaF ivwco vfh lwgdI sfrI dI sfrI hI KrId ky afpxy vfqfankUl storF ivwc jLKIr lYdy hn. ieh jLKIry-bfj jfdUgrF vfg pMj rupY iklo aflUaF nMU KrId ky pMjfh grfm aflU icps df pYikt dws rupY dy ihsfb nfl do sO rUpY ikwlo vycx df qwslIbwKsL gur jfxdy hn. ieh icps Kfx dI afdq ieMnHF ny mobfiel Pon dy nfl nfl sfrI dunIaF dy arbF grIbF nMU vI pf idwqI hY. ijs qrF plfsitk dI nlI nfl bwcF sVHfkf mfr ky kokf kolf dI afKrI bMUd qwk boql ivwco iKwc lYdF hY TIk Ausy qrF ieh jfdUgr grIb lokF dI iZwz nMu Julkf dyx vflI aOKI kmfeI afKrI pYsLy qwk, AunHF dy gol gMZ dy ky rwKy gIiJaF ivwco vI msLhUrI dI nlI nfl cUsI jFdy hn. ieh dunIaF ivwc pihlI vfr vfpiraf hY. ienFH jfdUgrF dy axidsdy hwQF ny grIbf dy mUMh ivwc pYx vflIaF burkIaF vI AunHF dy jvfkF dy poitaf ivwco mobfiel Pon dI irMg ton suxf ky Koh leIaF hn. rotI dI QF AunHF dy hwQf ivwc mobfiel Pon PVf idwqy hn. ieh sMsfr iewk ipMz( globfeIjysLn) bxn df svfd grIb lokF nMU cKfieaf jf irhf.

                       awj dI ies Kurfk dI mihgfeI nMu ieh lok globl PUz krfeIss df nF idMdy hn. ies krfeIss df iewk hor vI mn nMU lwgdf kfrx hY Auh hY ‘bfieA eIDn’ jo Kfx vflIaF PslF dy bIjF qo iqafr kIqF jFdf hY. ieh bfieA alkohl ( Kfls sOa pRqIsLq sLrfb) aqy bfieA zIjLl, kxk ,gMny, aflUaF, sLkrkMdI, Kopy, soieafbIn, psLUaF dI crbI, srHO, qorIaF, goBI dy bIjF aqy hor imwTy Xukq bnspqI qo bxfieaf jFdf hY. ies bfieA bflx dI KyqI ny bMidaF dF iZwz Brn dI bjfey kfrF, trwkF, tRYktrF dy vwZy iZwz Brny surU kr idwqy hn. iPlpfien ivwc purfxyy mINh dy jMglF nMU kwt ky Kopy dy drwKq lfey jf rhy hn. purfxI bnspqI aqy Aus afsry rihx vfly jIv jMqUaF df vwZy pwDr qy Gfq ho irhf hY. mYksIko dI sfrI mwkI amrIkF ny ies bflx nMU bxfAux vfsqy KrId leI, ies krky mYksLIko ivwc troqolIaF (mYksLIkn mwkI dI rotI) df Bfa rfqo rfq cfr sO guxf vwD igaf qy AuQy amrIkf aqy mYksLIkx srkfr dy iKlfP mujfhry hox lwg pey. arjntfienF ivwc lokF ny KflI Bfzy KVkf ky srkfr dy iKlfP pfrlImYNt hfAus qwk jf ky afpxf ros jfhr kIqf. Xorp ivwc vI ies df asr ipaf kwukVf aqy gFvf sUrF nMu mwkI pfeI jfdI hY. mwkI mihgI aFzf mihgf, murgf sur, gF  gwl kI hr iksm df gosLq dwugxy Bfa ivwkx lwgf. aftF mihMgf , zblrotI mihMgI, afty nfl bxn vflIaf sfrIaf sLYaF sNyvIaf (nUzljL) kyk ibskut  gwl kI bhuq ipafr nfl pIx vflI jrmn aqy hOlYz dI nYsLnl zirMk bIar dy Bfa vI zyV guxf vwD gey. pMjFbI dI khfvq vFg ‘awg jlMDr lwgI DUMaf biTMzy inklx lwgf. qIjI aqy grIb dunIaf leI ieh bhuq hI mfrU sfbq ho irhf hY. AunHF df qF pihlf hI TUTy nfl knflf vwjI jFdf sI. BwuK nfl bwicaf dy  mfVkU srIr swp kwZx vflIaF bInF dI sLkl Dfrdy jFdy hn. ikANik Kurfk dI kmI df asr swB qoN vwD grBvwqI aOrqF aqy grIb bwicaf qy pYNdf hY. ihMdosqfn dy KyqIbfVI mMqRI sLrd kumfr vrgy mihMgfeI dy mfmly ivwc koeI pwkI rok QFm krn dI bcfey hr mwisaf bdnfmI KWtx vFg nvyN qo nvyN ibafn dy ky BfrqI grIbF dF qrfh kwZI jFdy hn. pMjfh rUpY iklo KMz,pMcI rupY ikwlo duwD vIh rupY ikwlo aftf aqy awsI rUpY ikwlo ibmfrf dI Kurfk DoqI mUMgI ivwk rhI. pfrlImYt dI rsOeI ivwc awj vI dysL dy lIzrF nMU sLfkfhfrI QflI dws qoN pMdrF rUpY aqy mfsfhfrI CwqI pdfrQF nfl atI QflI bfeI rUpY aqy cfh df kwp iewk rupY ivwc imldf hY. kfsL ihMdosqfn dy kroVf grIb lokF nMU vI eysy ryt ivwc dysI iGAu nfl bxI Kurfk imldI qF Auh vI mihMgFeI dy iKlfP sLrd kumfr dy puqly sfVn dI bjfey ieh myrf ieMzIaF afeI lv mfeI ieMzIaf sLfhruK Kfn vfg gFAudy iPrdy . pfiksqfn,bMglf dysL, aPrIkF  gwl kI pUrI qIjI dUnIaF hI bftIaF cuwk cuwk aftf, dfl, cOl mMgx leI mjbUr hoeI peI hY. ies vkq sfrI dUnIaf ivwc iewk arb lok BuK dIaF kVvlF df njLfrf lY rhy hn aqy cflI imlIan lok hr sfl BoKVf nf Jwlx kfrn mOq dy mMUh ivwc jf pYdY hn. BuwKy mrn nflo hor Blf ikhVI nrko pry dI mOq ikafs kIqI jf skdI hY. ies mnsUeI mihMgfeI nMU PYlfAux vfly ieh mltInYsLnls sfDn rihq mnUwKqf dy iKlfP iewk nf mfPIXog gunfh kr rhy hn. afpxI hI nsLl nMU BuwKy mfr ky mfr dyxf ieh gux qf jfnvrF ivwc vI nhI hY. Xorp ivwc  aslI kfrn Kfx vfly pdfrQF dI mihgfeI df mYnMU ieho hI  lgdf hY. cInIaF ihMdosqfnIaF nMU qF aYvy bwdU kIqf jf irhf hY. jy afpxy afp nMU pihlI dunIaF khfAux vfly amIr mulK dunIaF dIaf swB inafmqF df svfd mfnxf cfhuMdy hn qF nvdOlqIey cInI  ihMdI ikAuN ipwCy rihx ? svfd ieMdrIaF qF dunIaf dy hr pRfxI nMU hI lwgIaF hoeIaF hn. isrP KrIdx dI prOKo hoxI cfhIdI hY. sfbkf amrIkx pRYjILzYt jorj busL ny ijafdf Kfx vflI ieh qohmq cInI ihMdI lokF AuWpr lfAux lwigaF Borf vI sLrm nhI KfDI. jy Xorp amrIkF dy lok rwj ky KfxF hMZfAuxf cfhMudy hn qF sMsFr dy hor lok ikAN huMidaF suMidaf afpxy iZwzF nMU gMZ mfrn.  pihlf sMsfr arbf vwlo afpxy qyl dy mnmrjLI dy Bfa lYx qoN vI dUKI   hY. ieh arbF qo afpxI qyl dI inrBrqf dUjy bdl lwB ky GtfAyxf cfhMudf hY qf jo ierfk jMg vrgIaf mihMgIaF jMgF qo bwicaf jf sky. ieh bIA eIDn mwD eysLIaf dy dysLf AuWpr ienHf dysLf dI inrBrqF vI GtfAudF hY. DrqI hyTly qyl BMzfrF dI vI bwcq krdf hY qy dUsRrf ieh pRdUsLn vI nf mfqr hI PYlfAudf hY. amrIkF ieh eIDn mwkI qo bxfAudf hY. sLvIzn ieh kxk qo,jrmnI aqy kusL hor dysL goBI dI nsLl qy srHO afid qoN bfeIA zIjLl bxf rhy hn. ienHF sfiraf qoN dws guxf ijafdf brfjLIlIaF gMny qo pYtrol (aYQfnol) bxFAudf hY bysLk Auh sdIaf purfxy jMglF nMU kwt ky vfhI jog jLmIn bxf ky vfqfvrx pRymIaf dy kihx vFg dunIaF dy vfqfvrx ivwc ivgfV pYdf kr irhf hY. XOrp ivwc2010 qwk 5,75 prsYt gwzIaF bfieA bflx qy clfAux df tIcf hY. brfjLIlIaF ivwc qF hux vI 18 prsLYt vhIkl bfieA pYtrol (aYQynol) Xfin ky dysI lfhx AuWpr cwl rhy hn.

qy hux iPr mihgfeI nMU nwQ pfAux leI hovy kI ?

ies qo pihlf lokfeI DrqI nMU isrP iqMn kMmf leI vrqdI sI, KyqIbfVI, afvfjfeI,qy kudrqI jMglF leI, pr hux do PMksLn hor ivwc juV gey hn kYmIkl aqy bfieA bflx. kYmIkl adfry (zupont aqy bI ey aYs aYP) pihlF hI afpxy kYmIkl prozkt qyl dI bjfey pOidaf qo hfsl kr rhy hn. Auh qyl qy inrBr nhI hn. jrfieqI kudrqI KyqI ijs leI hux nflo iqMn guxf ijLafdf vfhIXog jLmIn cfhIdI hY qy ijs df JfV vI bhuq Gwt hMudf hY qy ies dy Bfa vI afm qF kI imzlklfs dy lokF dI vI phuMc qo bfhr hn. ijs df goBI df PuwLl hI pMj XUrO Xfin-ky 370 rupY qo Gwt nhI hY kOx KrIdygf ? ieh qf amIr lokF jo tuwk nMu cuwc kihx vfilaf dy cocly hn. ijMnHf nMU jy koeI grIb pwuCy ik mYnUM rotI nhIN imldI qf ago slfh dyxgy ibskut KfA. awj dI GVI dunIaf Br ivwc vwD rhI Kurfk dI loV nMU mwuK rwKidaF ies KyqI df eyjMzf vI dunIaf Br nMU awgy pf dyxf cfhIdf hY,jdo qwk sfry sMsfr dy BuwKy iZwzF nMU rwjvf Julkf nhIN idwqf jf skdf. mltInYsLnls Bojn dy jLKIrybfjf dI pYV kwZ ky AunHF nMU mnuwKqF dy iKlfP aprfD krx dy dosL ivwc aMqrfstrI adflqf ivwc GVIsnf cfhIdf hY aqy ZwukvIaF sjfvf dvfAux leI lok XwuD CyVnf pvygf. gRInpIs vrgIaF aMqrrfsLtrI jMQybMdIaF nMU koeI pwuCy ik qUsI jfnvrF bnspqI aqy vfqfvrx bfry qF bhuq rOlF pfAudy ho pr dunIaF Br ivwc psr rhy BoKVy bfry qUsI cuwp ho. ijs qrF hux dunIa ivwc, Kfs krky ihMdosqfn, cIn ivwc duwD qo bxIaF vsqF gosLq dflf,cOlf dI mMg lgfqfr vwD rhI hY aqy nflo nfl pUrI dunIaF dI abfdI ivwc vI irkfrz qoV vfDf ho irhf hY, ijQy hr sfl miraf nMu kwZ ky 77 mIlIan Kfx vfly hor iensfnI mUMh pYdf ho rhy hn, ijQy ieh iPkr ipaf hY 2020 qwk hux dy mukfbly jy KfD-pdfrQf dI Aupj dwugxI nf kIqI geI qF KfD-pdfrQf nMU hfsl krn leI afpo DfpI vflf mhOl pYdf ho skdf hY rotI bdly kqlF, (ijvy Bucfl aqy akfl qo bfad dy hflfq ivwc hMudfhY) qwk dI nObq af skdI hY. ieh hrI sLfqI (grInpIs) vfly ies bfry vI morcy lfAux. bfieA bflx, jo Kfx vfly anfj qo iqafr kIqf jFdf hY XorpIan XUnIan nMU ies Aupr mukMml pfbMdI lfAuxI cfhIdI hY. ieh bfieA bflx pMj iklo duwD vyc ky pAuaf sLrfb df KrIdx vrgI hflq hY. ies bfieA bflx dI dUjI pIVI (sylU-losy alkohl) jo pOidaf dy bIjF qo nhI Aus dy Pokt pdfrQF qixaF aid qo iqafr kIqI jfdI hY ijs dIaF rIPfeInrIaf dy nksLy ivigafnIaF ny iqafr kr ky srkfrF dIaf myjLf Aupr rwKy pey hn kuWC rIPfnrIaF ies sfl 2010 qwk afpxy prozkt mfrkIt ivwc Auqfrn leI vI AuqfvlIaF hn nMU bVfvf dyxf bxdf hY. pOx-aYnrjI,sUrj dI solo aYnrjI nMU vwD qo vwD sbsIzIaf dy ky CyqI qo CyqI globfl vrqo leI qrwdq krny cfhIdy hn. BoKVf hux pUry sMsFr dF mslf hY. jy sMsfr iewk ipMz hY jF dunIaf dy isafxy aqy sqkfrXog lIzr ies nMU hkIkI ipMz bxfAuxf cfhuMdy hn qF ienFH vwzy jI-awTf nMu hI nhI agy bnx vfly jI-vIhf nMU bYT, isr joV ky BoKVy dy iKlfP aMqrrfsLtrI pwDr qy nvyN progrfm bxfAuxy pYxgy. iewk hor bdl hY ‘jnYtIkl Bojn’ jo afAux vfly smNy ivwc vwD rhI abfdI df iZwz Br skdf hY. Aus iKlfP vI ieh vfqfvrn bcfAu jf kudrq nfl pRym krn vflIaF jMQybMdIaF bgYr iksy qrk qo rOlHf pf rhIaf hn. aYs vKq pUry sMsfr sfhmxy ieh ‘mslf rotI df’ mwgrmwC ijwzf mMUh awzI KVf hY, ikwqy bfby PrId dy kihx vFg dunIaF dy grIb lokF nMU kfT(lwkV) dI rotI aqy lohy cny nf ijLAudy rihx leI cbfAuxy pYx?

                                                        joigMdr bfT hOlYz

ijhVy rog nfl bwkrI mr geI

joigMdr bfT hOlYNz   

sMsfr ivwc bVIaF bVIaF ajIb aqy mhFmfrU ibmfrIaF pYdf ho rhIaF hn. purfxy jLmfinaF ivwc kudrqI afPqF,Bucflf, awgF,jMgF nfl mnuwKqf aqy psLU pirMidaF df nfsL hMudf sI. qwpidk,hYjLf,plyg, cyck vrgIaF PnHF krU ibmfrIaF ipMzF dy ipMz KflHI kr idMdIaF sn aqy ‘bFrI kohI dIvf blx’ vflIaF khfvqF swc kr ivKfAudIaF sn. polIAu,awDrMg,aMDrfqF,aqy kohV vrgIaF afPqF mnuwKF nMU mrno vI bdqr rINg rINg ky ijLMdgI ijAux leI mjbUr kr idMdIaF sn. ieho ijhIaF CUq dIaF ibmfrIaF aFm krky isrPL ipMzF sLihrF ivwc iekwTy QoVHI jgfh ivwc rihx vfly smfijk pRfxIaf Kfs krky mnwuKI jIvF df hI Gfq krdIaf sn. jMglI jfnvrF pMKyrMUaF AWupr ienHF afPLqF df koeI asr nhIN pYNdf sI. ikAuNik jfnvr aqy pirMdy jMglF ivwc KuwlHy asmfnF Qwly syhqmMd vfqfvrx ivwc ivcrdy sn. mn BfAuNdf KFdy sn qy mOsm dI qbdIlI nfl ijwDr ijwDr nMU vI AunHF df irjLk leI jFdf sI dfxf cugdy kMd mUl qy kwK pWTf crdy hjLfrF mIlF ivwc pwsry jMgl ivwc afp muhfry qury iPrdy sn. Gfh KorF nUM Gfh vfDU sI qy mfsKorF nMU mfs. mfsfhfrI isLkfrI jfnvr isrPL afpxy iZwz qwk hI sImq sn. sLyr, cIqy,bfG bfj isrP Audo hI isLkfr qy Jwptdy sn jwd AunHF nMU BuwK sqfAudI sI. afpxf Bojn hfsLl krn leI AunHF nMU mfnisk aqy srIrk qOr qy BfrI qrwdq krnf pYNdf sI qy keI vfrIy qF PwtV hoieaf isLkfr vI bfGF, cIiqaF,bwbr sLyrF nMU ZuwzF mfr ky AuhnF dy jbfiVHaF ivwco inkl jFdf sI qy mrn qwk kFvf igrJF dI Kurfk bx ky afpxy afp hI trfsLport hMudf rihMdf sI. ijvyN kihMdy hMudy hn ‘pMCI qy drvysL kdy irjLk nf bMnx nfl’ jdo iZwz Br jFdf sI ruk ky arfm kr lYdyN sn qy iPr Gfh dfxy dI Bfl ivwc agy qur pYNdy sn. Ado sUrj dy Audy hMuidaf aqy sMiDaf nMU iCwpx qwk sfrf jMgl gFAudf hMudf sI. pMCIaF,mnuwKF,jnOrF dy mUMho afp muhfrIaF inklIaF avfjF df ieh mhF-sMgIq kudrq dI qfl nfl qfl imlfAudf anhd nFd ho inbVdf sI. sfzf GumMkVH bfbf nfnk dysL ivdysL gfhuidaF BvKMzxf dy ies Byq nMU pf igaf sI qy Aus ny afpxI mhFn rcnf’kYsI afrqI hoey qyrI BvKMznf’ ivwc ies bRihmMzI sLgIq nMu ivafiKaf sI. qy hux ?

           kihMdy bwkrIaF ByzF nMU vI ‘ikAu-kurts’nF dF jukFm ho igaf hY qy Auh murdf mymxNy aqy lyly jMm rhIaf hn jo ‘kokseylf burnYtI’ nF dy bYktIrIaF nfl aty pey hn. ieh bYktIrIaf hI ies ikAU-kurts nF dI ibmfrI dIaF jVHF hn. ienHF bYktIrIaF dI lfg nfl ieh jukFm iensfnF nMU vI ho irhf hY. mYksIkx jukFm aqy sUrF dy PlU df puafVf ajy inbiVaf nhIN qy ieh iewk hor hI nvIN ibwj af peI hY. zfktrF dy kihx muqfbk hOlYNz ivwc ies rog df pqf do hjLfr swq ivwc lwigaf sI Ado ies CUq dI ibmfrI nfl grwsy iewk sO swqr lok lwBy sn qy hux do hjLfr nO qwk aFAuidaf ieh igxqI bfeI sO ho geI hY ijnHF ivwco nO iensFn hux qwk rwb nMU ipafry ho cuwky hn. jo pihlF vI iksy hor ibmfrIaF nfl ibmfr qy kmjLor sn. aFm syhqmMd bMdy AuWpr ies ikAu-kurts jukFm df koeI bhuqf mfrU asr nhIN pYNdf. mfihr ieh vI dwsdy hn ies CUq dI ibmfrI dy iktfxU jfnvrF qo bMdy nMU qf lwg skdy hn pr bMdy qo bMdy nMU nhIN lwg skdy. Kqrf isrPL AunHF lokF nMU hY jo ByzF bwkrIaf pfldy hn jF buwcVKFinaf aqy ienHF dy gosLq dIaf dukfnF qy kMm krdy hn. ipWCly nO idsMbr nMU ies mulKL dy KyqI-bfVI aqy syhq mMqrIaF ny sFJf ieh hukm suxfieaf hY ik muLlKL ivwc ijMnIaF vI bwkrIaF, ByzF ies jukFm dIaf mrIjL hn kql kr idwqIaF jFx. ies hukm anusfr sfry hOlYNz dysL ivwc pYNqI hjLfr bwkrIaF dI mOq atwl hY. ijnHF ivwc bfrF hjLfr bok vI hn. bokF nMU ies krky bwkrIaF dy nfl hI sqI kIqf jf irhf hY, ijvy pMjfbI dy ies gIq dI lfien qy aml kIqf jf irhf hovy ‘ijhVy rog nfl bwkrI mrgI AuhI rog pTory nMu’ jykr Auh nvIaF ilafdIaF bwkrIaf nMU nvyN-duwD krngy qF ibmfrI dy ijvfxU AuhnF dy vIrjL dy nfl hI nvIN pnIrI ivwc vI cly jfxgy qy dubfrf nvIN nsLl vI ibmfr hI jMmygI. ies nfdrsLfhI hukm nfl bwkrIaf dy afjVIaF ivwc sog dI lihr dOV geI hY ikANik keIaf dy qF qbyly hI KfLlI ho jFxy hn `qy duwD vfly BFzy mUDy vwj jfxy hn. ikAuNik pUry dysL ivwc kwul 1360 qbyilaf ivwco hux qwk 80 qbyly ies ibmfrI dy iktfxUaF nfl gRsy pfey gey hn. ienHF awsI qbyilaF ivwc ijMnIaF vI syhqmMd jF ibmfr bwkrIaF hn nMU srkfrI aPsrF dI hfjLrI ivwc kql krn aqy KLfky-spurd krn df hukm hY. afjVI ies gwloN vI dwuKI hn ik ibmfr bwkrIaf dy nfl nfl syhqmMd bwkrIaF nMU vI ikAN blI dIaF bwkrIaF bxfieaf jf irhf hY. kfhlI ivwc ley ies PYNsly muqfbk hryk ibmfr bwkrI jF Byz dy mflk nMu pr-jFnvr iqMn sOa qoN lY ky Cya sO XUrO muafvjf idwqf jfvygf. pihly PYsLly muqfbk bwkrIaf nMU aYNtI-bktIrIaf dy tIky lf ky kusL mhIinaF dI mohlq idwqI jfvygI, qy afjVI AunHF nMu bwucVKfny vyc ky afpxf Gftf pUrf kr lYxgy qy hOlI hOlI nvF iewjV vI BrqI kr lYxgy. pr hux cikqsk mfhrF dy msLvry muqfbk Kqrf vwZf hY qy iensfnF dI syhq nfl syhq mMqRI iksy vI iksm df iKlvfV krn df irsk nhIN lY skdf. ies df mwqlb hY bwkrIaF-bokF dI mOq atwl hY. ikRsims aqy nvyN sfl dy do do idwn Cwz ky ieh kMm kuwC hI hPiqaF ivwc nbyV idwqf jfvygf qy nfl mOq df qrIkf vI aYlfn kr idwqf igaf hY, ik iksy vI jfnvr nMU golI nfl nhIN mfiraf jfvygf AunHF nMU tIky lF ky anMdmeI mOq idwqI jfvygI. afjVIaF leI ieh idRsL hor vI iBafnk hovygf ikAuNik ieh sfrIaf ibmfr bwkrIaF AunFH dIaF awKF dy sfhmxy AunHF dy afpxy hI qbyilaF ivwc mOq dy Gft AuqfrIaF jfxgIaf. ijAuNdIaF bwkrIaF nMU trFsport krky dUjy QF iljf ky kql krn df mwqlb hY ies ibmfrI dy iktfnMUaf nMU sfry dysL ivwc iKlfrxf, ikAuNik ipCly sflF ivwc jdo Xorp ivwc sUrF aqy gFvf nMU pfglpn aqy mUMh-Kur dI ibmfrI peI sI qF AunHF nMu bVI byrihmI nfl trwkF ivwc lwd ky krynF nfl vwZIaF kbrF ivwc suwtidaF tI vI AWpr ivKfieaf igaf sI, aKy Ado lokF ny bhuq burf mnfieaf sI ik jfnvrF dI vI koeI iewjq hMudI hY.

