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krqfr iZwloN nUM Xfd kridaF
krqfr iZwloN sfDU ibinMg (jnvrI, 2002) krqfr iZwloN nfl myrI pihlI mulfkfq trFto iek sfihqk qy siBafcfrk kfnPrMs `qy hoeI. Aus ny “pYrt'jL bIk” (qoqy dI cuMJ) ivcoN kuJ ihwsy pVHy ijnHF ny mYnMU byhwd p®Bfivq kIqf aqy Ausy sYsLn ivc mYN kuJ kivqfvF pVHIaF ijhVIaF krqfr nMU psMd afeIaF. sYsLn dy bfad asIN dovyN iek dUjy nMU bVy cfa nfl imly. AumrF dy Prk dy bfvjUd pihly hI kuJ plF ivc sfzI jfx pCfx dosqI ivc bdl geI jo pwkI hI huMdI geI hY. krqfr iZwloN afpxI Aumr df sqfsIvF vrHf ipwCy Cwz cuwkI hY. Aus ivc ajy vI nOjvfnF vFg jIvn jIx dI KfihsL aqy jfnx dI qIbr iewCf hY. AusnMU iml ky quhfnMU icrF qoN ivCVy dosq nMU imlx vrgf afnMd p®fpq huMdf hY. krqfr iZwloN nMU afpxy bzicaF qy dohqIaF/dohiqaF, poqIaF/poiqaF AuWpr bVI KusLI qy mfx hY. Auh ismI vYlI ielfky ivc 1915 `c jMmI, Erygn qy kYlIPornIaf ivc plLI, iek byhwd ijgry vflI aOrq hY. Aus df bfp bKsLIsL isMG iZwloN ipClI sdI dy aKIrly dhfky amrIkf afieaf qy AusdI mF rqn kOr 1910 ivc, jo amrIkf ivc afvfs krn vflI pihlI pMjfbI aOrq sI. krqfr iZwloN ny bcpn vyly afpxy prvfr nfl Gor grIbI ivc idn kwty. grIbI dy nfl nfl AusnMU iek nslvfdI cuigrdy, aqy pMjfbI siBafcfr ivclIaF mrd p®Dfn kdrF kImqF nfl vI lgfqfr jdo-jihd krnI peI. afpxy bcpn vyly Aus ny gdr lihr df zUMGf p®Bfv kbUilaf aqy gdr lihr ivc srgrm iek pMjfbI nfl ivafh krvf ilaf. pr Aus sfQI pfsoN vI AusnUM mrd p®Dfn smfj ivclIaF kdrF kImqF hI imlIaF aqy Aus ny afpxy jIvn nMU Kud syD dyx df PYslf kr ilaf. afpxy jIvn bfry bhuq hI sMKyp pr BfvpUrq qrIky nfl krqfr ny “qoqy dI cuMJ” ivc iliKaf hY. ieh AusdI klm df kmfl hY ik ienHF kuJ JlkIaF ivc hI Aus ny afpxf smuwcf jIvn sfzy sfhmxy rwK idwqf hY. ies ivc krqfr dI mF vloN Aus nfl kIqf kTor ivhfr hI sfhmxy nhIN afAuNdf nfl hI Aus vloN afpxI mF dy aijhy ivhfr dy kfrnF qwk phuMcx qwk df sPr vI sLfml hY. ipCly Cy sq sflF dOrfn krqfr nfl KqF aqy tYlIPon rfhIN myrf gUVHf sMprk bixaf irhf hY. Auh iek vfr vYnkUvr afeI qy ies qrF Aus nUM kuJ idn bhuq nyiVEN dyKx jfnx df mOkf imilaf. ies swB dOrfn AuhdIaF gwlF bfqF ivc Auhdy vwzy Brf bz df ijLkr aksr huMdf. Auh bhuq hI mfx qy siqkfr nfl bz dy kMmF bfry aqy Auhdy suBfa bfry gwlF krdI. Auhdf bhuq mn krdf ik mYN vI bz nUM imlF. Auhdf kihxf sI ik mYN bz nMU jLrUr psMd krFgf. pr bz dI 1998 ivc mOq ho geI. myry mn ivc Aus nMU nf imlx df Jorf sI. pr jdoN mYN krqfr vloN bz dy jIvn bfry iliKaf piVHaf qF mYnMU ies gwl df qIbrqf nfl aihsfs qy duwK hoieaf ik mYN Aus nMU nf iml ky asl ivc ikMnf vwwzf KLjLfnf guafieaf hY. bz AunHF hIry ivakqIaF ivcoN sI ijnHF bfry asIN suixaf huMdf hY pr Kud iksy aijhy ivakqI nUM imly jF jfxdy nhIN huMdy. awj dy jLmfny ivc bz vrgy iensfn dy iml pYx dI sMBfvnf bhuq Gwt njLr afAuNdI hY. “qoqy dI cuMJ” vFg hI krqfr ny bhuq sMKyp qrIky nfl afpxy Brf bz dy lMmy qy sMGrsLmeI jIvn bfry iliKaf hY. ieh sfihqk alockF vfsqy BfvyN iek smwisaf hovy ik Auh ies ilKq nMU sfihq dI iks vMngI ivc