ieh ibmfrI hY kI ? aqy ikwQo afeI ? hux qwk sfry Xorp ivwco hfl dI GVI hOlYNz ivwc hI ies ibmfrI dy ijafdf kys pfey gey hn. kusL sfl pihlf ies ibmfrI dy lwCx afstRylIaf dI styt kueInjL lYNz dy birsbyn sLihr dy buwcVKfny ivwc lwBy sn. pr Aus vwkq ies ibmfrI bfry bhuqf igafn hFsl nhIN sI. ies krky kueInjL lYNz ivwc ies ibmfrI dy lWBy jfx krky ies df nF ikAU-kurts ( ikAUrIas-jukFm) pY igaf. ies ibmfrI df hfl dI GVI koeI vI pwkf ielfj nhIN lwiBaF igaf hY. kfrx ies df mfhr ieh dwsdy hn ik QoVI QF ivwc vDyry jfnvr rwKx nfl ieho ijhIaF CUUq dIaF ibmfrIaf zMgrF ivwc PYlHdIaF hn. hux ies mulKL dy mOsLm muqfbk jfnvrF nMU akqUbr qo lY ky apRYl qwk aMdrI rwKxF pYdF hY. vwZy qy KuwlHy qbyly bxfAuxy bhuq mihMgy hn. ies krky cfr pYsLY kmfAux dy cwkr ivwc sOa jFnvrf dI jgfh ivwc ssiqaf qy jugfVI qbyilaF ivwc zyVH sOa jfnvr rwKxf pYNdf hY. ibmfrIaF qoN bcfAux leI jFnvrF nMU QwibaF dy Qwby aYNtI-bYktIrIaF dy tIky lfey jFdy hn. hux jF qF jwt KwulHy qy hvfdfr qbyly bxfAux jo bhuq mihMgy hn qy jF iPr sfrI dunIaF duwD,pnIr, qy mfs KFxf Gwt kry qy ienHF pdfrQF dy Bfa vwDx. hux ‘jwt dI jUn bUrI, hlH vfh ky crHI dI pMz ilafvy’ vflI hflq bxI peI hY. jwtF leI KyqIbfVI dF DMdF pUrI dunIaF ivwc hI lfhy vflf afhr nhIN irhf. ieQy ipwCy ijhy duwD dI kImq nUM lY ky XorpIan XunIan dy dPqr dy sfhmxy iksfnF ny mujfhry kIqy sn. afpxf ros jqfAux leI hjLfrF lItr duwD dI sprya gvfilaF ny afpxy KyqF ivwc hI kr idWqI sI. cflHI cfLlHI gFvf vfly gvfilaF nMU vI ieh DMdF rotI nhIN dy irhf. ies mulKL ivwc awj qo qIh cflHI sFl pihlF koeI vI jwt ByzF bwkrIaF dF vpfr nhIN krdf sI aqy nf hI hOlYNz ivwc ByzF bwkrIaF df gosLq, duwD, pnIr sLfm nMU ies mulKL dy bfisLidaF dy Kfx vfly myjL df isLgfr bxdf sI. swTivaF qo bfad jdoN qurkI,morfko, aPrIkf qo kFmy ieQy afAuxy sLUru hoey AunHF dI Kurfk ivwc Byz bwkrI df dwuD,pnIr qy gosLq KfsL aMg sn. ieQy qF khfvq ieh sI ‘jwt ikMnf vI grIb hovy KFdf Auh sUr df mfs hI hY’ vwZI CFl jF aXfsLI bIP-stuk (gF df mfs) sI. ByzF bwkrIaF jy iksy rwKIaF vI sn qF sOLkIaF afpxy bwicaF dF mn- pRcfAux leI jF bwicaF dy icVIaf GrF ivwc. holI hOlI ijvyN ijLvy pRvfsI eyQy afAudyN gey ienFH jFnvrf dy gosLq, pnIr, dwuD dI mMg vwDdI geI. ieQo dy jwtF ny gFvf sUrF dy nfl nfl Byzf bwkrIaF vI pflxIaF sUru kr idwqIaF. vyKidaF vyKidaF hI KyqF, nihrF, smuMdr dy bMnHF AWupr Bfry vfhny vflIaF zwb KVwbIaF gFvf dy nfl nfl ByzF bwkrIaF vI crdIaF njLrI pYx lwgIaF. vwDdI mMg nMu mwuK rwKidaF hOlI hOlI vwzy vwzy hjLfrf hI ByzF bwkrIaF dy qbyly (vfVy) ieQy AuWsrn lwgy qy ieh DMdf gFvf sUrF dy mukfbly vfhvf PfiedymMd sfbq hoieaf. myz ien hOlYNz df bwkrIaf-ByzF df pnIr, duwD qy gosLq rUslYNz spyn sfAQ aPrIkf nMU drfmd hox lwigaf. ies nvyN DMdy ny ajy rPqfr hI PVI sI ik Aupro ieh ieh ikAU-kurts vflI gfjL af peI.

                              aMnHy munfPy nMu muwK rwKidaF vwZy vwZy duwD aqy mfs pYdf krn vfly Pfrm KolHy jf rhy hn. sMGxI abfdI aqy bhuq sfry jfnvr ieWkTy rwKx nfl ieho ijhIaF ibmfrIaF pnpdIaF hn. knyzf,amrIkf,afstrylIaf, inAujLIlYNz dy mukfbly eyQy Xorp ivwc sMGxI abfdI hY aqy DrqI QoVHI. eysy krky ipWCilaF simaF ivwc jfnvrF nUM eyQy ieho ijhIaf mhFmfrIaF df sfhmxf krnf pY irhf hY, qy jfnvrF qo ieh bIA-dihsLqvfd bMidaF nMU vI icMbV irhf hY. asl ivwc XorpIan XUnIan nMU Xorp ivwc vwZy vwZy zMgrF dy PfrmF AuWpr pfbMdI lfAuxI cfhIdI hY. lokF nMU afpxI Kurfk ivwc qbdIlI ilafAuxI pYxI hY, jy lok hr roj sLfm nMU afpxI plyt ivwc ssqf mfs Bflxgy qF ieho ijhIaF ibmfrIaF leI iqafr rihx. hfl dI GVI qF ieho ijhIaF ibmfrIaF df ielfj lwiBaf jf irhf hY. kudrq nf kry jy Blk nMU ieho ijhI hI koeI lf-ielfj ibmfrI iensfnF ivwc PYl geI ijs df koeI POrI ielfj nf lwiBaf igaf, qF ‘anMdmeI mOq’ dy tIky bwkrIaF dI ibjfey ikqy ibmfr bMidaF nMU hI nf afpxy hwQI lfAuxy pY jfx ?. 

                           joigMdr bfT hOlYNz             

KrbUjf qy cfkU   

-joigMdr bfT hOlYNz

hOLlYz ivwc sqMbr dy qIjy mMglvfr ieQo dI rfxI afpxy pUry jfho-jlfl nfl rfj krdI pfrtI vwlo iqafr kIqf agly sFl df bwjt tYlIivXn Aupr sfry dysL dI Kwlkq nMu pVH ky suxfAudI hY. ijs nMU ‘qronryzy’ ikhf jfdf hY. ies qo pihlF bwjt dI iBxk qwk vI mIzIaf aqy ivroDI iDr nMU nhIN lwgx idwqI jFdI. ipwCly sfLlF ivWc iewk do vfr ieh bwjt suhIey pwqrkfrF dI myhrbfnI nfl rfxI dy pVHx qo

gyrt ivlzr

pihlF lIk vI ho cwUikaf sI ijs df afm lokF aqy isafsqdfnF vwlo bhuq burf mnfieaf igaf sI. KYr ies qrF rfxI vwlo sn 1948 qo hryk sFl ieh bwjt pVH ky sunfAuxf hux ies mulK dI trzIsLn bx cuwikaf hY. ies idwn nMU rfjkumfrI df idn ( pirMsLs tfg) vI ikhf jFdf hY. ies idwn sfrf sLfhI twbr afpxy pury luMg-lfxy smyq aqy jfho jlfl nfl sony dy rwQ AuWpr bYT ky rfjDfnI zYnhfg ivwcly afpxy mihl ‘nOrdfieny’ qoN ‘irzrsfl’ qwk jFdf hY, ijwQy hr sfl ies bwjt dy pVHn aqy sunx df pRbMD kIqf huMdf hY. ies idwn irzrsfl (vwZf hfl) ivwc hOlYNz dI pfrlImYNt dy sfry mNYbr mOjUd huMdy hn. ieh sony df rwQ purfxy simaF ivwc amstrzm dy amINr vpfrIaF ny afpxy dysL dy sLfhI Grfxy nMU njLrLfny vjo Byt kIqf sI. ieh idn rfjDfnI vfsIaf vwlo iewk iqAuhfr vFg mnfieaf jFdf hY. lok sLfhI prIvfr dy awdb ivwc PuwLlF dy guldsqy aqy mulK dy rfsLtrI bsMqI rMg dIaF pOsLfkf pf ky Aus sfry rfh AuWpr sVk dy dono pfsI Kloqy huMdy hn ijwQo dI ies rwQ ny lMwGxf huMdF hY. sLfhI twbr afpxI Kwlkq dy ipafr df juvfb rwQ ivwco hwQ ihlf ihlf ky muskrftF nfl idMdf jFdf hY. ies iewk idn qo bfad mulKL dI isafsq ivwc rfxI ‘ibafqirks’ aqy Aus df prvfr hor koeI dwKl nhI idMdf.

                  pr, ies sFl pysL kIqy ies mhF Gfty dy bwjt ny sfry dysL ivwc zr aqy snsnI PYlf idwqI hY. hux qwk rfj krdI iDr mIzIaF rfhI ieho hI pRcfr krdI afeI hY ik sMsfr mMdI df asr hOlYNz dI afriQkqF AWupr rwqI Br vI nhIN hY, ieh isRP qy isrP amrIkF dI hI smwisaf hY. pr hux ibwlI QYilAu bfhr inkl afeI hY. pUry qIh mIlIafrzn XUroaF df iewk sfl ivwc Gfty df bwjLt hY. 2010 dy bwjt ivwc 272,8 mIlIafrzn  Xuro dy srkfr vwlo Krcy ivKfey gey hn aqy 239,1 tYksF rfhI AugrfhI afmdn dwsI geI hY. ies df mwqlb hY afAux vfly sFl ivwc srkfr aqy dysL df jMg-plMgf clfAux vfsqy 30,6 mIlIafrzn XUro QuVdy hn. agly kuwC sFlf ivwc vI afriQkqf dI bVOqrI vflf gwzf zhIey hI rhygf aqy ieh Gftf vwDdf vwDdf kusL hI sFlf ivwc 328 mIlIafrzn qwk phucx df Kqrf hY. mfhrF dI rfey hY ik agly sfl ies dysL dI afriQkqf 4,7 prsLYt sugMVygI ikANik kwcy qyl dy Pft dI kImq 65 zflr dy ierd igrd hI GumygI, As qo agly sFl ieh bVOqrI jLIro prsLYt XfnI ik nf Gftf aqy nf vfDy vflI hflq hovygI qy iPr do prsLYt vfDy dI afs hY. Ado qwk pY cuwky Gfty nMU ikvy pUrf krnf hY ieh mslf iewk mfhrF df kimsLn bxf ky hfl dI GVI Aus dy hvfly kr idwqf igaf hY. Xfin ky ivhVy df gMd hUMj ky mMjy Qwly kr idwqf igaf hY. hux agy hoAugf kI ? afAux vfly smyN ivwc jnqf AWupr hor nvNy tYks lfey jfxgy. syl tYks 19 prsYLt qo vDf ky 21 prsLYt krx dy avfVy afAux lg pey hn. buZfpf pYnsLYn dI Aumr-hwd pihlf bfht sFl sI iPr pYNht ho geI qy hux sqfht sfl krn leI rwsy pYVy vwty jf rhy hn, hflfik vIh prsYNt lok pYnsLn df svfd cWKx qoN pihlF hI rwb nMU ipafry ho jFdy hn ijMnF ‘cO vwZI igxqI ivdysLI mUl dy avfsIaF dI hI hY. hor lok BlfeI dIaF skImF Aupr vI kftf Pyiraf jf skdf hY. ivroDI iDrF ies nMu lok mfrU bwjt aqy lokF nfl DoKf krfr dy rhIaf hn ‘qy srkfr nMu kMm kfr Cwz ky Gr bYT jfx dIaF slfhF dy rhIaF hn.

          iewk hor bMdF ijhVf ies sB kfsy df lfhf lY ky nvIaF coxf df alfp swB qo AuwcI avfjL ivwc alfp irhf hY Aus isry dy nslvfdI afdmI df nF hY gyrt ivlzr. gyrt dI pfrtI vI vI zI( ijs df mwqlb hY ajLfdI dI pfrtI) ijs ny ipwClIaF coxf ivwc hYrfn prysLfn krn vflI ijwq pRpq kIqI hY. awj qoN pMj swq sfl pihlF ies pfrtI df iksy ny nF Qyh vI nhIN suixaf sI hux ieh nO sItF ijwq ky pfrlImYNt ivwc DrnF mfrI bYTI hY aqy XorpIn XUnIan dIaf coxF ivwc vI ies dIaf hOLlYNz dIaf sfrIaF rvfieqI pfrtIaf nflo ijafdf cfr sItF hn. ies inwky ijhy sfZy solf mIlIan lokF dI abfdI vfly hOlYNz leI XorpIn XUnIan dIaF coxF koeI bhuqI idlcspI vflIaF nhIN hn. ienFH leI idwlI dUr dy muhfvry vFg ajy brwsl bhuq dUr hY, ies krky XorpIan XUnIan  dIaF pfrlImYNt dIaF coxF ivwc isrP cflHI prsLYt votr hI votF pfAux gey sn. vYsy qf XUnIan dIaf ipwClIaF coxF ivwc sfry dysLf ivwco hI nslvfdI pfrtIaF ijwq ky Aupr afeIaF hn. ies pfrtI ny dysL dI mfVI afriQk hflq dI jumyvfrI dysL ivwc vws rhy jf vwsx jf rhy XUnIan qo bfhrly ivdysLI mUl dy lokF AuWpr mVHnI sUru kr idwqI hY, KfsL krky muslmfn BfeIcfry dy lokF AWupr. ies ny ieslfm dy iKlfP prcfr krky hI ipwClIaF coxF ivwc nO sItF ijwqIaF sn. Aus dI ies ijwq ny hOlYNz dIaf sfrIaf hI rvfieqI pfrtIaF nMu hYrfn krky ky rwK idwqf sI qy AunHF nMU mMUh ivwc AuglF pfky socx lf idwqf sI. rihMdI KMUhdI ksr ies pfrtI ny XorpIan pfrlImYNt dIaF cfr sItF ijwq ky kwZ idwqI sI. gyrt ny ieslfm dy iKlfP iewk vIh ku imMt dI zfkumYNtrI iPlm ‘iPqnf’ vI bxfeI sI. ieh Aus df afpxf aqy afpxI pfrtI dI msLhUrI df stMt sI. iPqnF dI vjhf nfl Auh dwunIaf dy pihlI pfl dy aKbfrF dy pMinaf AWupr Cf igaf sI. ijMnF icr ieh iPlm rlIjL nhI hoeI sI Aunf icr holYz dI imlBogI srkfr vMj qy tMgI rhI sI. pr iPlm df ieslfmk BfeIcfry dy lokF ny koeI Kfs nots nhI NsI ilaf. ieMglYz ny ies bMdy nMU afpxy dysL ivwc nhIN sI vVHn idwqf qy ‘PlFeIMg zwc mYn’ df ruqbf dy ky eyarport qoN hI vfps puwTy pYrI amstrzm nMU AuWzf idwqf sI. pr amrIkF ny ies nMU afpxf KfsL mihmfn bxfieaf sI. nYsLnl tYlIivXn AWupr ivlzr dy vwZy vwZy tfk-sLOa krvfey gey sn. hux Aus ny hr mwisLaf bdnfmI Kwtx vFg burky aqy muslmfn aOrqF dy isrF AWupr bMny dupwty AuWpr tYks Tokx dI isLPfrsL kr idwqI hY hflfik hOlYNz dy purfxy bjLurg vI topI pihndy hn. XhUdIaF dI KopVI dy ipwClI totn qy pihnI inwkI ijhI topI nMU Ausny ies jMumry ivwc nhIN rwiKaf,isr Zwkx vflf dupwtf isLrP ieslfm nfl hI joiVaf igaf hY. PrFs dI qrjL qy ieQy vI ieh knMUn bx igaf hY ik iksy vI skUl jF srkfrI adfry ivwc mulK df koeI vI bfisLdf iksy vI Drm df koeI vI Dfrimk icMnH pihn ky nhI afvygf. ieh knMUn iswKF dI pwgVI AuWpr vI lfgU huMdf hY.

                 nIdrlYNz dI iewk purfxI khfvq hY “hfl mfr afAuey kueIan Pfn dI stfl” jy koeI iksy nMu purfxy imhxy dyvy qF ieh muhfvrf vriqaf jFdf hY ijs df mwqlb hY ‘aYvy nf purfxIaf bwuZIaF gFvf qbyly ‘co KohlI af’ qy ivlzr ieh bWuZIaF hI nhI mrIaF gFvf vI kwbrF ivwco puwtI afAudF hY. Aus ny hux pfrlImYNt dy iemIgrysLn minstr ‘iebfhfrt Pfn zyar lfan’ qo hux qwk ipwCly cflI sFlf ivwc ivdysLI prvfsIaF dy vfs AWpr ikMny mlIafrzn XUro Krc kIqy hn df ihsfb mMigaf hY ( ijs nMU Auh imhxy vwjo srkfr df Kwbf sLOk ‘ilMks hObI” grdfndf hY) jo hOlYNz dI srkfr iksy vI kImq qy nsLr nhI kr skdI. iPr Aus ny ivdysLIaF AWupr afey Krcy df srvyKx afpxy qOr qy iewk vIklI rsfly ‘ielsvr’ qo krvfieaf hY qy nqIjyL Aus dI afsLf muqfbk hI hn. ‘ielsvr’ dy ies srvyKx anusfr ipwCly cflI sFlf ivwc XorpIan XUnIan qo bfhrly, qurkI, morfko,surInfm qy arb dysLF dy prvfsIaF AWupr hux qwk ies dysL dy 216 mIlIafrzn XUro Krc ho cuwky hn. ieQy iewk sfl ivwc iewk ivdysLI mUUl dy avfsI Aupwr 3000 XUro srkfr df vfPr Krc afAuNdf hY jy kr hux qwk iswky dy psfr dI dr 13,5 dI bxdI rkm vI ivwc pf leI jfvy qF kul rkm 3400 XUro bxdI hY. iewQy nIdrlYNz ivwc 1,8 mIlIan XorpIan XUnIan qoN bfhrly mulKF dy lok vwsdy hn ijhVy ik ies srvyKx muqfbk hr sfl dysL nMU 6,1 mILlIafrzn XUro df Gftf pf rhy hn. ajy Aus ny XorpIan XUnIan dy mYbNr mulKF,grIs,porqogfl,ietlI, spyn dy vdysLIaf nMU nhIN ivwc pfieaf,ienHF AWupr vI nIdrlYNz dI srkfr df hr sfl 1,7 mIlIafrzn XUro df vwKrf KrcF afAudF hY.

                   agy Auh AWupr Krc hoeI rkm nMu brfbr rwK ky sfl dy hor GryLlU Krcy igxfAudF hY. 1,7 mIlIafrzn polIs,surwiKaf aqy inaF pRnflI Aupr,1,5 sLihr dIaF kOslF,kmytI-GrF aqy soLsLlsrivs Aupr, 1,5 hor vfDU Krcf. sLihrf dy muhwilaF aqy avfsIaf dy Bly leI  progrfmF AuWpr 0,9, bwicaF, jvfnF, aqy prIvfrF dI BlfeI vfsqy 0,5. gwl kI lfh pf ky kul Krcf 6,6 mIlIafrzn XUro mhIny df bxdf hY. afAux vfly sFl ivwc ijhVy ienHf ivdysLIaf dy Bly vfsqy 12,7 mIlIafrzn Xuro hor vwKry rwKy hn jy Auh vI ivwc joV leIey qF kul rkm hux qwk ipwCly cflHI sflF ivwc 216,4 mIlIafrzn XUro bxdI hY. ieh sfrf Krcf ivdysLIaf dI BlfeI AWupr Krc hox dy bfvjUd vI ienHF BUry, pIly, kfly prdysI BOrF dI vwZI igxqI kMmF qo twutI ivhlI zMzy vjFAudI qUrI iPrdI hY. ieh ieWk kOVf swc hY. ieh ihMdsy jwd dy Aus ny votF Kfqr lokF ivwc nsLr kIqy hn qF srvyKx ieh dwsdy hn ik jy awj votF pYx qF ies snkI nslvfdI gyrt ivlzr dI pfrtI ‘vI vI zI’ coxf ivwc bhumq hfsl kr jfvygI. ieh gwl koeI alOkfr nhIN hY ies mulK ivwc ieho ijhf qjrbf pihlF vI ivwc ho cuwikaf hY. ipmPr tfAun nF df bMdF vI iesy qrF ieslfimk avfsIaF dy iKlfP pRcfr krky 1992 ivwc surKLIaf ivwc aieaf sI. Aus dI pfrtI aYl pI aYP ny nIdrlYNz dy ieslfmIkrn nMU rokx aqy musilm mUl dy dysLf ivwco ieQy aFAudy prvfsIaF AuWpr mukMml pfbMdI df nfhrf cwuikaf sI qy Auh kfmXfb vI hoieaf sI. ieh bMdF hr iksm dy DrmI mUlvfd dy iKlfP sI. Auh afpxIaF qkrIrF ivwc iesfeIaF aqy XhUdIaF nMU vI nhIN sI bKsLdf, Kud Auh homo sYksuaYl sI ijs df Aus ny kdI vI luko nhI sI rwiKaf. rotrzMm sLihr dIaF kOsl dIaf coxF ivwc ies dI pfrtI ny hMUJf PyrU ijwq pRfpq kIqI sI. ipm dI pfrtI nMU pUry sLihr dIaf cflI prsYLt votF peIaF sn. ies axikafsI ijwq qo bfad Aus ny aglIaF pfrlImYNt dIaF coxf pUry jfho jlfl nfl pUry dysL ivwc lVHn df ibgl vjf idwqF. Aus dIaF zbytf qy qkrIrF ieslfm dy iKlfP pRcMz rUp Dfrn krdIaF geIaF qy Auh idwno idwn dysI ivdysIL pRYs ivwc CFAudF igaf. isrPN nO idwn votF qoN pihlF Aus nMU iksy vfqfvrx pRymIy (Polkr PfNn df Krot) ny 24 mfrc 2002 nMU hOlYNz dy sLihr ‘ihlvrsum’ dI mIzIaF pfrk ivwc tYlIivXn qoN ietrivAu dy ky muVdy nMu golIaF mfr ky mfr idwqf sI. sLukr hY ieh kql iksy ivdysLI mUl dy bfisLdy ny nhIN sI kIqf, vrnf afpxy afp nMU zrfeI ‘Bfvnf rihq’ kihx vfly holYNz ivwc ivdysLIaF qy mUl vfsIaF ivwc KFnf jMgI vflf mhOl bx jFxf sI. nOaF idwnF bfad hoeIaf cOxF ivwc ipm dI pfrtI aYl pI aYP nMU pUrI Bfv iBwjI BfvnF nfl hOlYNz dy lokF ny CwqI prsLYt votF pf ky ijqfieaf sI, iewk axiswKI pfrtI bhumq lY ky pfrlImYNt ivwc Tyzy KFdI iPrdI sI. iPr lokF nfl kIqy vfhdy( bI jy pI dy rfm mMdr vFg) jd pUry krn df vkq afieaf qf ieho ijhy vfady aMqrrfstrI BfeIcfry ivwc hOlYNz dI bdnfmI df kfrn bxy sn. aFAudIaF 2006 dIaf coxF ivwc ies pfrtI dI AuWkf hI PwtI pocI geI sI. ieh koeI vI sIt nf ijwq skI qy ibKr ky Kqm ho geI sI. iesy pfrtI dI svfh ivwco hux vflI gyrt ivlzr dI pfrtI ‘pI vI vI’ jMmI hY. Xfin ky sLrfb Auho purfxI hY qy mfrkf hux ipmPr tfAun dI bjfey gyrt ivlzr hY aqy nsLlvfd dy TMuhyN df zMg pihlF nflo vI jLihrI qy mfrU lgdf hY.

             iewk pfsy qF 1970 ivwc afey aqy iewQy pwky qOr vwsy qurkI, morfko, qy sUrInfm dy kFimaf dIaF hyVF dIaf hyVF ivhlIaF qurIaf iPrdIaF hn ‘qy dusry pfsy nvyN nvyN XorpIan XUnIan ivwc rlHy  eIst Xorp dy dysLf dy kFimaf dIaf DfVf dIaF DfVf sPfeI, KyqF, qy mkfn AusfrI dy kMmF leI mMgvfeIaF jf rhIaf hn. iekwly polYNz dy hI iewk lwK pMjFh hjLfr kfmy sLbjIaF vfly grIn hfAusf ivwc kMm krdy hn. cYko,hMgrI,qy rumfnIaF dy vwKry hn. swqrivaF ivwc jdo soLsLilst issitm dI cVHq sI qy TMzI jMg df jmFnf sI pOxI dwunIaF Aupr isrP lfl rMg hI rfj krdf njLr aFAudf sI Ado do mhfn arQcfiraf df afps ivwc aMqrrfsLtrI mMzI ivwc mukfbly df dOr sI. vYst Xorp ivwc bhuq sfry mrd jMg ivwc mfry gey sn jf apfhj ho gey sn. kFmy mnwuKF dI BfrI Gft sI sLihrF dy sLihr bMbfrmYNt nfl qbfh ho cuwky sn. PYktrIaF aqy mulK dI muV AusfrI vfsqy vwZI pwDr qy ssqy kFmy pihlf ietlI, spyn, purqogfl qo mMgvfey gey sn pr kFimaf df kfl iPr vI ipaf hoieaf sI. kfrKFinaf ivwc mjdUrF dI zfhZI mMg nMU mwuK rwKidaF hor kFmy ibnf socy smJy qurkI, morfko dy zMUGy ipMzF ivwco mMgvfey gey sn. ieh ipMzF dI kFmf jmfq anpVH aqy axiswK vI sI keIaf nMU qF afpxI mfqf BfsLf ivwc alP by vI ilKxf pVHnf nhIN afAdF sI. pr Audo awg lwgI ivwc msLkF df Bfa kOx pwuCdf sI. ijvy bdmfsL lok qIvIaF ADfl ky iljfdy hn AuvNy PYktrIaf dy mflk dUsrIaF PYktRIaf dy kFmy aFm hI vwD pYsy dy ky AuDfl iljFdy sn.                1970 dy kFimaF aqy hux dy eIst Xorp qoN mMgvfey  kFimaf ivwc bhuq gwlF sFJIaf hn. Ado vI ieQo dy lokl bFisLdy gMdy qy Bfry kMm krn qoN kMnI kqrfAudy sn qy hux vI, ieQo dy jMmpl Bfvy Auh ieQy afey qy vwsy prdysIaf dI aOlfd ikAN nhI hn Bfry aqy gMdy kMmF qo cflU hn. vYlPyar stytF hn mfVf cMgF gujfrf sohxf srkfrI Bwqy nfl cldf hY qy iPr kMm krn dI kI loV hY? aqy dUsrf axidsdf nsLlI ivwqkrf vI hY. ikAN aqy ikAN isrP vdysLI mUl dy hI nIdrlYzIaF dI vwZI igxqI kMm ivhuxI hY? jF iPr soLsLilst kYNp dy Zih ZyrI ho jFx nfl pwCmI mulKF dy srmfeydfrF df pMjfbI dI khfvq vFg ‘sLrIk miraf ivhVf moklf’ ho igaf hY. pwCmI Xorp dy srmfeydfrF nMU nyVHy hI afpxy kfrobfrf nMU ivsQfrn leI aqy keI gwlF ivwc siBafcfrk sFJ vflI kwcI mMzI lwB peI hY. ieh AuQy kfrKFny lfANdy hn aqy afpxf mfl vycdy hn. kuwC muafidaf qihq ienFH afriQk pwKo pwCVy mulKF ivwco mjLdUr ieQy pwCmI XorpIn dysLf ivwc ssqI mjdUrI krn aFAudy hn. pihlF polYNz, cYko, hMgrI dy hI mjLdUr afAudyN sn, hux ienHF mulKF ivwc vI qnKfh pwCmI Xorp dy mjdUrF dy brfbr qf nhIN awDI pOxI jrUr ho geI hY hux ienFH dysLf dy mjdUr vfps afpxy GrIN jf rhy hn ijvy pMjfb ivwco amIr purbIey BweIey vfps afpxIaf stytF nMU jf rhy hn. hux Aus qoN aglI BuwK hor vI ssqI 2007 ivwc nvyN XUnIan ivwc rlHy iltlYNz, slvfkIaf, aqy romfnIaf qoN mjdUr nIdrlYNz ivwc QoV icry sIjLnI kMtrktf Aupr kMm krn af rhy hn. pihlF qf isrP mrd hI afAdyN sn pr hux qf jvfn aOrqF dIaf vI DfVF dIaF DfVf ieQy grmIaF ivwc sIjLnI kMm krn af rhIaF hn.

                iewk hor iksm dy kFmy vI afANdy hn ienHf nMU dUsrI kYtfgrI ivwc rwiKaf jFdf hY. ieh AuWc iswiKaq kFmy hn ijMnf dI eyQy BfrI Gft hY. pwCm dI amIrI ny ipwCly cflIH sflF ivwc ieQy Auqwm huWnrmMd aqy bwuDIjIvI kFimaf dI BfrI Gft pYdf kr idwqI hY. afpxy DMdy clfAux Kfqr ieQo df kfrobfrI qbkf bgYr iksy iBMn-Bfv qo pUrI duwnIaf ivwco hI bfpU kih ky ienFH nMU mMgvf irhf hY. ieh kFmy vI bhuqy grIb dysLf ivwco hI af rhy hn afpxI qflIm df pUrf qy coKF muwl vwtx, ienHF nMu ieQy pYNqI hjLfr XUro qoN lY ky pMjqflI hjLfr qwk slfnF qnKfh idwqI jFdI hY aFAudy ieh vI prvfsI avfsIaf ivwc hI hn. pr ienHF bfry gyrt ivlzr kuwsL nhIN boldf. ‘hOlYNz iejL Pul’ ieQy hor lokF dI gujLfies nhI hY ieh Aus df nfhrf hY, jy Aus df vws cwly qf briln aqy XorosLilm vFg hOLlYNz duvfly vI nvIN kMD vlxI surU kr dyvy ?

               suxo hux Aus df aglf srvyKx kI kihMdf hY. Xorp ivwc muslmfnF dI abfdI afAux vfly smyN ivwc pMj prsLYt qo vwD ky 2050 qwk vIh prsYt ho jfvygI. hfl dI GVI ieWkly ieMglYNz ivwc hI 8,50,000 muslmfn mUl dy lokF dI vso hY. ieh afdmI srkfr kolo ipwCly cflIH sflF ivwc ivdysLIaf AuWpr hux qwk kI Krc afieaf aqy ienHF ny kI kmF ky mulK nMU vfps iwdwqf hY, df ihsfb mMg irhf hY. jykr ieh ihsfb huMdf hY qF jLihr hY Aus dy srvyKx muqfbk Gftf ivdysLIaf dy pfly ivwc hI avygf ikANik iksy guwJI sLfijs aqy axidsdy nslvfd qihq hfl dI GVI ieQy vsy bhuqy ivdysLIaf dy twbr kMmo twuty soLslisikAyrtI dy afsry hI idwn ktI kr rhy hn. ieh rkm vI koeI aYzI vwZI nhI hY kI bMdy ies soLslisikAurtI AuWpr aXfsLIaf mfr skdy hox ieh rkm msf hYNz tU mfAuQ hI. jykr ikqy koeI kYsL kflI idhfVI nf lgdI hovy ?. As df ieh ihsfb ikqfb vI asl ivwc ihtlr aqy goblj dy kUV prcfr vFg hI hY jF pMjfbI dI iewk lok khfxI biGafV aqy lyly dy ihsfb ikqfb vrgf mkr, ijs ivwc ipAu vwlo gMDfly pfxI df bdlF biGafV ny lyly nMU Kf ky ilaF sI. ieh swB kuC sux pVH ky afm sDfrx icwtI cmVI vfly hOlYNz dy mUl bfisNdy dy mn ivwc ros, zr, qy nPrq afpxy kfly BUry rMg dy gvFZIaf iKlfP BVkygI qy ieho hI gyrt ivlzr cfhMudF hY. aglIaF coxF ivwc ies byarfmI aqy ies mulK dy sfry Psfdf dI jVH ivdysLIaF Kfs krky musilm BfeIcfry dy isr mVH ky Auh hOlYNz df pRDfn mMqrI bxnf cfhuMdf hY. vYsy qf ivdysLIaf leI ies mulK ivwc knMUn dIaF qVFvf pihlF hI bhuq ksIaF peIaf hn. nOjvfn lfVy lfVIaF nMU afpxy  mUl dysF ivwco afpxIaf vfhutIaF,ivaFdV mMgvfAUx leI iqMn cfr sFl qF aFm hI lwg jFdy hn. keIaF dIaF ies kMm ivwc jObF vI clIaf jFdIaF hn qy keIaF dy lMby smNy dI ieMqjfr jf byivsLvfsI kfrn ivwcy hI qlfk ho jFdy hn. 2005 dy knMUn muqfbk hr ivdysLI lfVy lfVI nUM afpxy mUl mulK ‘co hI zwc iswK ky afAuxI pvygI. ieho ijhy “KrbUjyL aqy CUrI” vrgy agilaf simaF ivwc hor vI knMUn bx rhy hn ijvy kjLnf, cfcy, mfmy, BUaF dy afpsI inafixaf ivwc ivafh nMU gYr kfnMUnI krfr dyxf. ies qrF dy ivafh muslmfn BfeIcfry ivwc hI ijafdf hMudy hn. ihMdosqfn ivwc sLihrI iswKF BfpF brfdrI ivwc vI ies qrF dy irsLqy hMudy hn. ieh ibwl pirlIMmYNt ivwc pysL krn dIaf iqafrIaF ho rhIaF hn, ho skdf hY Dfrimk icMn dI mnFhI vFg ieh ibl vI pfs ho jfvy jF iPr isr dy duwopty vFg afpxy mUl mulKF ivwc ivafh krvfAux AuWpr vI jjLIaf tYks lfieaf jf skdf hY. hux hflq pMjFbI dy Aus muhfvry vrgI bxdI jFdI hY ‘KrbUfjf cfkU qy izwgy jF kfcU KrbUjy AWupr’ jLKmI qF ienFH ivdysLI mUl dy nIdrlNYzIaF KrbUijaF ny hI hoxf hY. ijvy ihMdosqfn ivwc jykr iksy amIr afdmI dI koeI kImqI qF kI koeI mfmUlI cIjL vI gvfc jfvy qF swB qo pihlf sLwk Aus df Gr dy nOkr, grIb gohf kUVf krn vflI jF Bfzy mFjx vflI AuWpr hI jFdf hY TIk Ausy qrF mulK ivwc PYlI mMdI df dosL ieh afdmI bfhro afey cflI cflI sFlf dy ieQy vwsy ivdysLI mUl dy nIdrlNYzNIaf AWpr mwVHn dIaf skImF bxfAudf iPrdf hY. iwkWqy aMdry aMdr jrmnI dy ihtlr vyly df ieiqhfs dubfrf duhrfAux dIaF ivAuqF qf nhIN ivAuqIaF jf rhIaF ? ikANuik rotI KFidaF dfVHI isrP ivdysLI mUl dy nIdrlYzIaF dI ihwldI hY lwgdf hY ihtlr dI rUh dI ajy gqI nhI hoeI Auh ieQy hI mMzrFAudI iPrdI hY,Kudf KYr kry.

                                   joigMdr bfT hOlYNz
 L

jfq pfq dy kohV df kIVf  

joigMdr bfT hOlYNz

ipCly do iqMn mhIny pMjfb dI iPjLf ivwc bhuq hI AuWQl puwQl aqy AuWDV DuwmI mcfAux vfly rhy hn. afstrIaf dI rfjLDfnI vIafnf ivwc iewk sMq df kql aqy dUsry dy jLKmI hox dI Gtnf dy prqO vjo pMjfb ivwc srkfrI aqy gYr srkfrI kroVF dI jfiedfq nMU muafqVf lf ky aprfDI Dfrimk hulVbfjF vlo PUk idwqf igaf hY. iewk vfr qF ieAuN lgdf sI ik pMjfb dy amn nM lFbU lfAux vflIaf qfkqF pMjFb nUM iewk vfr Pyr cUrfsI vfly gyV vwl Dwk dyxgIaF, pr hmysLf dI qrF pMjFb dy bhfdr lokF ny ies nPLrq dI cuvfqI nMU BFbV bxn qo pihlF hI afpsI BfeIcfry dI sFJ dI jwwuqI Qwly msl ky rwK idwqf hY. hux Aus qo bfad sMgrUr ijlHy ivwc iewk hor hrImMdr sfihb dI "nkl" vfly gurUdvfry df rwPV pY igaf hY. ivwcy ivwc ajy sOdf sfD vflI Buwbl vI TMzI nhI hoeI, ajy hor pqf nhI ikNny qwlx bxny hn. jfq pfq dy mfmly ivwc pMjfb ieAu lwgdf hY ijvy bfrUd dy Zyr Aupr bYTf hovy? mfVI ijhI sIK sIKx dI loV hY BFbV afpxy afp bx jfdF hY.

                    ivsfK, sMmq 1756 ibkrmI (1699 eIsvI) vfly idwn anMdpur sfihb ivKy dwsvy gurU sRI gurU goibMd rfey ny iewk mhfn kOqk rwc ky Kflsf pMQ sfijaf sI. AunHF ny dysL ivdysL ivwco afeI sMgq ivwco llkfr ky gurU vfsqy isr mMgy sn. lMbI sLnfty vrgI cuwp aqy AuzIk mgro Bry pMzfl ivwco AuT ky pMj grIb qy dwsF nhMuaf dI ikrq krn vfly iswKF ny gurU vfsqy afpxy sIsL Byt kIqy sn. AuhnF ivwco sB qo pihlf AuiTaf sI lhor df KwqrI dieaf rfm dUsrf hsqnfpur df grIb iksfn Drm rfie sI. qIsrf ihMmq rfey iJAur rsoeIaF jgnnfQpurI qo afieaf sI. cOQf dvfrkf df drjLI mOhkm cMd CIbF jfq ivwco sI aqy pMjvf sfihb cMd ibdr qo afieaf jfq df nFeI sI. pMjF nMU hI vfrI vfrI gurU sfihb ipwCy lwgyy qMbU ivwc lY gey sn aqy AuhnF dy sIsL JtkfAux df nftk ricaf sI. ieh prK krn vfsqy kOx hn aslI gurU dy iswK jo afpxy gurU leI qn mn aqy DMn inCfvr kr skdy hn. ieh sfry hI hwQIN kfr krn vfly CotIaF jfqF dy lok sn. moitaF iZwzf vfly msMd aqy hor moqvr gurU kI golk df Dfn Cwkx vfly jo nvyN rwuqby lYx afey muhrlIaF kursIaF AuWpr ibrfjmfn sn gurU jI nMU pfgl hoieaf smJ ky knfqF cuwk ky hOlI hOlI iKsk gey sn. iPr jdo gurU jI ny pMjy hI isWK nIilaF bfixaf ivwc sjf ky pMzfl Aupr ilafdyN sn qf sMgq jo mMUh ivwc AuNglF pf ky ieh kOqk vyK rhI sI asL asL kr AuWTI, sRI gurU goibNd rfey ny sfrI sMgq nMU llkfr ky ieh aYlfn kIqf ik awj qo bfad ieh myry aslI Kfls iswK hn. awj qo Kflsy df jnm hoieaf jfixA, awj qoN ieh myrf hI rUp hn. awj qoN ienHF df koeI jfq goq nhIN hY. ienHf dy nvyN nF jfq pfq qo rihq BfeI dieaf isMG, BfeI Drm isMG, BfeI ihMmq isMG, BfeI mohkm isMG aqy BfeI sfihb isMG hn aqy awj qoN asF df nFm vI goibMd isMG hY. ieh hux gurU dy Kflsy hn. AuhnF ny mfqf jIqo dI hfjLrI ivwc iewk lohy dy bfty ivwc pqfisaF aqy jl nfl KMzy dI pfhul dy ky aimRq iqafr kIqf aqy pMjF  nMU hI aimRq Ckfieaf aqy "vfihgurU jI Kflsf aqy vfihgurU jI kI Pqyh" vflf ienklfbI nfhrf idwqf, iPr AuhnF pMjF ipafiraF dy sMnmuK ho ky afp AuhnF qo aimRq Cwikaf aqy Kud isMG sjy. gurU aqy cyly df Byq imtf idwqf afp AuhnF qo nIvyN ho ky sMgq nMU iewkI ivsvy hox df rwuqbf idwqf. iewk nvyN mnUMK dI isrjxf kIqI.