rwKx jF iesdf iks qrHF kwd mfpx pr jo p®Bfv ieh ilKq afm pfTk AuWpr pfAuNdI hY Auh vwzIaF ilKqF dy hfx dI hY. ies ilKq ivc kdy krqfr iek lyKk vjoN sfnMU bz dy jIvn bfry jfxkfrI dy rhI hY, kdy Auh bz dy afpxy bol sfzy qwk phuMcf rhI hY qy kdy Auh iek BYx vjoN afpxy Brf dy suBfa dIaF, slIky dIaF, nykI dIaF aqy sUJ dIaF gwlF sfnMU dws rhI hY. ies swB kfsy df asr pfTk AuWpr iksy jfdU nfloN Gwt nhIN huMdf. bz bfrF sfl dI Aumr ivc jQy nfl rlL ky ihMdosqfn nMU brqfnvIN sfmrfj qoN afjLfd krfAux qur jFdf hY. Pyr Auh cIn, jpfn, rUs ivc ivcrdf hY, nvINaF gwlF iswKdf hY qy dUijaF nMU isKfAuNdf hY. kdy Auh iksy smuMdrI jfhjL ivc luk iCp ky cVH irhf hY qy kdy iksy pfsy jf irhf hY. Aus df jIvn bfqF ivc suxIaF jF iPlmF ivc dyKIaF gwlF vrgf lwgdf hY. khfxI dy aKIr `qy phuMc ky asIN AuhnMU pcfsIaF sflF dI Aumr dy ishqmMd iensfn dy rUp ivc kdy dOVdy nMU icqvdy hF qy kdy sLFq icwq XUnIvristI dI jmfq ivc bYTy nMU aqy kdy iek bhuq hI sUJvfn qy idaflU pqI, bfp qy Brf dy rUp ivc. ieh swB kuJ aslI hox dy bfvjUd vI sfzy AuWpr iek ajIb ijhf qilsmI asr Cwwzdf hY jo sLbdF ivc ibafnxf sMBv nhIN jfpdf. afpxI pihlI hI mulfkfq dOrfn mYN krqfr dI khfxI pMjfbI ivc anuvfd krn dI pysLksL kIqI qF Auh KusL hoeI. khfxI “isrjxf” ivc CpI aqy krqfr nMU pMjfbI pfTkF vloN vDIaf huMgfrf imilaf. asIN knyzf ivc BfrqIaF dy sO vrHy dy jsLnF smyN swQ vloN 1997 ivc AuhnMU vYnkUvr swidaf. Auh lyKk mMc dy mYNbrF nMU imlLI qy ies nfl Aus ny afpxy afp nMU pMjfbI sfihqk BfeIcfry nfl juiVaf mihsUs kIqf. sfzy vfsqy ieh Ausy iksm df iek hor anuBv sI ijs qrHF pihlF sfDU isMG DfmI nfl hoieaf sI. asIN vYnkUvr swQ vloN mlUky df pihlf ihwsf pMjfbI ivc Cpvf ky jdoN zf: DfmI nMU 1988 ivc vYnkUvr swidaf qF Auh eyQoN iek nvIN sLkqI lY ky muiVaf. Aus qoN bfad Auhny mlUky df aglf ihwsf hI nhIN iliKaf sgoN hor vI keI kuJ ijhVf Auh CwwzI bYTf sI, pUrf kIqf. ienHF sfihqkfrF dy pMjfbI ivc Cpx nfl ijwQy smuwcy pMjfbI sfihqk Gyry ivc inwgr vfDf hoieaf AuWQy knyzf amrIkf vsx vfly pMjfbIaF vfsqy ies gwl dI hor vI vwwzI mhwqqf hY. ies nfl sfzIaF ienHF mulkF ivc lwgIaF zUMGIaF jVHF dI iewk vwKry qrIky nfl insLfndyhI hoeI hY jo ajy qwk sfzy sfhmxy id®sLmfn nhIN sn hoeIaF. ieh khfxIaF sfzy Aus lMmy sMGrsL df pqf idMdIaF hn ijhVf Dfrimk Gyry aMdr nf afAux kfrn hux qwk kfPI hwd qwk axgOilaf irhf hY. jy kdy sfzy siBafcfr ivc afpxy ivrsy nMU shI sMdrB ivc dyKx, mfx dyx qy sFBx dI p®Qf huMdI qF asIN bz iZwloN aqy krqfr iZwloN dy sMGrsLmeI jIvn qoN hux qwk ies kdr byKbr nf rihMdy. mYnMU ies gwl df mfx hY ik krqfr iZwloN ny mYnUM afpxIaF rcnfvF anuvfd krn dI afigaf idwqI. mYN ies anuvfd dy bhuq vDIaf hox df koeI dfavf nhIN krdf pr eynf jLrUr kihxf cfhuMdf hF ik ieh anuvfd kridaF mYN byhwd KusLI mihsUs kIqI hY. ienHF dovF hI ivakqIaF dy jIvn bfry jfx ky mYnMU afpxy afp ivc iek ivsLysL vfDy df, iek amIrI df aihsfs hoieaf hY. mYnMU pUrI afs hY ik pMjfbI pfTk vI anuvfd dIaF kmIaF dy bfvjUd ies ilKq nMU pVHn nfl Ausy iksm dI KusLI mihsUs krngy jo mYN kIqI hY.