                kI ieh sB kuC hox dy bfvjUd vI iswKf ivwc jfq pfq df pfVf Kqm ho igaf sI? nhIN, ikANkI bhuq sfry iswK Aus smNy hI ies brfbrqf nMUN svIkfr nhIN kr sky sn. sdIaF qoN pMjLfb dy bfisLidaF  dy idmfgf aMdr AUc nIc aqy jfq pfq df kIVf Gr krI bYTf sI. kI Auh iewk dwm inkl jFdf?. AnFH dy ivcfr muqfbk hr AuWcf afhudf aqy rfj Bfg brfhmxf KwqrIaF dI hI ivrfsq hY, qy hux ieh nfeI, CINby,iJAur, jwt sfzy isrF qy bYTxgy, sfizaf pYrF dy kwK ies KflsfeI hnyrI nfl AWz AWz sfzIaF awKF ivwc pYxgy. bhuq sfry AuWcIaF jfqf vfly iswK aqy brfhmx Ado hI pMzfl ivwco bgfvq krky phfVI rfijaF dI sLrn ivwc cly gey sn. jo mrjLI kih lvo ies jfq-pfq dy kohV dIaF jVHF sdIaF qo pMjfbI aqy BfrqI smfj dy zUMGy pqfl ivwc lwgIaF hoeIaF hn. Ado qo hux qwk vI isWKf ivwc jfq-pfq df pfVf Kqm  nhIN hoieaf sgo ieh hor viDaf aqy zMUGF hI hoieaf hY. jy Kqm hoieaf huMdF qf awj jwtF, rfmgVHIaF, mjLbI isMGF, rvIdfsIaF aqy vwK vwK zyiraF dy gurUdvfry alwg alwg nf KwulHdy. pYsLy vfly lok gurU dy crnF ivwc aqy grIb gurbf isrP lMgr dI syvf jF swB qo ipwCy ijwQy drIaF vI Kwqm ho jFdIaf hn dyg aqy lMgr dI Jfk ivwc nf bYTdf. mY afm bhuq vfr dUsrI vfr dyg lYx Aupr grIbF nMU BfeIaF qo iJVkF pYdIaF vyKIaf hn . iewk vfr qF iewk BfeI ny kVHfh pRsLfd vflI QflI smyq iewk duhrI vfr gurU df pRsLfd mMgdy grIb bwcy nMMU lwqF nfl kuwt Diraf sI. ies iKwcoqfx ivwc kVHfh pRsLfd vflI QflI vI Ault geI sI. pRsfLd iewk grIb loVVMd bWcy dy mUMh ivwc jfx dI bjfey rUVI qy cilaf igaf sI.

               sRI hrmMdr sfihb aMdr vI pYsLy vfly AWcy lokF dy hI sgmrmr dy pwQr lgy hn. AunHF vyilaF ivwc jdo ieh pwQr lgfey sn sLfied ieh dfn kIqI AWupr ilKI rkm bhuq vWZI hovygI? pr awj ieh sOa pMjfh jf hjfLr rupY dI rkm hfsohIxI lgdI hY. prkrmf ivwc qF clo TIk hY pr drbfr sfihb dy aMdr vI dfn dy ky afpxy nF nfnksLfhI iewtF nflo vI mjbUq pwQrF dIaF islfvF AuWpr sdf leI KudvfAux vfilaf dI mfniskqf kI hovygI? AuQy iksy gurU dy aslI isWK kFmy mnMUK dI qF plyt nhIN lgI hovygI jo BfeI lflo vFg dwsF nOhF dI ikrq krdf hY, jo msF hI idhfVI krky afpxy aqy afpxy twbr dy jIaF dy iZwzF nMU Julkf idMdF hY, Aus kol pwQr lgvfAux dI proKO ikwQy. mfieaf bfry sfzy gurU ieAuN ivafiKaf krdy hn' "pfpF bfj nf hoey kwTI, moieaF sMg nf jfey". jfq-pfq df kIVf qF sdIaF qo Bfrq vfsIaf dIaF aFqVIaF ivwc pwkf hI Gr krI bYTf hY. rmfiex,mhfBfrq,gIqf vrgy gRMQ jfq-pfq nfl juVIaF sfKIaF nfl Bry pey hn. dUr nf jfeIey qF hIr vfirs sLfh hI pVH ky vyK leIey ijs isLwdq nfl vfirs sLfh ny hIr ivwc Aus smyN dy pMjFbI siBafcfr ivwc jfq-pfq aqy jfq anusfr vMzy kMm DMidaf df ijkr kIqf hY sLfied hI koeI pMjfbI dI purfqn poQI hux qwk jfq-pfq ivwc vMzy pMjfb dI ies qrF qPsLIl sfihq ivafiKaf kr skdI hovy? hIr vfirs sLfh dohF pMjFbf ivwc iksy vI hor Dfrimk gRMQ nflo swB qo vwD piVHaf aqy gfieaf jfx vflf ikwsf hY. jdo hIr jwtI  afpxI mF mlkI qo bfgI ho ky rFJy Xfr nMU imlx byilaF ivwc jFdI hY qF hIr dI mF iKJ ky afpxy kFimaf ieAu hukm idMdI hY.

mlkI afKdI sd qMU hIr qfeI, Jb ho qMU aolIaF nFeIaf vy.

alPU mocIaf qy cmMU vfgIaf vy,dyzU mfCIaF Bj qMu BfeIaf vy.

nQU CINibaf ruldU pyNijaf vy,jFvI qMU vI brvfilaf rfhIaf vy.

isdkI pflIaf lKnI qylIaf vy,BulI lwB qMU ZolIaF rfhIaf vy

            ieh qF ajy iewk vngI hI hY. jfq-pfq bfry ies hrmn ipafry ikwsy ivwc hor vI bhuq kwuC hY. vfirs sLfh dy Aus smy dy pMjfb aqy hux dy pMjfb ivwc hor kusL qf Bfvy bhuq kusL bdl igaf hY pr jfq-pfq dI rUVI nfl lwidaf gwzf ajy vI Ausy hI icwkV ivwc Pisaf KVHf hY. awj vI CINby jwtf nfl ivafh nhI krdy,jwt afpxy afp nMU pMjFb dI sB qo aflHF nsLl smJdy hoey iksy vI pMjFb dI hor jfq nfl bysLk njLfiej sbMD bxf lYx, pr ivafh isrP jwtf nfl hI krvfAuxgy. dUjIaF pMjfb dIaF jfqF df vI ieho hI hfl hY. dilq, rfmgVHIey,ihMdU, iswK, muslmfn swB Kopy lwgy ZwigaF vFg apo afpxI jfq dy kohlU mUhry hI gyVy kwZI jFdy hn. jy koeI kuVI j mMuzf bgfvq krky ivafh vI krvf lYdf hY qF sfry ipMz dI jfq-pfq vflI cUl ihwl jFdI hY. keI vfr qF pRymI joVy nUM ipMz dI pMcfieq hI ivafh krvfAux df ivsLvfs krvf ky Tfxy PVf idMdI hY. ajy ipwCy ijhy hI aKbFrf ivwc iewk Kbr CpI sI.

Kbr df isrlyK ieAN sI "vfadf iKlfPI hox qy pRymI joVy ny Qfxy `c' hI jLihr ingl ilaf" KLbr df sfr aMsL ieAu hY. iewk jwt iswK mMuzy df iesLk iewk bfjLIgrF dI kuVI nfl cl irhf sI. pr kuVI dI iewCf ivruD Aus df ivafh iksy hor afdmI nfl iksy hor ipMz kr idwqf igaf. dovy pRymI ivafh qo bfad vI iewk dUsry nMU imldy rhy. ieQy lVkI ny afpxy pRym sbMDf bfry apxy pqI nMU vI jfxU krvf idwqf sI. vfh nf cldI vyK ky pRymI joVf Prfr ho igaf. iPr hmysLf dI qrHF afpxy DI puwq dI mrjLI jfxy bgYr Aus df Dwky nfl ikqy hor ivafh krn df aprfD krx aqy afpxyy aprfD nMU jfiejL TihrfAux Kfqr kuVI dy bfp ny mMuzy dy bfp nMu Tfxy PVvf idwqf. tYlIPon Aupr sMprk krn qy ipMz dI pUrI pMcfieq ny pRymI joVy nMU ivafh df Brosf dy ky vfps ipMz bulvf ilaf. pr iPr vI ipMz dI pMcfieq ies aMqrjfqI sbMDF nMU pcf nf skI Auh pRymI joVy nMU adflq ivwc iljfx dI bjfey Tfxy lY gey. adflq jF gurUdvfry iljfx dI bjfey Tfxy? pRymI joVy nMU pihlF hI Cwk sI. AunHF nMMU afpxy swcy ipafr AuWpr pUrf Brosf sI. Auh pUrf pRbMD krky afey sn. jwd AunHF nMu sfrI dfl hI kflI aqy jfq-pfq dy kokVUaF nfl BrI idwsI qF AunHF ny purfxy swcy pRymIaF dI qrjL qy cldy hoey soicaf, jy ieh smfj sfnMU iekwiTaf jIx nhI dyvygf pr iewkiTaf mrno qF nhI rok skygf. AunHF nfl luko ky ilafdF jwtf df pRclq mhurf slPfs Cwk ilaf. hux pMcfieq qy mfipaf kol do ijLAudy DI pwuq dI bjfey do lfsLf PUkx nMU rih geIaf hn . ies qo ipMz dy jvfn lok pqf nhIN hor kI sbk isWKxgy.

              lfhxq hY ies pMjFbI dogly smfj AuWpr ijwQy svyr qoN ly rfq dy do vjy qwk ryzIA, tYlIivXn, jMJF, brfqf,dy aKfiVaF aqy siBafcfrk progrfmf AWpr isrP aqy isrP pRym ipafr, hIr rFJf, swsI pMunU, sohxI mhIvfl vrgy afsLkF dy pRym klol gfey jLfdy hn, pr jwd koeI afpxf DI-puwq ies rfhy qurdf hY qf sfry pMjFbI smfj ivwc hI kYdo dI rUh pRvysL kr jFdI hY. iesy qrF ipwCy ijhy iewk ipA pwuq ny afpxI skI DI swLk dy aDfr qy Bycl ky zwkry kr ky diraf burdf kr idwqI sI. hux dUr kI jFxf myry afpxy bfp dy imwqr jo piVHaf iliKaf qy cMgI nOkrI vI krdf sI, afp Ausny jvfnI vyly pRym ivafh krvfieaf sI. Aus dI cMzIgVH pVHdI DI nMU iksy dUsrI jfq dy muMzy nfl ipafr ho igaf. jd bfp nMU pwqf lwigaf qf Auh gwlbfq krx vfsqy DI nMU Bycl ky ipMz lY afieaf. kUVI nMU Aus ny bfhr iksy dUsry dysL Byjx df JFsf vI idwqf, irsLqy bfry myry bfp nfl vI gwl kIqI sI. pr kuVI afpxy afp shyVy sFeI nMU iksy vI kImq qy Cwzx leI iqafr nhIN sI. aKIr AuhI hoieaF jo afm ieho ijhy BfrI mfmilaf ivwc huMdf hY. jwt ny afpxI skI DI df kql kr idwqf. Aus dy afpxy pRym ivafh vflI GrvflI pqf nhIN ikhVy kfrnf krky pMdrF sfl pihlf hI nihr `c' Cfl mfr ky mr geI sI. jwt pYsLy vflf sI. gvfh koeI bixaf nf, ijvy ies kql ivwc sfry pMjFbI smfj dI hI mUk sihmqI sI. bfp Cuwt igaf aqy do sflF ivwc lgfqfr sLrfb pI pI ky mr igaf. sfrf KFnf hI qbfh ho igaf. isrP aqy isrP jfq-pfq dy kIVy krky.

                 ijs pMjfb dy isafsI lIzr, Dfrimk afgU, qy hor muwlF mulHfxy,ijs pwCmI siBaqf nMU idwny rfq bgYr pfxI pIiqA hI lfAz spIkr lf lf BMzI jFdy hn. AuQy aYsqrF dy axmnMUKI kfry nhIN huMdy. jLfq-pfq ieQy koeI nhIN. ivafh Bfvy hOlYz dy sLihjfdy vFg koeI arjntfienf dI sDfrx kUVI nfl krvf lvy jF kroVpqI bfp dI lVkI df idwl iksy KfkI nMg AWpr vI af skdf hY. ivafh jFnvrf vFg nr aqy mfdf df apo afpxI mrjLI df PYsLlf hY. ivafh qo bgYr vI qImI afdmI iewkTy rhI jFdy hn. bwcy vI pYdf hoeI jFdy hn. do nr mfdf dy myl ivwc iksy puls Tfxy df dKl nhIN. koeI bfp afpxI DI nMu ies mfmly ivWc kql nhIN krdf, jykr ieQy kuwC ieho ijhf hMudf vI hY qF Auh vI eysLIan jf arbI mUl dy lok hI apxIaF DIaF nMU DoKy nfl ipwCy afpxy mUl dysF ivwcL iljf ky PokI iewjq Kfqr nrVH ivafh krdy hn. kql qwk vI krvf idMdy hn. jy ieQy mIaF bIvI dI afps ivwc nhI vI inwBdI qF iPr vI koeI gwl nhI, lok afpsI sihmqI nfl awzo awzI ho jFdy hn. ieh nhIN puls nMU pYsy dy ky dfj mMgx df kys bxvf ky sxy kwty vwCI sfry twbr nMU hI aMdr krvf dvo. gurudfs mfn gFAudF huMdf sI ihMdu kihMdf aYDr af. muwlHf kihMdf afAuDr jf. kihx iesfeI rOlHf pf sB qo hY igrjf awCf. kuwC kihMdy rwb iewko hI af. ijMnHy rwb dy KYr Kvfh,afpxf afpxf lfAudNy dfa, sB DrmF dy bMdy aFdy mihKfny ivwc iewk ho jFdy. Drmf vfly rOlHf pFdy. qYnMU kI prvfh. Cwz DrmF dy JgVy JyVy nf vws qyry nf vws myry rwb (jfq) dy pyky sfhury ikhVy qYnMU kI prvfh, msqI mnF qMU msqI mnf. qy mY hux mihKfny nMU cwilaf hF. clogy myry nfl. afmIn.

ienklfb ijLMdfbfd, murdfbfd, qy iPr ijLMdfbfd   

 joigMdr bfT hOlYNz

ipwCly sfl pqf nhIN ikhVy prcy ivwc sfzy muMbeI vsdy msLhUr lyKk suKbIr dI iewk purfxI kivqf "ienklfb ijLMdfbfd murdfbfd, pVHI aqy nfl hI Aus kivqf dI ivafiKaf aqy sLpstIkrx krdf hoieaf iewk lyK vI iDafn gocrf hoieaf. suKbIr pihlF vI gfhy ibgfhy keI vfr pMjfbI pricaf aqy aKbfrF ivwc CwpdIaF afpxIaF ilKqF ivwc spwsLt kr cuwikaf hY ik bysLk Auh KwbypwKI qrjL dy ienklfb df hFmI sI aqy awj vI hY. pr iPr vI Auh iksy KwbypwKI isafsI pfrtI df mYNbr nhIN hY. Auh hux qwk ies ivcfrDfrf nMU qno-mno cfhuMidaf hoieaf vI hmysLf ajLfd ivciraf hY. pr iPr vI suKbIr KwbI-isafsq dy jfxy-mfxy aqy vwKrI qrF dI ilKx sLYlI krky ky pihcfxy jFdy lyKkF ivwc sLumfr huMdF hY. pRIqlVHI qo lY ky nvF jLmfnf qwk bhuq sfry pMjfbI hPqfvfrI, mfsk,qRYmfsk aqy bwuD nMU hlUx vfilaF pricaF ivwc AunHF dIaf icwTIaF,khfxIaF aqy nFvlf dy aMsL Cwpdy rihMdy hn. AunHF Aupr ikwsy vI isafsI pfrtI df kMuzf nhIN hY. pr ? iPr vI Auh AuWnI sOa sqfsI ivwc ilKI afpxI ieh kivqf "ienklfb ijLMdfbfd murdfbfd, iksy Jk, zr jF afpxI aMqr-afqmf dI avfjL dy boJ kfrx pUrI nhIN kr sky sn. ikANik AnHF dI smJ muqfbk jo kusL Kwby-sMsfr ivwc mfVf-cMgf Aus vkq ho irhf sI Auh sB kuC Bfrq dIaF kOminsLt pfrtIaF jfxdIaF hox dy bfvjUd vI sDfrx kfzr nMU hor hI sLbjbfg ivKfAudIaF sn. TIk AuvyN, ijvy Dfrimk mwTf, zyiraF, msIqF aqy Drm aDfrq isafsI pfrtIaF ivwc vrqfrf cldf hY. ienHf Dfrimk sQfnF dy murIdf aqy sLrDflUaf nMU asl ivwc jo kuC vI AunHF dI sMsQf ivwc cMgf-mfVf cwl irhf huMdf hY dy bfry iksy hwd qwk sB igafn  MhuMdf hY, pr iPr vI Auh kohlU dy blHd vFg bgYr iksy ivroD dy iksy afpxI jfqI afs dI pUrqI dI lflsLf ivwc zyiraF mwTF dy cwkr lfeI jFdy hn, sMgqf nMU icwtf cfnx huMidaF vI mUMh bMd aqy awKF mIc ky,pRvwcn suxnf qy bfibaF df idwqF prsLfd sxy mwKI bgYr iksy hIl- hujq dy aMdr lMGfAuxf pYdF hY. TIk Ausy qrF dI hI hflq Auh Aus smyN Kwby-pwKI pfrtIaF dy kfzr dI mihsUs krdy sn. sLfied iesy krky ikANik Auh Kwud vI KwbypwKI ivcfrF dy hfmI hox krky iksy zr jf Jk kfrx afpxI AunwI sO sqfsI vflI kivqf 'ienklfb ijMLdfbfd murdfbfd' ilK ky vI pUrI nhIN ilK sky sn. sfLied AunHF nMU agy zYQ aNYz njLr af irhf sI.

           pr zYQ aYNz qf iksy vI cIjL df nhIN huMdf. ienklfb df mqlb ienklfb dr ienklfb hMudf hY, TIk Ausy qrF ijs qrF vDIaF bxI sLVk 'c smyN dy nfl mINh-kxI, grmI srdI nfl toey aqy qryVF pY jFdIaf hn, pfxI KVf ho jFdf hY hfdisaF aqy rfhgIrF dy jfn mfl nMU nuksfn hox df Kwqrf pYdf ho jFdf hY aqy iPr Aus sLVk dI murwmq dr murwmq jrUrI hMudI hY nhIN qF lok kihx lg pYdy hn ies nflo qF kwcf rfh hI TIk sI. eysy qrF afey ienklfbf dI vI murwmq dr murwmq jrUrI sI. ipCly AuWnHI sflF ivwc bhuq kwuC grbfcovI Zwkx dy cuwky jfx kfrx eIst-blok df gMd mMd bfhr af irhf hY. ieh avwC aFAuxf vI sI aqy aFAxf vI cfhIdf hY. ieh smF svY pVcol df smF hY. ipwCy jhy nvF jLmfnf ivwc msLhUr pMjfbI lyKk sukIrq ny afpxy mYksIko PyrI vfly sLPrnfmy ivwc qroqskI bfry bVy purfxy aqy dwby Byq Kohly sn. stfln vwlo afpxy qo vDIaf aqy buDIjIvI qroqskI dy kql dI sLijs df BfzF sukIrq ny afpxy ies sLPrnfmy ivwc BMinaf sI. ieho ijhy BfVy dy kfql stfiln ny XogoslfvIaf dy Aus smyN dy pRDfn mfrsLl tIto nMU mrvfAux vfsqy vI bYlgrfz Byjy sn pr Auh tIto nMU kql krvfAux ivwc kfmXfb nhIN ho sikaf sI. Byq KwulHx qy mfrsLl tIto ny jvfbI icwTI ivwc stfiln nMU iliKaf sI ik Auh afpxIaF hrkqF qo bfj af jfvy nhIN qf Aus nMU vI ieho ijhy BfVy dy kfql mfsko Byjxy pYxgy.bOlIvuz dy iPlmI KlnfiekF kfdrKFn aqy amrIsLpurI vFg. pr hux smyN bdl gey hn pihlF zyry dI sMgq vFg kfzr afpxy nyqfvF aqy prtI dy QYNk-tYNkF df iliKaF boilaF Duro afey hukmF vFg swq bcn afK ky mMnI jFdf sI ibnf iksy ikMqU prMqU qo pr hux kfzr vI isafxF ho igaf hY. Auh hux lIzrF dI kihxI qy krnI dy aml nMU prKdF hY. kfzr hux hwQF qy srHo jMmdI vyKx df afdI ho cuikaf hY PokIaF lihrF aqy aMnIaF twkrF ivwc Aus df ivsLvfs Gtdf jFdf hY, iesy krky sMsfr ienklfb df supnf lY ky cilaf sfrf Kwbf sMsfr KwKVIaF kryly ho ky rih igaf hY. iekwlI ihMdosqfn dI  mF pfrtI sI pI afeI ivwco hI KrbUjLy dIaF PfVIaF vFg keI hor pfrtIaF jMm peIaF hn aqy drjLnF hI hor ienklfbI grup inkl afey hn. ieny lwGU Drm qF sLfied hjLfrf sfl purfxy ihMdU Drm ivwco vI nhIN inkly sn? ieh sfrIaF hI pfrtIaF aqy grwup afpxy afp nMU afm lokfeI nflo isaFxy aqy ivigafnk soc dy DfrnI vI aKvfAudyN hn,sLied ieho hI ivigafnk soc hY ik iek sYlI jIv amINby vFg iewk qo twut ky do ho jfvo, do qo cfr aqy iPr hjLfrf lwKF.

       hux jwd dI brln dI kMD twutI hY qf kuwC sLrqf dy aDIn hOlYNz ivwc eIst-blok qo qkrIbn swT hjLfr dy krIb kFmy ieQo dy mkFn AusfrI dy kMMmF aqy sbjLI agfAux vfly sLIsy dy bxy hry-Grf (grIn hfAus) ivwc kMm krdy hn, Xorp vwlo qih kIqI Gwto Gwt PI GMtF AujLrq qy, Auh sfzy nfl hI kMm krdy hn aMgryjLI qf AuhnF 'cO sOa ivwco msF pMjF dwsf nMU hI aFAudI hY pr jrmn BfsLf qkrIbn QoVI bhuq Auh sfry hI jFxdy hn. purfxf Kwby-pwKIaf hox krkyN jigafsf vws mY hryk afpxy nfl kMm krx vfly polYNz, rUsI, cYko,jF hMgrI dy sfQIaf nfl purfxy simaF dy sLosilsLt pRbMD bfry kusL cMgF sunx dI afs ivwc gwlbfq krdf hI rihMdf hF, keI vfr qF kuryd ky vI pwuCdf hF. pr aPsos, hux vflI jvFn pIVHI ivwco koeI vI Aus pRbMD nMU cMgF nhIN smJdf. rUsIaF nMu qf pOlYNz dy kfmyN ihtlr vFg iswDIaF hI gFlHf kwZx lwg pYdNy hn ikAuNik Auh smJdy hn ijMnf ku nuksfn AunHF df ihtlr ny kIqf sI Aunf ku hI rUsIaF ny AUnI sOa pMqflI qo bfad Aunwnvy qwk kr idwqf. ieh sux ky myrI vI hflq suKbIr dI AudfsI dI hflq ivwc ilKI kivqF ienklfb ijLMdfbfd murdfbfd vrgI hI ho jFdI hY.

         kMD tuwtx qo bfad iewk hPqy dy aMdr mY Kud afpxIaF awKF nfl vyKx purfxy zI zI afr (eIst jrmnI) ivwc igaf sF. Aus jrmnI aqy ies jrmnI ivwc jLmIn-asmfn df Prk sI. lokF dy Dwky nfl qoVy lohy dy pridaf vfly ies bfrzr nMU lMGidaF hI ieAuN mihsUs hoieaf ijs qrF cFnx nfl Bry Gr nMU Cwz ky mYN iksy hnHyr koTVI ivwc af viVHaF hovF? iksy vI cOrfhy Aupr mYnMU Aus inwky ijhy ksby ivwc trYPk lfietF nhIN njLr afeIaF aqy nF hI sLVkF Aupr loVIdyN jrUrI sUcnF-Xfck jrUrI borz, jy ikqy lwgy vI sn qF awKrF dI lfl isLafeI nMU jMgFl aqy slHfBf cUs igaf sI aqy nF hI srvjLnk QFvf aqy pfrkF ivwc Pwul bUty hI lwgy hoey idsy. akqUbr df mhInF hox krky ho skdf hY myrI njLrI hI nf pey hox? GrF nMu grm krn vfly aMgIiTaF dIaF icmnIaF ivwco dI inkldy pwQr dy koilaF dy DMUey dy mUsLk dI siVaFd nwk nMu sfV rhI sI. pbilk tYlIPon bUQ vI mYnMU ikwDry njLr nhIN afieaf ienHF cOhF GMitaF dy qory Pyry dy dOrfx. rMg rogn qo rihq Audfs ibMlizgF rMg-ibrMgy mOsmF dI mfr Kf Kf ky BUrIaF qo kflIaF hoeIaF afpxI dfsqfn suxf rhIaf sn. iKVkIaF ivwc ltkdy byrMg pridaF dy mgr pIilaF jLrd ichiraF ivwc gwzIaF bwuZIaF awKF sFnMU BUry rMg dy ajLnbIaF nMU iewk twk GUrdIaF njLr aFAudIaF sn. sLfm nUMu ikqy ikqy ibmfr jhIaf strIt lfietF isrPL afpxF Bfr cuwkx vfly KMibaF df aihsfn Auqfrn leI Auhnf dy pYrF nMU hI msF rOsLn kr rhIaf sn. cfr cuPyry byrMgy aqy Audfs mOsm df rfj sI. dukFnf qF sFnMU ikqy idsIaF hI nhIN sn,iewk do bIar bfrF jrUr sn. ijMnHF ivwc vVHn df sfzf hIaf hI nhIN pY irhf sI. hr afdmI sFnMU awKF PfV PfV ky vyK irhf sI, ieAu lwgdf sI ijvyN sfzy qo pihlF ieQo idaF bfisLidaF ny kylHy aqy sMqry dy PlH vfg pihlF koeI kflf jF BUrf bMdF hI nF vyiKaF hovy? pr asI qF sQfnk lokF nfl iml bol ky ies nvyN afey ienklfb bfry kuC khIeY kuC suxIeY dy muhfvry vfFg kuC suxnf aqy kuC sunFAuxf cfhuMdy sF. sfnMU jrmn BfsLf vI aFAudI sI, cOh GMitaf dy Pyry qory qo bfad asIN iZwz nMu Julkf dyx vfsqy iewk bIar bfr ivwc hOslf krky vVH hI ge,y AuQy iPr AuhI gwl, sfry ipawkV aqy bIar bfr df kirMdf sfnMU ajIb jhIaF njLrF nfl vyKx lg pey, iksy ny vI sfNnMU jI aieaF nf afiKaf kuwC icr bYTx qo bfad mY Kud AuWT ky bfr dy kFAtr qy igaf qy jrmn BfsLf ivwc do rsLIan kOPIaF aqy KFx leI kuwC brftvost ( kwuC hot zOg vrgf) afrzr kIqy, AuQy asIN iPr ipawkVF aqy bfr dy kfirMdy nfl jrmn BfsLf ivwc hI gwl bfq krn dI kosLs kIqI, pr iewk KfsL ivhfrI hwd qo bfad ieQy vI koeI bMdF sfzy nfl KwulH ky ivcfr vtFdrf krn nMU iqafr nhIN sI. lok zry zry ijhy lwg rhy sn. ijs sosLilsLt issitm dI cVHfeI dy asI jdo dI surq sMBflI sI sohly suxdy afey sF aqy ieho ijhy pRbMD nMU hI afpxy mulK ihMdosqfn ivwc lfgU krn leI mujfhry,zrfmy aqy dysL dy hfkmF nfl twkrF lYdy afey sF, sovIaq sMG qo Cwpdy rMgIn AuWc imafrI pMjfbI dy ssqy ryt ivwc imldy pRfpygMzy vfly mYgjInF vflf sLosilsLt sMsfr ikqy vI njLr nf afieaF. mn zfhzf avfjLfr hoieaf. iewk KUbsurq supny dI mOq vyK ky afp muhfry hI awKF nm ho geIaf. kroVF lok jo ies vwkq vI ies supny nMMU sfkfr krn leI sfmrfjIaF dy iKlfPL brfbrI dI jMg lV rhy hn, myrIaF awKF sfhmxy Guwm gey,kI bxUgF AuhnF lKU-KF lokF dI lVfeI df? ikANik mY qF awj Aus supny dI mOq dy swQr qy bYTf sF.

              dUjI vyr cOdF sfl bfad do hjLfr cfr ivwc iPr Asy pfsy PyrI pfeI. aYqkI idRsL hor vI iBaMkr sI. ikqy ikqy iemfrqF Aupr rMg rogn qF ho gey sn. glIaF,cOrfhyieaF,sLVkF dI hflq qF byhqr ho geI sI, ptrol pMp, KFx pIx vflIaF iJliml iJliml krdIaF suprmfrkItF, aqy ikqy ikqy pIjLy hwt qy cfienjL rYsLtorYNt vI KwulH gey sn, pr bMdF AhnF ivwc tFvf tFvF hI njLr afAudF sI, ikAuNik ksbf vwsoN pwKo awDf KflHI ho cwuikaf sI. lok Gr CWz ky pqf nhIN ikhVIaF ikhVIaF idsLvf nMU AuWz gey sn. kMm dI hflq mMdI sI. pr hux lok pihlF vFg zry zry ijhy nhIN lgdy sn, Auh hux ajLnbIaF nfl Gulx imlx vI lg pey sn aqy Aupry bMidaF nfl KuLwlH ky gwlfbfqf vI krn lwg pey sn. glIaF ivwc ijwDr vI njLr mfro tuty Bwjy cOV cOpwt KulHy bUhy aqy murMmq Kuxo ZihMdIaF iemfrqF njLr af rhIaf sn. ikqy ikqy ivwc ivcfly ipWCy rih gey smrwQf vfn mflkF ny apxy GrF nMU rMg rogn vI krvf ilaf sI, pr Auh boVy dy mUMh ivwc iewkf dwukf lgy sony dy dMdF vFg lgdIaF sn. asI jLynf sLihr dy afly duvfly hor ipMzF aqy ksibaF df dOrf vI kIqf pr swB pfsy iewko ijhI hI hflq sI. glIaF bjLfr suMny sn pr rFJy Xfr hoxI pqf nhIN ikwDr AuzfrIaF mfr gey sn. GrF dy Gr KflHI sn, sfry hI ivkfAu sn. keIaF nMMU qF muPLq vI sFBx vflf koeI nhIN lwB irhf sI. ikqy ikqy purfxy bjLurg lok, srkfrI krmcfrI jF nvyN Coty Coty DMidaF vfly lok hI rih gey sn. AujVy bfgF ivwc gflHV ptvfrI vflI hflq bxI peI sI. ipMzF 'co AujfVf rokx leI gOrimMt lokF nMu rfhq pYikt aqy mkFnf dI murwmq vfsqy ssqI dr qy krjLy muheIaF kr rhI sI. pr iPr vI AujfVf nhIN ruk irhf sI ikANik pwCmI jrmnI aqy dusry XorpIn mulKF ivwc aFm bMdy dI qnKfh df awDo awDI df Prk sI. purfxIaF zI zI afr vflIaF sFJIaF PYktrIaf aqy sFJy KyqI-bfVI dy Pfrm hux ies nvyN afey ienklfb jF Ault ienklfb ivwc vylf ivafh cuwky sn aqy nwby prsLYNt bMd ho cuwky sn. ieh kbfV dy rUp ivwc hIr nMU jbrI zolI cVHfAux vFg pfiksqfn jF aPrIkf vwl nMU DfhF mfrdy smUMdrI jhfjF ivwc lwdy jf rhy sn. purfxf siBafcfr mVHIaF dy rfhy pY cwikaf sI aqy ipwCy rih gey AumrNo huty lokF dI hflq hux qIjI vfr iPr qrsLXog sI.

      dUjI sMsFr jMg ivwc nfjLIaf dI hfr qo bfad jrmn do ihisaF ivwc vMizaf igaf. iewk ihwsf jo ieMglYNz, amrIkF,PrFs dIaF POjLf dy kbjLy Qwly sI pwCmI jrmnI aKvfieaf aqy dUsrf ihwsf jo rUs lYz dy kbjLy ivwc sI Auh AWqrI jrmnI aKvfieaF ijs nMU zI zI afr vI kihMdy  sn, TIk Ausy qrHF ijs qrHF sfzF pMjfb vMizaf igaf sI ijs nMUu asIN cVHdf pMjfb aqy lihMdf pMjfb afKdy hF. zI zI afr dy lok ihtlr qo Cutkfrf pf ky rUsIaF Qwly af gey sn. sLosilsLst pRbMD vflf iewk nvF afriQk arQcfrF, sfrIaF vwtF bMny Zfh ky sfrI kOmI sMpqI nMU sfry lokF dI mlkIaq bxf ky sB df sFJf lfgU kIqf igaf. pr ieh koeI jrmn lokF dy aMdro AuiTaF ienklfb nhIN sI, hfry hoey lokF aqy mMgiqaF kol cunx leI koeI hor rfh nhI hMudf. jMg dy BMny afm lokF ny msF suwK df sFh ilaF sI aqy mulK dy dono ihwsy afpo afpxy ivwq muqfbk afpo afpxy ihwsy dI muV AusfrI krn lwgy, aqyy eysy dOrfn duwnIaF dI Kwlkq vI qwqI jMg qo bfad TMzI jMg dI vjhf nfl do ihisaf ivwc vMzI geI ijs nMU sfzy vrgy rMgrUt gf ky sxfAudy hMudy sNn " do ihisaf ivwc Kwlkq vMzI, iewk lokF dI iewk jokF dI" kI lokF dy ies rfj ivwc sB kusL brfbr sI, iewk ibnf ivwqkry vfly smfj ivwc sfrI AUc nIc aqy ivqkry Kwqm ho gey sn? kI pUry sosLilsLt kYNp dy dysLF dy lok aps ivwc iml vrq skdy sn? nhI. Ausy hI PyrI ivwc asI ijs hotl ivwc Tihry sF Aus dy iqMn ihwsy sn. TMzI jMg aqy zI zI afr  dy simaF ivwc sB qo Auprly ihwsy ivwc pwCm qo afey sYlfnIaf nMU Tihrfieaf jFdf sI ijwQy dunIaF dI hr sLYa zflrF ivwc AuplWBd sI. ivcflVy ivwc rUsI mihmfnF nMU aqy sB qo hyTly ihwsy ivwc Aus dysL dy aFm lokF nMU, iqMnF hI iksmF dy mihmFnf nMMU afps ivwc iml bYTx df koeI vI mOkf nhIN idwqf jFdf sI. AunHF dy KFxy vI vwKry sn. AuWqrI jrmnI ivwc bYTy rUsI POjIaF nMU sQfnk lokF nfl Gulx imlx dI sKq mnfhI sI aqy pwCmI mulKF ivwco afey pRfAuixaF nfl vI POjIaf nMU rotI bytI dI sFJ nf rwKx dI sKq hdfieq sI. ibnF ivwqkry vfly smfj ivwc vI kicafx afAux dI hwd qwk ivqkrf sI. bfkI jsUsI aYNnI ik ieko Gr ivwc rihMidaf mIaF bIvI nMU hI qOKlf lwgf rihMdf sI ik AunHF ivwco iewk jF dUsrf srkfr dF sUhIaF hI nf hovy? pwCmI jrmnI ivwc rihMdy afpxy ivwCVy BYx BrfvF nMU imlx jFx vfsqy bVI agnI piriKaF ivwco dI lMGxF pYdF sI. keI keI sfl qPqIsLF cldIaF sn Pyr ikwqy jf ky hr hflq ivwc vfps muV afAux dI sLrq qy hI vIjLf imldf sI. jdo Auh lok ieDr pwCmI jrmnI ivwc af ky afpxy BrfvF dI afriQk qrwkI, KuwlHF mhOl aqy pdfrQF dI bhuqfq vyKdy sn qF dMg rih jFdy sn ikAuNik zI zI afr ivwc AuhnF nMU Gr dIaf jrUrI cIjLf ryzIA, tI vI, kwpVy Dox vflI msLIn aqy trfibMt (iewk CotI do isMlzr vflI kfr) leI vI sFlf bwDI ieqjLfr krnf pYdF sI lokF kol ivwq muqfbk prOKo vI sI pr iPr vI Gr dIaF mfmUlI cIjLf leI qrsxf pY irhf sI. keI lok qF vfps hI nhI prqy ieQy hI pwCmI jrmnI ivwc isafsI pnFh lY ky rih pey aqy ijhVy vfps jFdy Auh afm lokF ivwc jfky afpxy pwCmI jrmnI vfly BrfvF dI qrwkI aqy mrsIzjL,bI aYm

zblXU aqy Polksvfgn vrgIaf gwzIaF dIaF bfqF pFAudy, lok jo AWqrI jrmnI ivwc rih gey sn ijhVy ijMdgI dIaF mfmUlI cIjLf hFsl krn leI vI sFlf dy sFl qrlomwCI huMdy rihMdy sn Auh hux afpxy afp nMu hfiraf aqy hIxf mihsUs krdy sn. Aupro TMzI jMg df Kqrf sI, ijdo ijdI rUs aqy amrIkF dy hr rojL mfrU hiQafrF dy qjribaF nfl rojLfnf aKbfrf dy aKbfr Bry huMdy sn. lok msF msF pYrI afey sn. qwqy dwuwD dy sVy lok TMzI lwsI qo vI qirkdy sn qy Auh socdy sn pqf nhIN kdo aYtmbMbF dy BVfky pY jfx? briln, mfsko, bon, vfisLgtn,lMzn, pYrs, aYtmbMbF dI nrkI awg ivwc sVH ky Dvwsq ho jFx? dohF hI mhFsLkqIaF lokF aqy jokF dIaF dI awDI qo vwD tYksf dI aFmdx apxy duvfly lohy dIaF kMDF arQfq surwiKaF Aupr Krc ho rhy sn. swqr sfl dI iewk pUrI dI pUrI pIhVI iewk glHGotU mhOl ivwco gujLr rhI sI. pihlF Auh nfjLIaF dy nfl jF nfjLIaf Qwly ihtlr dy jMgI aiBafs leI sfrI duwnIaf nfl lVdy iBVdy afpxf vYrI bxf ky twut-Bwj aqy aphfjL ho cuwky sn. jo bc gey sn mulK nMU muV pYrF isr krn leI rUsIaF Qwly jf AunHF dI qrjL qy vI afpxy BrfvF nflo pwCVy aqy BwuK-nMg hI hMzF rhy sn. hr afdmI dihsLq Qwly cwup gVup afpxy afp aqy afpxI hoxI qy JUrdf quiraf iPrdf sI. iewk pUrI dI pUrI pIVHI hI nwbivaf qwk afpxy afp nMU hfrI hoeI mihsUs kr rhI sI.

      mulKo bfhr jfxf, jF dUjy mulKF dI sYr krn df iewko iewk hI gfzI rfh sI, iewk vDIaf iKzfrI hoxf, isrP iewk cMgF iKzfrI hI Kyz dy bhfny dUsry mulKF jf pwCmI Xorp dy dysLf dI sYr kr skdf sI. eysy krky awj vI ijhVy jvFn lok purfxy rUslYz, pOlYz, hMgrI qo afAdNy hn AunHF kol hor kuwC Bfvy pfAux nMU hovy Bfvy nf pr iewk trYksUt jrUr huMdF hY, ikANik ieh Kyz dI pOsLfk hI Aus smyN ajfLdI df aqy dUsry mulKF nMu vyKx dF pRqIk bx cuwkI sI, eysy krky AunHF simaF ivwc aYQlYitks,hfkI, qYrfkI, ijmnfsitk aqy Putbfl ivwc rUslYNz aqy eIstblOk vfilaf dI JMzI huMdI sI. sony cFdI dy mYzl ieh lok afpxI isLwdqI Kyz nfl luwt ky lY jFdy sn. iPr jdo grbfcov ny mfhVf ijhf ajLfdI vflf Zwkx iZlf kIqf qf ieh ijMn boql df Zwkx qoV ky hI bfhr inwkl aieaf lokF dy sbr df kVH pft igaf sI. Ah afpxIaF ijMdgIaF dFa qy lf Bwj Bwj ky ivdysLI srfPq KFinaf ivwc isafsI pnFh lYx lgy. vyKidaF hI vyKidaF vfrsfAu, prfg,budfpYst, dy pwCmI jrmnI dy srfPqKFny eIst jrmnI qo Bwjy lokF nfl Br gey aqy iPr iewk aYsf quPfn aieaf ijs ny lwKF lokF dI mOq nfl AusrI kMD jo eIst blOk aqy pwCmI srmfeydfrI mulKF ivwc lohy dy pridaF krky jfxI jFdI sI nMU inhwQy bfgI lokF dy hVH ny ibnf iewk vI mnUwKI jfn gvfey bgYr lIro lIr kr idwqf. POjIaF ny afpxIaF bdUkF dIaF nflIaF nMU gMZf dy leIaf sn. arbF KrbF zflr, rUbl jo TMzI jMg dOrfn mfrU inAuklrI, jIvfxU, aYtmbMbF Aupr afpxI Kwlkq nMU BuwKy mfr ky Krcy sn swB ivwarQ gey. bMb-bdUKF swB Dry Drfey rih gey aqy lok afpxy cOqflI sflF dy bnvfs bfad iewk vfr iPr iewk dUsry nMU KUsLI ivwc KIvy hoey jPIaF pfeI nwc rhy sn vodkf aqy ivskI dIaF GuwtF nMU iewk dUsry nfl sfJf kr rhy sn aqy ivCoVy dI pRqIk kMD dIaF iewtF put ky insLnI dy qOr qy afpxy zrfieg-rUmF ivwc sjFAux leI lYa gey sn, aqy iPr ieh iewk nvNy ienklfb df idAu pUry smfjvfdI kYNp nMU hI inwgl igaf. ijhVf rUbl iqMnF zflrF df iQafAudf sI Auh izwgdf izwgdf zflr dI pYnI dy brfbr vI nf irhf. pUrF kMm krdf sosLilsLt pRbMD jo ipCwly swqr sFlf ivwc Ausfiraf sI iewk dwm iewko hI Jtky ivwc awk dIaF mfeI buwZIaf vFg hvf ivwc AuWz igaf aqy lwKF lokF dI mOq nfl aieaf purfxf ienklfb murdfbfd ho igaf

         sosLilsLt issLitm  df Zih ZyrI hoxF vI pqf nhIN ieh iewk hor ienklfb sI jF ijvyN asI kfmryV lok afpxIaF glqIaF nMU CupfAux dI Kfqr ies nMU srmfeydfrI dI cfl jF Ault ienklfb vI kihMdy hF. asl ivwc ieh sosLilsLt pRbMD aqy srmfeydfrI pRbMD ivwc iewk sLIq dMgl sI aqy ieh dMgl sosLilsLt kYNp hfr igaf, jykr ieh sLosilsLt kYNp mukfbly ivwc dws sfl hor kwZ jFdf qf sLied srmfeydfrI issLitm df idvflf inkl jFdf ikANik dovy hI issLitm iewk dUsry nMu nIvF ivKfAux Kfqr Gr PUk qmfsLf vyK rhy sn. hF jykr sosLilsLt mulKF dy bfisLidaF nMu pUrI duwnIaF ivwc Guwmx iPrn dI ajLfdI huMdI qF AunHF dy Brm BulyKy dUr ho jFdy pwCmI muLlKF dy sYlfnIaF vFg Auh vI duwnIaf vyK ky afpo afpxy mulKF dI qrwkI ivwc jut jFdy nvIN qknIk nvyN ivcfrF df adfn pRdfn huMdf. kfsL lokF dy isrF Aupr 'dOly sLfh' dy cUihaF vrgy lohy dy top bcpn ivwc hI nf cfhVy huMdy pYrF ivwc pYNKV  aqy sosLilsLt issLitm dI qrwkI dy kUV prcfr dy zhy glF ivwc nf pfey huMdy, lok KwulHIaF ajLfdIaf mfxdy qF ieh idwn nhIN aFAuxy sn. ies kilafxkfrI sosLilsLt issLitm ny jrUr qrwkI krnI sI ikAuNik afm mnuwKqF dI BlfeI qy brfbrI vfly ies pRbMD df hor koeI pRbMD sfNnI nhI hY ieh issLitm qF hmysLf hI ijLMdfbfd hY.

        hux vyKo sLhId Bgq isMG ienklfb aqy vrg bfry afpxI idwn-vrkI (zfierI) ivwc ieAuN not krdf hY,' sfry dy sfry vrg sqf hFsl krn leI ienklfbI huMdy hn aqy brfbrqf dIaf glF krdy hn. sfry dy sfry vrg swqf pRpq kr lYdy hn qF sMkIrnqfvfdI bx jFdy hn aqy mMn lYdy hn ik brfbrqf iewk supnf Br hY sfry dy sfry vrg, isLrP iewk mjLdUr jmfq nMU Cwz ky ikAuNik ijvyN 'kfmqy' ny ikhf hY " swc ikhf jfvy qF mjLdUr vrgI iewk vrg huMdf hI nhI sgo Auh qF smfj df sGMtk huMdf hY, lykn mjLdUr vrg df vwkq Xfin ik sfry lokF df iewk hox df vwkq ajy vI nhIN afieaf" kfmqy (1798-1857) sLhId Bgq isMG qF ieh ivcfr afpxI idwn-vrkI ivwc drjL krky aqy mjLdUrf iksfnF dy hkIkI rfj dy supny nMU sfkfr krn leI ienklfb ijLMdFbfd df nfhrf sfry ihMdosqfn dy dwby kucly lokF nMU dy ky jobn ruwqy hI PfsLI dy rwsy nMU cuMm igaf. ikAuik Ausdy supinaf df ienklfb qF Aus dy ijAudNy jI hI rUs lYNz ivwc af cuwikaf sI aqy jo Aus mhFicqMk ny sMsfr ienklfb df supnf ilaf sI Auh 1990 qwk afAudF afAudF hor hI ptVI pY igaf sI. lokF ny iewk hor hI iksm df ienklfb kr mfiraf ijhVf iksy ny ikafisaf qwk vI nhI sI. Auh ienklfb vI lokF ny ilaFdf sI aqy ieh ienklfb vI, kI hor ienklfb afAuxy sovIaq XUnIan dy ZIh ZyrI hox nfl hI Kwqm ho gey,nhIN,agy hor ikho ijhy ienklfb aFAuxgy ieh qf vkq hI dwsygf. ijho ijhI mMdI dI mfr ies vwkq hux pUry sMsfr ivwc cl rhI hY ieh vI iksy hor afAux vfly ienklfb dI hI knsOa hY. pr ienklfb hoxgy jrUr ieh mnUMKI gorv aqy qrwkI dy pRqIk hn. ienklfb ijMLdfbfd hY aqy hmysLf hI ijLMdFbfd rhygf.

                                   joigMdr bfT hOlYNz

ikqy mMdI dI ieh mfr XOrpIan XUnIan dI eykqf nMU hI nf lY bYTY ?

joigMdr bfT hOlYz                            

iewk mMdy df BUq jo amrIkF dI blwP afriQkqf nMU qbfh krdf hoieaf sfrI duwNnIaf ivwc hI afdm bo afdm bo krdf iPrdf hY, nMU kIlx leI ies nIlI DrqI dy afrQk mfhr aqy lfl buJwkV afpo-afpxy qrIky aqy ivwq muqfbk mMqr PUkdy iPrdy hn. Xqn aqy AV-pohV jfrI hn. pr lgdf hY ik ies vfr ieh CyqI kfbU aFAux vflf nhIN hY. keIaf dysLf dy loty mUwDy ies ny mfr idwqy hn aqy keIaF dy hwQ ies BUq TUTf PVf dyxf hY.

         mfrc dy pihly hPqy ies amoV mMdy dy pRyq nfl ikvy nijwiTaf jfvy,brwsl ivwc XorpIan XUnIan dy sfry dysLf dy lIzr isr joV ky   ivcfrF kr rhy hn ik kIqf kI jfvy? vwZI smwisaf qF huxy huxy qfjLy XorpIan XUnIan ivwc rlyH pUrbI Xorp dy pUrfxy kOminsLt isLstm vfly mulKF dI hY. brwsl dI ies 'top mIitMg' ivwc ieh svfl AuWBr ky sfhmxy afieaf hY ik ienHF nvy qy afrQk pwKo mfVy BrfvF nMU mMdy qo pihlF vflI hflfq vFg afriQk mwdq jfrI rwKI jfvy, jF nF? ieh hI iewk svfl XorpIan XUnIan dy lIzrF dI mIitMg vfly myjL Aupr kfly nfg vFg PMnH iKlfrI mylHdf irhf. ies ikwkr dI sUl dI pIV vrgy svfl df jvfb lwBxf XorpIn lIzrF leI nMgy pYrI BMKVy dy kMizaF Aupr qurn brfbr sI. pr ies svfl df jvfb dyr svyr lwBxf hI pYxf hY, nhIN qF XUnIan dI sFJ qy iekwT Aupr hI svflIaf insLfn lwg jfvygf, ikwqy ieh nf hovy sfrf sLIrfjLf hI ibKr jFdf hovy?

       "nvyN BrF" jo XorpIan XUnIan ivwc ajy qfjLy hI rlHy hn Auh ieh hn, hMgrI,iltlYNz,pOlYNz,cYko,slvfkIaf,ieh dysL qfjy qfjy XUnIan ivwc rwl ky 'kAuey' ajy hMs dI cfl cwlx hI lwgy sn ik Auqo ies PwkIaF AuzfAu  mMdvfVy dI mfr af peI. ienHF dysLf dIaF afriQkqfvF ajy afpxIaf vihMgIaF afp cuwkx dy ajy kfbl nhIN hoeIaF sn. ieh dysL ajy nvyN nvyN hI brln dI kMD twtx qo bfad purfxF kOminsLt issLtm iqafg ky pwCmI Xorp dI qrjL qy apo afpxy dysLf ivwc srmfeydfrI pRbMD nMU afpxI Kwlkq Aupr lfgU hI kr rhy hn. ieh hux AUTF vfilaF nfl XfrI lf ky apxy drvfjLy vI ZfhI bYTy hn aqy pwkf vyK ky kwcy Aupr vI afpxy hwQI hI khI vfhI bYTy hn. sosLilsLt issLtm vfly arQcfry df qf kdo dy ieh dysL Bog pfeI bYTy hn. ienHF dI sfrI purfxI kMm krdI snaq qbfh ho cuwkI hY. Xorp dy amINr kbfVIey ienHF mUlKF dy iksy hwd qwk sfry hI kfrKfny purfxy lohy dy Bfa pMjfh sYNt iklo KrId ky aPrIkf,pfiksqfn sfAuQ amrIkf phuMcF cuWky hn. pUrIaf dIaF pUrIaF kMm krdIaF PYktrIaF sxy nt bolt kbfV lohy dy Bfa ivwk cuwkIaF hn.iehnF dI qF Cwzo dUjy pfsy XUnIan dy purfxy mYbNr grIslYNz,purqgfl,afierlYNz vI aMqr-rfsLtrI krjLy dI dl-dl ivwc idwn-b-idwn hor qoN hor Qwly vwl Dwsdy hI jFdy hn aqy Xorp aqy aMqr-rfsLtrI hor krjLf dyx vfly ivwqI adfry vI afpxIaF krjLf muhweIaf krvfAux vflIaF tUtIaF nMU puTf gyVf dyeI jFdy hn qy ienHF dysLf dI afriQkqf ies vkq idvflf inklx dy kMZy jf KVHI hY.

          ipwCly kuwC mihinaF qo ienHF mulKF dy ivwqI adfiraF ivwc avfVy AWuTdy rhy sn ik XorpIan XUnIan koeI JUrlU-Pyr afriQk pYikt ienF mulKF dI afriQkqf nMU iPr lIhy pfAux leI aYlfn krx vflI hY. ikAuNik pwCm dy keI amIr mulKF dIaF keI bYNkF vI ienFH purfxy eIst blOk vfly mulKF ivwc afpxy arbf XUro-zflr vwZy munfiPaf dy lflc ivwc ienvYsLt kr cuwkIaF hn. Kfs krky afstrIaF dIaF bYNkF. ienFH bYkF aqy ivwqI adfiraF dI lObI jo brwsl ivwc bYTI hY ny vI afpxy ivwq aqy ruqby muqfbk dlIlF aqy apIlF nfl jor lfieaf hY ik ienHF nvyN rlyH BrfvF dI afriQkqF nMU brkrfr rwiKaf jfvy aqy XUnIan ienHF mulKF qo afpxF  hwQ ipCFh nf iKWcy sbsIzIaf qy PMzF vflf imhr Biraf hwQ hmysLf ienHF dy isrF AuWpr rwKy. ikAUNik ies lObI nMu pqf hY jykr ienHF XUnIan dy mfVy BrfvF dI mwdq bMd ho geI qF AunHF dy akfvF dy ienHF mulKF ivwc lwgy arbf zflr-XUro zuwb skdy hn. ies bfhrly aqy axkmfey pYsy ny ienHf purfxy kOminsLt ZFcy vfly mulKF dy bfisLidaF dI qrjLy-qor hI bdl ky rwK idwqI hY. AnHF nUM krijLaF aqy krYizt kfrzF dy aYsy gDI-gyV ivwc pf idwqf hY ik jy Auh hux cFhux vI qF, nhIN bfhr inwkl skdy. ieQy ienHF mulKF ivwc vI iewk Kfs qbkf KfsLf amIr ho cuwikaF hY AunFH dI rIsy rIs bfkI dy lok vI grkdy jFdy hn.ienFH nvyN rlHy mulKF df sfrf dfro mdfr hI krjLy Aupr sI, hyTf mY kuwC Audfrxf dy irhf hf.

dysL                        kul krjLf (kfrobfr ivwc)

cYko                             jLIro prsLYt

iltlYNz                        90  prsLYt

pOlYz                           30  prsLYt

hMgrI                          50  prsLYt

iltfAun                       40-45 prsLYt

romfnIaf                      50   prsLYt

         Aupr vyiKaF 'cYko' qoN Cuwt bfkI sfry hI XUnIan dy nvyN bxy mNYbr aMqr-rfsLtrI krjLy dI BfrI pMz cuwkI bYTy hn. iltlYNz dy pwly qF afpxI smrWQf isLrP dws prsLYt hI hY,krjLy, krYzt kfrzF aqy aMnHI amrIkn stfiel ijLdgI ny ienHF sUMZ dI gMzI lwBy nvyN vpfrIaF nMu hwQl kr ky rwK idwqf hY. ds ds sfl agy BivsL ivwc kmFAux vfly pYsy ieh lok huxy hI mkfnF, gzIaF, aqy hor aYsoL arfm dy smfn dy krijLaF dy rUp ivwc' cwbI bYTy hn. krjyL muheIaf krvfAux vfly adfry awj kwl afp kuiVkI ivwc hn aqy vsUlI nf hox qo zrdy mfry hor krjLf dyx qo ihwckcf rhy hn. hMgrI vrgy mulKF dI hflq hux hor qo hor bwdqr huMdI jFdI hY ikANik Ausdy afpxy iswky (PoirMnt) dI kImq XUro zflr dy mukfbly idwno idwn pqFlf nMu hI grkdI jFdI hY. AunHF leI afpxy iswky ivwc aMqr-rfsLtRI ivwqI adfiraF dy krjLy cukfAuxy muhfl huMdy jFdy hn. iltlYNz afriQk groQ dy mfmly ivwc bfkI sfry nvyN rlHy dysLf qo Aupr sI aqy hux phfV qoN irVHdy pwQr vFg zMUGI Kwz vwl irVHdI jf rhI hY. iltlYNz dI gOrimMt vI eysy vjHf krky izwg peI hY pr iltlYNz df iswkf XUro nfl ivhfieaf hox krky ajy afpxI kImq bcfeI bYTf hY. iltlYNz aqy hMgrI dI ies jMmxpIV nMU QoVf ijhf GtfAux ivwc "ieMtrnYsLnl monItyar PMz" ny jrUr kusL BuimkF inBfeI hY.

        pr ajy bhuq kusL krn vflf hY qy krnf loVIdF hY. ienHF mulKF ivwc lfey srmfey dIaF mflk bYNkF dI lObI ipCly hPqy brwsl ivwc iehnF mulKF dy hwk ivwc hvf bnfAux dy afhr ivwc lgIaF rhIaF hn. brwsl 'top mIitMg' ivwc afpxy ihsfb nfl sihMdf sihMdf dbfa pFAudI rhI hY ik XorpIan XUnIan aqy XorpIan sYtrl bYNk afpxf ienHF mfVy BrfvF dIaf bYkF aqy hor ivwqI adfiraF dI mwdq leI hor KIsLf iZwlf kry ikANik ienHF ivcfry nvyN rly mfVy BrfvF kol afpxI dukfn afpxy blbUqy clfAux jogI prOKo hI nhIN hY. sfrIaf njLrf hfl dI GVI pwCmI Xorp dI swB qo vwZI afriQkqf vfly mulK jrmnI dI cFslr 'eyNiglf mYrkl ' Aupr hI lwgIaF hoeIaF hn,ijhVI ik ipWCly

idwnI XUnIan dy mYNbr mulKF dy pRDfn mMqrIaF nfl ies msLly dy hwl leI lgfqfr mIitMgf kr rhI hY. vfikaf hI, jykr Auh ies mMdy dy BUq nfl nijwTx aqy mfVy BrfvF dI mwdq dIaF hkIkI kosLsf kr rhy hox?

mYrkl aqy Aus sfQI iewk vfr Pyr ies msly qy gwlbfq krx leI 19-20 mfrc nMU brwsl ivwc iekwTy ho rhy hn,aqy agFh "jI 20"XUnIan dy pwky mYNbr 2 apRYl nMu lMzn ivwc iekwTy ho rhy hn. iewk hor mIitMg cYko dI rfjDfnI 'prfg' ivwc AlIkI geI hY aqy iPr iewk sFJf iekwT jUn ivwc brwsl ivwc ho irhf hY.

         vrlz bYNk dy pRYjIzYNt 'robrt sLilk' ny PfnIsLIal tfeIms nF dy rsLfly ivwc bVy duWK nfl ikhf hY " 1989 ivwc kMD twutx qo 20 sfl bfad jykr awj XUnIan ies mMdy dI mfr vfly msly nMU hwl nf krx krky tuwtx dy kMZy jf KVHdI hY qF ies qo vwZI trYjLzI hor kI ho skdI

hY". hMgrI qy iltlYz dy pRFeIminstr afpxI nvIN hI skIm dI zwPlI vjfeI jFdy hn, Auh kihMdy hn ik purfxy kOminsLt issLtm vfly mulKF leI iewk vwKrf rfhq-pYikt XUnIan aYlfny pr bhuqy mYbNrF ny AunHF dI gwl qy kMn nhI Dwiraf ikANik lobIanF ny ajy vI hfr nhIN mMnI, ienHF mulKF leI ijhVI hfl dI GVI sfh dvfAu skIm AunHF ny XUnIan dy lIzrF dI myjL Aupr rwKI hY Aus nMU ajy hF vI nhIN hoeI aqy nF vI nhIN.

     ipwCly hPqy mfrc dy pihly aYqvfr svyry mwD aqy pUrbI Xorp dy lIzrF ny afpxI iewk vwKrI mIitMg kIqI hY. hMgrI dy pRDFn mMqrI 'PrYNk gfeIXur sYnI' ny KLbrdfr krn vrgI icqfvnI idwqI hY ik jykr sFnUM PorI loVIdI mwdq nf idwqI geI qf kMD tuwtx qo pihlF lohy dy pridaF vflI pUrbI aqy pwCmI Xorp ivwc iewk vfr Pyr pujLIsLn af skdI hY. Aus ny ikhf iekwly hMgrI nMU hux dI hflq ivwc sfh afAux leI 160 mIlIan XUro cfhIdy hn pr aYqvfr dI ies purfxy kOminsLt Kfsy vfly mulKF dI ies 'imMnI top' mIitMg ivwcly dysLF dy lIzrF ny Aus dI gl nMU Kfs nhIN gOilaf aqy AunHF dy sMGo mwD aqy pUrbI Xorp dy nvyN XorpIan XUnIan ivwc rlHy mulKF leI sLpYsl rfhq-pYikt aqy aYkstrf mwdq vflI burkI vI nhIN lwGI. ikAuNik cYko aqy pOlYNz aYny vI grky nhIN hn ik Gwto Gwt afpxf Bfr afp vI nf cuwk skx. Auh ieh mihsUs krdy hn ik AunHF dy dysLf dI sfrI sfrI afriQkqf isrPL aqy isrPL bfhrly ienvYstrF Aupr hI nhIN KVI hY. Auh Kud vI afpxI afriQkqf nMu Aupr iljfx vfsqy afpxy lokF nfl zwt ky myhnq kr rhy hn. pr burf hfl qF hMgrI, iltovn, iltlYNz aqy rumfnIaF df hY. iewk sUJfa hor vI idwqF igaf hY ik ieh mulK CyqI qoN CyqI afpxy iswky dy nfl XUro ivwc vI iswDf adfn pRdfn krn jykr ieh nf hoieaf qF sbMDq dysL afpxy iswky dI kImq nMU siQr nhIN rwK skdy sgo apxy iswky nMU isrPL aqy isrPL Kwqry ivwc hI pfAuxgy.

        cYko dy pRDfn mMqrI 'imrk topo lyink' jo hux jUn qwk XOrpIan XUnIan dy vI pRDfn (cYarmYn) hn. dy ivcfr ieAuN hn isrPL pYsF qy mwdq hI sfrf kwuC nhIN hn. sfnMU sfrIaf sbiszIaF aqy krjyL ienHF Qwly nMU lwQdy jFdy mulKF dy kMtrol krny cFhIdy hn, ihsfb ikqfb df zispln aqy aMdrLlI mfrkIt nMu hor AuqsLfh krnf hor vI jrUrI hY. ienHF mulKF nMU afpxI afriQkqf nMu iswkymMd krx vfsqy sKq imhnq krnI pvygI nf ik isrPL aqy isrPL bgfny hwQf jF brswl vwl ibnf kuC krn qo  JfkI jfxF, afpxy mulKF ivwco kurwpsLn Kqm krnI pvygI aqy pYsLf ijs kMm vfsqy afieaf hY Ausy kMm Aupr hI lwgy.

      iPr vI jykr afAux vfly smNy ivwc XUnIan milIafrzn XUroaf df pYkyt ienHf dysF nMU dyx qo nFh kr idMdI hY qF iPr vI mMdy dy TMzy Twky dy bulHy Xorp ivwc bMd nhIN hox lgy aqy hor ijvyN grIsLlYNz, aierlYNz, vrgy purfxy mYbNr dysLf dI afriQkqf vI ies mMdy dI hnyrI mUhry nhIN itkx vflI. ijvy ijvy mYbNr dysLf dy akFAut lfl hoeI jfxgy AunHI hI iswdq nfl XunIan leI dKl dyx dI nObq ijafdF bxdI jfvygI, jy nf kuwC kIqf igaf qf bVy hI qrwdq nfl bxfeI sFJI XorpIan XUnIan ijvy bwcyy iewtF dI lfien bxf ky pihlI iewt nMu dUjI Aupr zyg idMdy hn aqy aKIr ivwc iewk dUjI dI swt nfl sfrIaF hI izwg pYNdIaf hn, afKrI iewt qwk. ijs nMU XorpIn BfsLf ivwc 'zomIno iePYkt' vI ikhf jFdf hY vrgI hflq bx skdI hY. ibmfr hoeIaF bYNkF nMU srkfrI mwdq dy tIky lf ky iPr iewk vfr pihlF vFg kMm krx lfAuxf nfmumkx hY aqy hY vI bhuq mihMgf irsk. amIr pwCmI Xorp mYbNr hux kuwC hor qrIky nfl socx lwg pey hn ikANik Auh Kuwd afp vI mMdy dI mfr Jwl rhy hn aqy Auh ieh pYsF afpxy nfgirkF vfsqy surwiKaq rwKxf cfhuMdy hn.      

                                            joigMdr bfT hOlYz

hm bnjfro kI bfq mq pUCo jI

joigMdr bfT

ipCly sfl sqMbr dy mhIny ietlI dy iewk sLihr ivwc romf twprIvfsF dy iewk kYNp ivwc awg lg geI jf sLrfrqI qwqF ny lgf idwqI,iews awg ivwc iehnF ijpsIaF dy bhuq sfry qurdy iPrdy Gr Juls gey. ies awg dI Kbr jMgl dI awg vFg Xorp dy ielktronk mIzIaf qy muwK aKbfrF dy pMinaF qy sMpfdkIaf qwk PYl geI,aqy suwqI peI XorpIan XUnIan dy kMnF Aupr vI ienHF twprIvfsf dIaF musLklF dIaF  jMUaF srkx lwgIaf aqy kfhlI kfhlI ivwc Ausy hI mhIny ienHF ijpsIaF dIaF smwisafvF bfry brwsl ivwc 'top bihs' hoeI aqy Aus bihs ivwco muwdf ieh inkilaf ik hux ienHF bnjfiraf twprI vfsf dI smwisaf isLrP eIst Xorp dI hI nhIN rih geI, sgo ieh BuwK nMg dI bfrfq hux pwCmI Xorp dIaF brUhF qy hI nhIN AunHf dy zrFieg rUmF qwk vI phMuc geI hY. XorpIan XUnIan dy pRDfn imstr (josL mfnMUal bfrso) ny afpxy BfsLn ivwc ienHF swq jF awT mIlIan (ikALik ienHF dI pwkI igxqI bfry XorpIan XUnIan nUM vI pqf nhI hY) bnjfiraf twprIvfsF dI hflq suDfrn Aupr Aucycf jor idwqf, pr ieho ijhIaf gwlF bfqF qF XUnIan pihlF vI bhuq kr cuwkI hY, pr romF, isMqIaf qy hor twprIvfs jn smMUhF dI BlfeI vflF prnflf hmysLf AuQy df AuQy hI irhf sI. msly hmysLf isLgfrf aqy vfeIn dIaF cuwskIaF ivwc hI gvfc ky rih jFdy sn. ieh twprIvfsf dy Bly vflf mjLmF hux vI XorpIan XUnIan ivwc nhIN sI lwgxf jykr ietlI dy romF kYNp ivwc awg nf lgdI.

                              kOx hn ieh bnjLfry qy twprIvfs jn smMUh? romF qy isMqI. Xorp dy ieiqhfskfr ienHF twprIvfs jn-smMUhF nMU ihMdosqfn qo afey bfisLdy smJdy hn. sLbd isMqI AunHf jn-smMUhF leI vriqaf jfdf hY jo isMDU ndI dy afs pfs vwsy lokF ivwco afey sn aqy romF twprIvfsf df nF Bgvfn rfm dy nF qo ipaf hY. jrmn BfsLf ivwc ieNnHf lokf nMU 'sIgfAunF' ikhf jFdf hY jo ik ies iPkry qo Cotf ho ky bixaf hY ' sI-zyar-gfAunf' ijs df pMjfbI AulwQf "vyKo Auh cor" aMgryjLI ivwc ieNnHF nMU ijpsI ikhf jFdf hY. pMdrvI-solHvI sdI ivwc ieh jn-smMUh pqf nhIN iknHF kfrnf krky ihMdosqfn qo prvfs krdy krdy pwCmI Xorp qwk af phuMcy sn. 1420 eIsvI ivwc pihlF bnjfrf hOlYNz dy sLihr 'zyPYntr' phuMicaf sI. pr iPr vI ijafdf krky ieh lok AuqrI Xorp ivwc hI itky rhy,ipClI sdI dy surU ivwc ienHF ny pwCmI Xorp vwl vI sPr jf prvfs krnf surU kr idwqf sI. pr sdIaF dIaF sdIaF prvfs ivwc rihx krky jF hor kfrnf krky ieh jnsmMUh ijhVy vI dysL jFdy AunHF dysLf dI KLlkq ivwc Gulx-imlx dI bjfey sLihro bfhr hI afpxF awzF KwzF gwzdy. afpxy hI svIDfn jF rIqI irvfjLf dy anusfr afpxy hI dfiery ivwc ivcrdy,rmqf ijLdgI hox krky ieh iksy vI dysL dI swiBaqf df aMg vI nhIN bx sky, sQfnk lok vI iehnF jn-smMUhF nMU nPLrq nfl cor Aucwky hI smJdy qy afpxy ngr-KyVy qo ienHF nMU pry dUr hI KdyVnf cfhUMdy aqy ipMzf sLihrf dIaf juhF qwk hI sImq rwKdy. eysy krky ieh lok hmysLf gurbq nfl hI Guldy rhy,anpVHqF ,grIbI,vysLvfgmnI,qy aprfDIpx ienHF dI jwdI pusLqI hoxI bxy rhy. sB qo mfVf smF pwCmI Xorp ivwc jrmn nfjLIaF sLmy ienHF AuWpr aieaf,dUjI vwZI sMsfr jMg smyN ihtlr ny XhUdIaF dy nfl nfl iewk mIlIan ienHF twprIvfsf nMu vI gYs cYNbrF ivwc jf golIaF nfl mfr mukfieaf sI. rumfnIaf qy bulgfrIaf ivwc ies smyN ienHF jn-smMUhF dI vwZI igxqI hY aqy ienHF dysLf ivwc hI iehnF lokF df sLosn vI isKrF Aupr hY. rumfnIaf qy bulgfrIaf 2007 ivwc XOrpIan XUnIan dy nvyN mYNbr bxy hn,ies df mqlb hY ik afAux vfly smyN ivwc rumfnIaf qy bulgfrIaf dy nfgirk bgYr iksy vIjLy dy pwCmI Xorp ivwc Gum iPr skdy hn qy ieho hI pwCmI Xorp dy mulKF dI vwZI icMqF hY. vrlz bYNk dy iewk srvy muqfbk hOlYNz ivwc romf qy isMqIaF dI igxqI 40,000 hjLfr dy krIb hY,pr kuC hor Brosy Xog sUqr ienHF dI igxqI isrP 4000 isMqI aqy 2000 romF hI hOlYNz iwvwc dwsdy hn. aslI igxqI bIrbl dy kFvf jF Byz dy vflf vFg sLfied koeI vI nhIN jFxdf ikANik ieh jn-smMUh pUrI igxqI ivwc ikwqy vI drj nhI hn.

                           smyN smyN ies msly Aupr XorpIan XUnIan ipwCly pMjF swqf sFlf qo rumfnIaf qy bulgfrIaf dIaF srkfrF nMU ienHF awq dy pwCVy jn-smMUhF dI hflq suDfrn vfsqy sKq hdfieqf vI jfrI krdI rhI hY aqy ies kMm vfsqy ienHF mulKF nMU kroVF XUro PMz vI muhweIaf krdI rhI hY jo ik rumfnIaf aqy bulgfrIaf dIaF srkfrF dy aPsr hI ctm kr jFdy rhy hn. eysy krky hux qwk ienHF jn smMUhF dy jIvn pwDr ivwc koeI AuBfr njLr nhIN afieaf. sfry Xorp ivwc iewk aMdFjy muqfbk ienHf lokF dI igxqI ieAu hY.

ieMglYNz ===50,000

nIdrlYNz===40,000

bYljIam===10 qo 15000

jrmnI====150 qo 200,000

polYNz=====50,000

afstrIaf==25,000

cYkO======200,250,000

hMgrI=====500,650,000

romfnIaf===1500,250,000

spyn=====1000,000

purqgfl==50,000

ietlI====150 qo 160,000

srvIaf===500,000

mfsfzonIaf=135 qo 200

grIslYNz==300,000

albfnIaf=300,000

bosnIaF==200,000

kroafsIaf=50,qo100 hjLfr

kul imlf ky kwcI pwkI igxqI ienHF lok-smMUhF dI sfry Xorp ivwc 7 qo 10 mIlIan bxdI hY,ijhVI ik pMjfb aqy hOlYNz dI awDI qo pOxI abfdI dy krIb bxdI hY. ipCly kusL hI sflF ivwc iekwly ietlI ivwc hI 150,000 dy krIb romf qy isMqI gYr-knUMnI qrIky nfl af vwsy hn. ietlI dy lok ienHF dI gYrkfnMUnI ieMmIgrysLn qo bhuq duwKI hn. Auh ienHf nMu aprfDIaF df jnsmMUh smJdy hn aqy aFm corI-ckfrI dy nfl nfl sQfnk invfsLI ienHF nMU bwcy cor vI igxdI hY. asl ivwc amIr pwCmI mulK vI ies mnuwKI kUVy nMU afpxy drF qo bfhr hI rwKxf cfhUMdy hn. Auh ienHf jn-smMUhF nMU ijwQy ijwQy hux ieh bYTy hn AuQy hI mfVI mohtI mwdq dy ky bfby nfnk dy kQn vFg 'vwsdy rho' rwKxF cfhuMdy hn aqy eysy krky XorpIan XUnIan rumfnIaf qy bulgfrIaf dIaF srkfrf nMu ienHf jnsmUMhF dI hflq suDfrn vfsqy mIlIanF XUroaF dI mwdq hr sfl  idMdI hY,pr ijhVIaF jMQybMdIaF ienHF jn -smMUhF dy Bly vfsqy kMm krdIaF hn Auh afp qF XorpIan XUnIaNn dy pYsy nfl amIr bx geIaF hn pr ienHF KfnFbdosLf dI hflq hor qo hor bdqr huMdI jFdI hY.briln dI dIvfr tuwtx qo pihlF kimAuinsLt issLtm dIaF srkfrf aMdr ienHF KFnfbdosLf dI hflq awj nflo sOa guxf cMgI sI. kimAuinsLt srkfrf hr dysL vfsI nMU brfbr df nfgirk smJdIaF sn. ienHF jnsmUMhF nMU pVHfeI,mYzIkl,Gr qy kMm dI pUrI grMtI sI, prMqU sosilsLt gVH tuwtx nfl ienHF lokF df koeI vflI-vfrsL nf irhF,hux df afpoDfpI vflf srmfeydfrI isstm ieNnHF jnsmMUhF dy Aupr prlo bx ky izwigaf hY aqy ies gfj ny ienHf twprIvfsF nMU hor vI Dwk ky nIvyN QF kr idwqF hY. nvIaF srmfeydfrI pRbMD vflIaF hux dIaF srkfrf kol ienHF lwKF lokF dy suDfr vfsqy koeI vI eyjMzF jF progrfm nhIN hY. pUrbI XorpIn mulKF Kfs krky rumfnIaf qy hMgrI dysLF ivwc ienHf dI vwZI igxqI byrujLgfr hY,ikqy ikqy qF byrujLgfrI sOa prsYLt qwk vI hY. ienHF dy bwicaF dI hflq qf hor vI bhuq qrsLXog hY swqr prsYLt bwcy anpVH hn qy bfkI msF imWzl skUl qwk hI phuMcdy hn,Kfs Kfs pVHfeIaf vI ienHF lokF leI mnHf hn isrP iewk prsLYt bwcy hI msF ienHF dy iksy AuWcI pVfeI jF nOkrI qwk phuMcdy hn.

                     XorpIan XUnIan leI hux ieh PoVf pwk ky crgl bx cuikaf hY,ikANik 2007 qo hMgrI qy rumfnIaF vI ies XorpIan XUnIan dy pwky mYNbr bx gey hn aqy ienHf dy bisLMdy bgYr iksy vIjLy qo sfry pwCmI XOrp ivwc af jf skdy hn,qy pwCm dy amIr mulK eysy hI gwl qo qRihdy hn ik vwZI igxqI ienHF KfnFbdosLf dI jo pUrbI Xorp dy ienHf dysLF ivwc BuwK nMg nfl GuldI rhI jFdI sI hux Auh knUMn muqfbk ibnf iksy rok tok qo pwCmI Xorp dy amIr mulKF ivwc Gum iPr skxgy aqy Auh KdsLf jfhr krdy hn ik ieh avfrf gfeIaF vrgy jn- smMUh ieQo dI sLfq cl rhI ijMdgI ivwc Kwlr pfAuxgy? corIaf, zfky, zrwgjL,qy vysLvfgmnI vDygI qy Auh mihsUs krdy ik hux ies crglI PoVy df AprysLn krnf hI pYxf hY aqy eysy krky hI brwsl ivwc ipwCly sfl sqMbr dy mhIny 'top' kfnPrMs rwKI geI sI. pr,ies msly qy njLr rwKx vfly lok ajy vI pUry XkIn ivwc nhI hn ijMnf icr XorpIan XUnIan ienHf jn-smMUhF dy Bly vfsqy koeI pwkf pIzf kVf knUMn nhIL bxfAudI Auh XUnIan dy ies iejlfsL nMU vI isLrP gwlF df kVfh hI smJdy hn. pr iPr vI, iewk vfr iPr gwl qF qUrI hY. ienHf KFnfbdosLf dy afgUaF ny iewk 149 nukfqI progrfm bxfieaf hY jo AunHF XUnIan dy dPqr brwsl vI Byj idwqf hY. jykr XUnIan vwlo ieh progRfm prvfn kr ilaf igaf qF ies vwZy jn-smMUh nMU jo Xorp ivwc swB qo vwD sosLn aqy ivwqkry df isLkfr hY nMU vwZI rfhq imlx dI afs hY.

               ienFH twprIvfsf dI apxI XUnIan vI hY ijs df nF hY " XUnIan aOP romF " ijhVI ik 1933 ivwc hoNd ivwc afeI sI aqy 1971 ivwc 'vrlz romF kFgrs' smyL lMzn  ivwc aMqrrfsLtrI mFnqf pRfpq hY. ienHF df iewk iksy vI afpxy pwky rfsLtr qo ibnF iewk JMzf vI hY. ijs ivwc do hI rMg hn,JMzy dy Auprly ihwsy ivwc isLrP asmfnI rMg hY aqy hyTly ihwsy ivwc isLrP hrf rMg hY, ivcfly Bfrq dysL dy JMzy vFg iewk lfl gol cwkr hY. ijs df mqlb hY Aupr nIlf asmfn, Qwly hrI DrqI, qy phIaf, ienHf dy cldy rihx dI insLfnI hY. pr hux,ienFH lokF leI agy qo agy cwlxF musLkl hMUdF jf irhf hY ikAuNik mhFblI lokF ny sfrI DrqI imx ky mwl leI hY qy cwpy cwpy dI Kbr jsUsI sYtflfeItf sikMt sikMt bfad AuNnHf kol phuMcf rhIaf hn. qF iPr KFnfbdosL ikhVy hor gRih vwl afpxIaF gwzIaF AuzfAux? hux ienFH nMU iewk QF itk ky bYTxf hI pYxf hY, inaFxy skUlF ivwc pVny pfAuxy hn,corIaF ckfrIaF qy hor vihvqf CwzxIaF pYxIaF hn iekwly isLrP Xorp dy sLihrF ivwc grmIaF nMU akfrzIan qy bMsrI vjf ky gujLrf nhI clxf. sony, cFdI dy dMd qy srIr qy tYtUaf dI mInFkfrI koeI vwZI smwisaf nhIN hY, aFm jnsDfrx nfgirk vFg koeI kMm iswKxy pYxy hn. romf qy isMqI vI hux XkIn krx lg pey hn ik AunHF dy lokF dI hux vwZy pwDr qy gwl bfq hox lg peI hY aqy hux kwuC sfriQk iswty inklx dI vI afs hY, keI qf ieAN kihMdy vI suxy gey hn, awj qo pMjfh sfl pihlF amrIkF ivwc kfly lokF dI kI hflq sI qy awj iewk awDf kflf imstr brfk Abfmf amrIkF df pRDfnmMqrI hY.

joigMdr bfT hOlYz

"sfLqI df dUq jF lfsLF df vpfrI "  alPrYz nobl   

-joigMdr bfT hOlYz

hr sfl akqUbr dy mhIny nfrvy dI rfjDfnI Eslo (Eslo ) ivWc dunIaf df sB qo vwZf qy vkfrI  ienfm idwqf jFdf hY.jo ik  duwnIaF Br ivwc amn-amfn df  vI pRqIk hY. ijs df nf hY nobl pReIjL. ijhVf ik iksy Auhnf mhfn mnuwKF nMU idWqf jfdf hY,  ijSnf df kul lokFeI dy Bly leI koeI aivsLkfr jF jMgF XuwDf dy iKlfP kMm kIqf huMdfF hY | " sfLqI qy jSg " alPrYz nobl dIafpxI ijMdgI 'c 'ikMny ku mhwqvpUrx sn ,ieh iewk vwKrf svfl hY | afAu jrf vyKIey afpxI vIh sflF dIPuwl vycx vflI mFlx pRymkf nMU qIh qIh pRym pWqr idhfVI ' c ' ilKx vfly ies hiQafrf dy vpfrI nMU. 'noblienFm' jo awj duwnIaF Br ivwc amn qy sLfqI df pRqIk hY . alPrYz nobl ies ienFm nMU vfikaf hI iksy zMUGI soc   ivcfr dy aDIn iksy afpxy hI bxfey mfrU hiQafrf dy pRsLcfqfp ivwc rwK ky igaf sI jF afpxI KuWsLI hoeI pihlI pRyimkf dy ivXog ivwc ' ijs nMU Auh mrdy dm qwk afpxy vWlo ieWkqrPf pRym krdf irhf sI ?

'pRoPYsr ierivn abrfihm 'jo nobl ienfm dyx vfilaf dI kmytI df mYNbr qy sLpYsilst hY, alPrYz bfry Ausdy ivcfr ies qrf hn " hor jo mrjLI qUsI ies imWQ nUM ( sfLqI dy dUq ) pWkf krn leI khI jfvo pr ieh pWkI  gwl hY ik alPrYz ies nobl pRfiej nMU iksy pRsLcfqfp ivWc rWK igaf hY "? pRoPYsr ierivn aWgy kihdf hY "asl gWl ieh hY ik PrfsL dy iek aKbfr ny 1888 ivwc ieh surKI lf ky iek lyK Cfipaf sI " lfsfL dy vpfrIdI mOq " qy iesy hI surKI vfly gj nfl imx ky aKbfr aWgy ilKdf hY " alPrYz nobl ( 1833 - 1896 )svIzn df ieh brUd df vpfrI cMgy Bly iensfnF nMU glIaF sVIaF lfsLfL 'c ' qbdIl krn dy huWnr nflhI amINr bixaf hY . Aus dI amIrI df rfj Aus dIaf AuhnF lwBqf ivwc hY ik iks qrF ijAudy jfgdy iensfnf nUM iek aYsy hiQafr nfl CyqI qo CyqI sikMtf ivwc susrI vFg svfieaf jf sky jo hiQafr hux qwk Aus qo pihlfnhI lWiBaf igaf sI . dOlq dy Zyr Aus ny isrP mnuwKqf dy Bly 'c ' afAux vflIaf lWBqf qo hI nhI ieWkTykIqy sn . vwZy phfVF dIaf ctfnF nSU qoV ky sLVkF , surMgF bnfAux ( zfienfmfiet) vfly ivsPot qy pItro-kYmIkl dy nfl  nfl Aus ny afpxy Brf nfl rl ky sfrI duwnIaf ivwc 90 mfrU jMgI hiQafrF dIaf PYktrIaf vI lgvfeIaf sn .

            pr ies Kbr nMU ilKx vyly PrFsL df ieh aKbfr ieWk glqI kr igaf sI ' kfnfs' ivWc CuwtIaf dorfn hfdsy c asl ivc alPrYz nobl afp nhI miraf sI Auh mrn vflf Aus Brf 'luzivg' sI . afpxy ijAudy jI afpxy mry dI Kbr pV ky aqy aKbfr dI Auh surKI vyK ky hI sLfied iksy nmosLI dI vjhf krky hI Aus ny ieh awj df ieh  vkfrI ienFm aYlfinaf sI . ieh dosL alPrYz Aupr smy smy Xorp dIaf hor aKbfrf vI lfAdIaf rhIaf sn ,pr alPrYz ny iehnf dosfL df kdI vI KSzn nhI kIqf sI pr iPr vI hmysfL Aus nMU iksy Kfs lObI vWlo sLfjsI rUp c sfLqI df msIhf bxf ky pysL kIqf jfdf irhf hYpr ivhfr qy kfrobfr nUM vyK ky sfLqI dy msIhy vflI qsbIh nUM sOiKaf hI rWd kIqf jf skdf hY .  1894' c ' alPrYz nobl ny svIzn df ieWk lohy df kfrKfnf ijs df nf 'boPors' sI KrId ilaf . pihlf ieh isrP qy isrP lohy df hI kfrKfnf sI . ies sDfrn lohy dy kfrKfnynMU  'alPrYz nobl ' ny afpxI dyK ryK hyT ies nSU hiQafrf dI PYktrI ivc qbdIl kIqf qy acfnk idmfgdIaf nfVIaf Ptx krky afpxI mOq qWk ies df mflk irhf .pihlI aqy dUjI sMsfr jMg ivc jrmnI , Prfs ,qy ieglYz dIaF POjF eysy boPrjL qo iek dUjy nMU mfrn leI jMgI smfn lYdIaf rhIaf . nobl kmytI dI vYb sfeIz Aupr alPrYz nMU sfiesLdfn , vpfrI , lyKk qy KojI ijhIaf AupfdIaF nfl snmfinaf igaf hY . asl mnuwKqf df Blf cfhux vflf aqy sLfqI df pujfrI . pihlIaF cfr klgIaF bfry qF koeI do rfvf nhI hn . pr mgrlI " sfLqI df pujfrI " Aupr vWzf pRsnicMn lgdf hY . alPrYz Kud nMU hmysLf pihly nMbr qy sfLieMsdfn hI mMndf hY nf ik hiQaFrf df vpfrI . asl ivc kI sI Auh ?

          alPrYz qy Aus dy Brf nMU hiQafrf nfl ipafr qf bcpn 'c ' dlIey dy cmicaf ivwc rlf ky AuhnF dy bfp ny hI AuhnF aMdr  suwt idWqf sI . smuMdrI mfeInF dy jnmdfqf (iemfnUiel nobl )  ny ivKfvy leI KflI smuMdrI jhfj nMU afpxIaf mfeInF nfl AzfAuidaf 'rsLIan jLfr' dy sfhmxy afpxy puwqrF dI kfblIaq dI PV mfrI sI , aqy nfl igaf qyrF sflF df alPrYz jhfj dy quMby hvf c Auzdy vyK ky romficq ho AuiTaf sI qy iehnf hI smuMdrI mfeInf df soiDaf hoieaf rUp (kirmIan  vfr ) ivc bhuq hI kfrgr hiQafr sfbq hoieaf sI . 20 sfl dI Aumr ivwc alPrYz iksy nvy qy hor vI sLkqIsflI ivsPot nMU lWBx dy qjribaf 'c' jut igaf . BVfkf pfAu brUd nfl Aus nMU jnMUn dI hwd qwk moh sI . ies moh dI imsfl Ado AuwGVdI hY jdo Auh iek vfr afpxy ipAu dI PYktrI ivwc iksy ivsPot Aupr qjrby kridaf smyN afpxy sky Coty Brf (eImyl ) dI mOq df kfrx bixaf . qjribaf dorfx vWD GWt ivsPokt smgrI pYx nfl PYktrI 'c' vWZf Dmfkf hoieaf sI ijs ivc eImyl qUMbf qUMb ho ky  Auz igaf sI . pr Aus dy brUd pRqI moh nMU ies iBafnk durGtnf ny vI GWt nhI kIqf sI Auh lgfqfr duwnIafqy afpixaF prfieaF qo byprvfh afpxI Koj 'c' zuMGf hI Dwsdf igaf qy do sflF dI Koj qy imhnq qo bfad Aus dI sB qo msLhUr lWBq jo Aus ny lWBI sI Auh sI (zfienfmfiet ) ieh ivsPot phfVf nMU qoVn , surMgf bnfAux leI bhuq hI kfrgr hiQafr sI . iek pfsy iehnf zfienfmfeIts nfl nihr pnFmf KodI jf rhI sI qy dUjy pfsy nflo nfl hiQafr vjo PrfsL - prsLIaf dI jMg c iensfnf dy bKIey AuDyVn vfsqy vriqaf jf irhf sI

          alPrYz nobl ny 355 lWBqf afpxy nF pyitNt krvfeIaf . ies ivc koeI swLk nhI iehnf 355 ivco bhuq sfrIaF Aus dIaf lwBqf Kqrnfk nhI sn . ijvy ibjlI dy nvy blb bYtrIaf afid pr ies sB kfsy dy nflo nfl Auh mfrU qopf qy rfkyt vI eIjfd krdf irhf qy jMgbfjf nMU vycdf irhf 1887 ivc Aus ny afpxI nvI lWBq ( bfilsitk ) afpxy nF pytYt krvfeI ieh qopf qy rodf dy mgr lWgx vflf DUMaFrihq bhuq hI afhlf drjyL df plIqf sI . ijQy bdUMk qop jf ipsqol df GoVf vwjdf sI qy brUdI ivsPot nfl isky jF lohy dI golI jf golf agFh insfLny vWl inkl jfdI sI qy KflI Kol mgr rih jFdf sI . ieh Auh smF sI jdo Aus ny iek hiQafrF dI PYktrI PrFsL dI gorimMt qo corI ietlI ivwc vI lf leI sI . aqy Auh PrYNc srkfr dy gusy df isLkfr ho igaf sI . Aus dy pYirs ivcly Gr Aupr srkfrI jsUsF dI ingfh rihx lWgI ikAuik PrFs srkfr Aus nUM dUsry dusLmx mulKF df jsUs smJx lWg peI sI . qy iek ihsfb nfl Aus nMU Gr ivc hI njLrbMd ho ky rihxf pY irhf sI aqy mgrilaF idwnF 'c'Auh Gro bfhr nF inkldf qy hmysLF afpxI pRXogsLflf 'c' hI qiVaf rihMdf sI .

alPrYz dy Cy vWZy bMgly sn .hr bMgly ivc hI pRXogsfLlf sI . aqy nfl hI insLfny lfAux vflI tfrgyt pwtI . ieh Aus df sOLk sI . ies sB kfsy dy huMidaf suMidaF vI Aus nUM sFqI df pujfrI ikhf jfdf sI nf ik lfsLf df vpfrI . asl ivc Auh afpf ivroD dI ibmfrI df isLkfr sI . ieko klbUq ivWc do vWKo vwKo suBfa dy ivakqIqv vsdy sn. Auh iewk bhuq hI  Auqwm qy qrwkI XfPqf vpfrI sI ,pr afpxy afp nUM hmysLf Gftf KfDf qy hfiraf jvfrI dwsdf sI . Auh afpxI jnmBUmI svIzn qy aMqf df mfn krdf sI ,pr AuQy igaf Auh isLrP sfrI hXfqI ivwc iewk do vfr hI . Auh hmysLf hr QF afpxy afp nUM hwub ky sFieMsdfn  hI dwsdf sI . pr skUl Auh isrP iek sfl hI igaf sI . qy Auqo isqm dI gwl ieh ik Auh ieko hI afdmI ,XfnI ik afpxy afp ivwc jMg qy amn nUM vI rlgwz krI jf irhf sI XfnI ik aWgf bWkrI df qy ipCf biGafV df . hiQafrF nUM jnUMn dI hWd qWk ipafr krn vflf alPrYz sFqI leI jUJdIaf jQybMdIaf df mYbr vI sI Auhnf nUM PMz muheIaf vI krdf sI qy krvfAudf sI , qy Auqo qurkI df iek izplomYt Aus ny afpxf sUhIaf vI rWK CWizaf sI . jo iehnf sFqI sQfpq krn vflIaf jQybMdIaf dIaf gqIivDIaf dI jfxkfrI  Aus nUM pihlf hI muheIaf krvfey . ies sB kfsyN qo ieh isWD huMdf hY ik amn leI alPrYz nobl df ipafr isrP iek ZkvMj qo vWD kusL vI nhI sI ,aqy 'nobl pRfeIj' vI, jo ijvy Auh lObI pRcfrn lWgI hoeI hY ik nobl nUM afpxy hI bxfey hoey mhFmfru hiQafrF Aupr pRsLcfqfp sI . aqy Aus ny ieh ienFm iesy hI pRscfqfp dI iglfnI ivwco ikafisaf sI ?

          msLhUr ivigafnI ( albrz afienstfeIn )ijs ny 1925 ivc ieh ienFm hfsl kIqf  sI . Aus dy sLbdf 'c' "alPrYz nobl ny afpxy simaF ivwc iek aYsf brUdI ivsPot lWiBaf sI ijs df koeI sFLnI nhI sI .iek aYsf mfrU hiQafr ijhVf hux qWk ies qo pihlf kdy vI nhI bixaf sI ". KvnI ies mfrU lwBq qy sLrimMidaf hUMidaf afpxI afqmf nUM Zfrs dyx leI hI Aus ny ieh 'nobl ienfm 'rwiKaf hovy ?AuhnF lokF leI jo ijMdgIaf bcfAux qy mnuMKqf dy Bly leI kfrj kr rhy sn jF hn . aqy nobl dI tYstfmYt ivc vI ieho iliKaf hY . ieh ienfm Aus pRiqbf nUM hr sfl idwqf jfvy ijs ny do dysLF ivwc afpsI Brwpf kfiem krvfieaf hovy . POjf ivwc aqy hiQafrF ivwc kmI ilafdI hovy qy do dusLmx dysfL c lWgI afpsI jMg bMd krvfeI hovy jF Auhnf c sulfhsPfeI dI cfrfjoeI kIqI hovy . ieh CrqF hn ,Aus afdmI dIaf 'nobl pRfeIj'hfsl krn leI ,jo Kud , kYmIkl ,qyl qy hiQafrf dI KrIdoProKq 'c' kroVf pqI bixaf hovy .

          nobl bhuq Gwt lokf c ivcrdf sI . Auh bhuqf afpxI pRXogsLflf c rih ky KusL sI . qy Gr ? ijQy Aus dI pRXogsLflf, qy pRXogsLflfvf qf Aus dy CyaF hI GrF ivwc sn . Auh kMm qy Gr nflo nfl hI cuWkI iPrdf sI . afpxy dosqf imWqrf c Auh Xorp df amIr dosq krky jfixaf jFdf sI . ijs qrf afpf ihMdosqfnI lok jdo koeI sfzy qo pYsy mMgy qF afpF kih idMdy hF myrI ikhVf tfty ibrly nfl kMD lgdI hY . Ausy qrf Xorp dy lokf ny ieh aKfx GV ilaf sI ik mY ikhVf alPrYz nobl hF ,jF myry bfg c ikhVf nobl pYisaf df drKq lf igaf hY . pr iPr vI Auh ikhVI vjhf sI 1895 c mrn qo pihlf Auh afpxI vsIaq ivwc ieh ilKvfAux leI mjbUr ho igaf sI ik Aus dI jfiedfd mnuwKqf dy Bly leI vrqo c ilafdI jfvy ? pr Aus nMU jfnx vfly ies nUM vI sLwk dI njLr nfl vyKdy hn . pRoPYsr abrfhm ( nobl kmytI df mYbr ) nFh c hI isr mfrdf hY aqy afKdf hY "mYnUM nhIlgdf ieh sB kuJ ilKx krn dy bfvjUd vI Aus nUM afKrI smy afpxy hI bxfey hoey mfrU hiQafrf Aupr pRsLcfqfp sI? aqy Auh afpxy afp nUM ksUrvfr mihsUs kr irhf sI ? nobl kmYtI dI vYb sfeIt Aupr vI Gcolf hI hY ik vfikaf hI Aus dI soc dunIaf dI sfLqI nfl nWQI sI  koeI kihMdf hY ik Aus ivc mnuwKqf nfl ipafr bcpn qo hI sI . pr kuC ieAu vI kihMdy hn ik mnwuKqf dy Bly vflI rWsI Aus ny afKrI Aumry hI iKcI sI . aqy bhuqy romFitk lok ies gWl df Pqvf vI idMdy hn ,aqy pRym pujLfrI lok ies ivwc XkIn vI krdy hn  ik ipafr c KIvy hoey nobl nMU qd hI pqf lWigaf ik dunIaf ikMnI KubsUrq hY . kox sI Aus df sB qo pihlf qy vWZf ipafr ? moqrmf ( boronYs , bYrQf Pon sUtnr ) ny jdo alPrYz nobl dI sYktrI bnx vfsqy arjI idWqI qF Auh ieMtrivAu smy Aus nUM dyKidaf hI kWty hoey drwKq vFg Aus dy pYrf 'c'Zih ipaf .   

        pr aPsos ,alPrYz nobl leI ,ikAuik bYrQf pihlf hI iksy hor nfl mMgxI krvf cuWkI sI . pr iPr vI Auh dovy alPrYz dy mrn qWk iek dUsry dy klmI imWqr bxy rhy . iek  QF bYrQf ny nobl nUM icwTI ivc iliKaf vI sI Ado jdo Auh afpxI tYstfmYt (vsIaq ) bnfAux ivc ruiJaf hoieaf sI . "mYnUM nhI pqf ijMLdgI ivwc mY vI Auh kuJ afpxIaF awKF nfl vyK skFgI ik nhI ,jo asI dunIaf nUM dy cly hF . qUM qy mY . jy ijMdgI rhI qF . nobl qf clf igaf rWb dy Gr , pr bYrQf ijAudI rhI . Aus ny Auh sfrf kusL aWKI vyK vI ilaf qy hFsl vI kr ilaf . 1905 iesvI ivc amn df pRqIk ieh nobl ienfm 'moqrmf boronYs bYrQf' nUM hI idWqf igaf . iek ienFm jo iek qrPf ipafr c KIvy hoey alPrYz nobl ny sfied Asy leI hI icqivaf sI .

" lfsLF df ieh vpfrI " pyRm  pWqr ilKx ivc vI irkfrz kfiem kr igaf sI . bYrQf vWlo nFh kr dyx qy ieh tuwty idl vflf afsLk iesLk df buKfr TMzf krn leI iek hor vIh sflF dI jvfn Puwl vycx vflI mFlx qy lWtU ho igaf . ( soPI hys ) nF dI ies grIb mFlx nUM irJfAux  vfsqy ieh aDKV afsLk idhfVI c qIh - qIh pyRm pWqr ilKx lWg ipaf . qy icTI dy aKIr c soPI nUM Auh myrI ipafrI 'inwko' ilKdf sI aqy nfl hI afpxy afp nUM " qyrf ipafrf BflU " ilKdf . inwko nUM BrmfAux qy afpxy vws ivwc krn leI 'alPrYz 'Aus nUM mihMgy qo mihMgy qohPy KRId ky idMdf pr ieQy iPr aPsos . ikAuik inWko Aus nUM GWt hI cfhuMdI sI . Auh lfry lf ky mihMgy qohPy qy mfl  bwqf qF alPrYz qo mUwCI  geI qy grbvqI iksy hor qo ho geI |Nnobl dI moq qo bfad jdo ieh pRym pwqr As ny dwunIaf NnMU ivKFAuxy cfhy qF nobl df iewko iewk dosq qy shfiek (rgnfr sohlmfn )jo iehnf pyRm pwqrf qo jfxU sI Aus ny  mUMmMgI kImq dy ky soPI hYs XfnI ik 'inko' dy  pyRm pWqr KRIdx df pRsqfv rWiKaf . Auh zrdf sI . agr ieh pyRm pWqr dunIaf dy sfhmxy af gey qF Aus dy dosq + mflk dy vwZy nF nUM DWbf lWg skdf hY . (rgmfr solmfn )hI asl ivWc afKrI vfrs sI nobl dI afKrI ieCF nUM isry cVHfAux vflf ikAUNik vkIlF qy jwjf qo Aus nMU sKq nPLrq sI . iesy krky Aus ny afpxI vsIaq vI Kud hI ilKI . vkILlf nMU nobl nPrq nfl kfkrOc jF Aus nfl imldy juldy kIVy mkOVY  hI grdfndf sI . aqy Auhnf bfry bfbV ky kihdF sI ik 'ies lfxyN kol isrP ieko hI huwnr hY ik ieh afpxIaF dlIlF nfl isWDI lkIr nMU vI tyzI iswD kr skdy hn . eysy krky Aus dI vsIaq ivwc vI bhuq sfrIaF glF coly ivwc hI rhIaf ,eysy krky Aus dI  mOq qo bfad Aus dI BfrI jfiedfq ,jo Aus smyN iewkqI mIlIan kron (hux dy iqMn imlIan XUro) dy krIb sI, df BfrI rwtf ipaf irhf . hux qf ieh jfiedfd (iewk sOa  iqMn sfl bfad ) sLfied do hjLfr XUro qo vI vwD hovy ?

            Aus dy afpxy mulK ivwc vI nobl ienfm nMU koeI bhuqI gMBIrqf nfl nhI gOilaf jFdf . ikAuNik ieh ienfm ies sMsfr dy hr dysL dy bfisLdy vfsqy rwiKaf igaf hY nf ik isrP skMzynyvIan (sLvIzn,nfrvy,iPnlYNz) mulKF dy kfzkfrF leI . svIzn df rfjf (Askfr-11) vI gfhy bgfhy ies ienFm Aupr sKq itwpxIaF krdf rihMdf sI. Auh ies ienFm nMU iksy mUrK df afiezIaf mMndf sI ,aqy aYs qrF dy ksIdy ksdf rihMdf  sI,"ieh isLrP iksy jLnfnI dI sLfqI leI hI rwiKaf igaf ienFm  hY" aqy Auh iswDI AuNgl alPrYz nobl dy iek qrPf Kuwsy ipafr dI nfiekf (bYrQf sLUtnr) Aupr  hI rwKdf sI . ies sfry rol GcOly  qy ivroD dy bfvjUd vI ieh nobl ienFm alPrYz dI mOq qo bfad pMjF sFlf ivwc  hkIkq ivwc af igaf,alPrYz nobl dy ipafry BqIjy (iemfnual) aqy Aus dy ieko iewk  dosq qy shfiek (rgmfr solmfn) dy Xqnf nfl ,ikANik  rgmfr solmfn  vYstn iPlmF dy hIro vFg zWb ivwc golIaF nfl Biraf ipsqOl aVf ky GoiVaF vflI bwgI ivwc alPrYz nobl dI kroVF dI jfiedfq PrFs qo smgl krky sLvIzn ivwc ilafAux ivwc kfmXFb hoieaf sI.

         aKIr 29 jUn 1900 eIsvI ivwc nobl PFAuzysLn nMU ikMg Askfr-11 df  vI smrQn pRfpq ho igaf ,aqy iewk sfl bfad  ieh ienfm dyx-lYx dI iqafrI muMkml ho geI .Audo df hI duwnIaF df  vkfrI ienFm alPrYz nobl dI iewCf muqfbk vMizaF jfx lgf .hr sfl iksy sLiesdfn,KojI,ilKfrI, jF keIaF dy kihx vFg iksy sFqI dI pRqIk  mhFn hsqI nMU idwqf jfx ligaf . bVf aOKf hY ieh PYslf krnf ,alPrYz nobl dI dohrI aqy zblstYzrz ijMdgI nNMU vyKidaf ik vfikaf hI ieh ienFm Aus ny dwunIaF dI sLfqI leI iksy zMUGI soc ivcfr dy aDINn rwiKaf sI ? jF iPr isrP afpxy sMiGA tuwty  iewk qrPf ipafr dy gm ivwc afpxI pRymkf ( bYrQf Pon sLutnr) nMU irJfAux jF mnfAux leI ?ikANik  jdo AohnF dIaF pihlIaF hI mulfkfqf surU hoeIaF sn qF Auh AusnMU dsdf hMudF  sI ik iks qrF msLInf jF mtIrIal  duwnIaF dIaF sfrIaF jMgF nMU Kqm kr skdy hn . aqy mgro Aus ny iewk vfr bYrQf NnMU iliKaf vI sI,"ho skdf hY myry ivsPot aqy hiQafrF dy kfrKfny duwnIaF dIaF sfrIaF jMgF nMU pihlF hI Kqm kr dyx qyry amn dy smJoiqaF qoN jdo ies DrqI dy sfry dysLF dIaF POjF afpxy hwQf ivwc PVy hoey myry iejLfd kIqy hoey ivsPot qy mfrU hiQafr iek dusry Aupr  suwtx leI iqafr hoxgy,aqy ieh vyK -soc ky ies DrqI dy sfry dysL afpxIaF POjf nMU lVxo htf lYxgy.

                   bVy dwuK nfl alPrYz nobl dI (bYrQF Pon sutnr ) nMU mfrI  swc vrgI PVH nMU hux dy sDMrb ivwc duwnIaF dy sfhmxy rwKxF aqy ivcfrxf pY irhf hY .iewk pfsy DwkV pRmfxU,ijvfxU,inAuklIar, hiQafrF nfl mflfmfl  mhFsLkqI amrIkf aqy dUjy pfsy(XU aYn) qIjy pfsy ierfn,ierfk, qy aPgFnsqfn aqy cOQf hux pfiksqfn .pr nfl ieh vI hY ik hux iewkvI sdI hY aqy awj dy sMsfr Aupr hMU b hMU awj qo sOa sfl vfly Pfrmuly iPt nhI hMUdy ,Ausy qrF ijs qrF jy awj inpolIan ijAuNdf hMUdF qF hux dy PrFsL dy pRDfn mMqrI srkojI bfry ikvy socdf ? jF mhfqmf gFDI sonIaF gFDI dI lizrisLp bfry kI rfey idMdf ?jo mrjI hovy pr nobl ienfm hmysLf hI ivvfdf ivwc iGiraf irhf hY. jrf Aoh vMngI vyKo ijMnF-ijMnF  nMU ieh ienFm imilaf hY.hfvIkn, hYnrI ikMisgn,sLImon pyrys,Xfsr afrfPfq, . ieh ienFm Auho ijhf hI hY ijho ijhf alPrYz nobl dI kbr  qy lgy pwQr qy iliKaf hY"iewk ivroDfBfs zblstYzrz vflf mnMUK" ijhVf iewk hwQ iwvwc jMg aqy dUsry hwQ ivwc amn PVI iPrdf sI

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