krqfr iZwloN afpxI dohqI aYirkf nfl XUnIvirstI afP ibRitsL kolMbIaf ivwc hoeI sfihqk kfnPrMs dI irport 26, 27 apRYl, 2008 (XUnIvirstI afP ibRitsL kolMbIaf, vYnkUvr): XUnIvirstI afP ibRitsL kolMbIaf ivwc 26 qy 27 apRYl nUM iek sfihqk kfnPrMs df afXojn kIqf igaf ijs df muwK ivsLf afDuink pMjfbI sfihq sI. XUnIvirstI vloN ieh pihlI koisLsL sI ik afDuink pMjfbI sfihq nUM aMgRyjLI bolx vfly sroiqaF awgy pysL kIqf jfvy. ieh kfnPrMs sYNtr Pfr ieMizaf qy sfAUQ eysLIan rIsrc, eysLIan stwzIjL ivBfg, mfnv-ivigafn ivBfg aqy aMgRyjLI ivBfg vloN spFsr kIqI geI sI. ies kfnPrMs dI KUbI ieh rhI ik ieh kfnPrMs pMjfbI lyKk sfDU ibinMg nUM smripq kIqI geI jo do dhfky XUnIvirstI ivwc pMjfbI df aiDafpn krdy rhy qy hux rItfier hor rhy hn. 26 apRYl nUM svyry sfZy nON vjy pihlf prcf hOPsr XUnIvirstI dI zf: sbInf sfhnI ny piVHaf ijs ivwc AuhnF XUnIvirstIaF ivwc Gwt igxqI kimAUintIaF dy rol dI puxCfx kIqI. dUjf prcf sRI sfDU ibinMg df sI - AuhnF kYnyzf ivwc pMjfbI sfihq dy sO vrHy dy ieiqhfs nUM sMjIv rUp ivwc pysL kIqf. AuhnF df kihxf sI ik pMjfbI sfihq pRgqsLIl rUp ivwc gdr lihr qoN pRBfivq irhf hY. AuhnF dwisaf ik ies vyly kYnyzf ivwc do sO qoN vDIk pMjfbI lyKk hn aqy iehnF dIaF 450 qoN vwD pusqkF Cwp cuwkIaF hn. zf: aMimRqjIq isMG, EhIE XUnIvirstI, ny ‘awj qoN afrMB qwk’ df ivsLf lY ky gurcrn rfmpurI qy sfDU ibinMg dI kivqf ivwc pRgqIvfdI rucIaF nUM pIVHI dr pIVHI awgy vDidaF drsfieaf. sLfm dy sYsLn ivwc pMjfbI XUnIvirstI cMzIgVH qoN afey zf: rfxf neIar ny zf: rGubIr ZMz dIaF khfxIaF ivwc ‘iKlrn’ dy ibrqFq dI insLfndyhI kIqI. AuhnF ‘zfiesporf’ dI QF ‘izsprsl’ sLbd dI vrqoN nUM Xog Tihrfieaf. XUnIvirstI afP imsLIgn qoN sRI hrjIq gryvfl ny mMto dI khfxI ‘toBf tyk isMG’ jrnYl isMG dI khfxI ‘do tfpU’ aqy sfDU ibinMg dI khfxI ‘brP df gIq’ nUM lY ky ‘AujVn’ dI pRikiraf nUM sfhmxy ilaFdf. zf: afqmjIq isMG, XUnIvirstI kYlyPornIaf ny zf: gurUmyl iswDU dI kivqf AuWqy pypr pVHidaF 1984 dIaF GtnfvF `qy afDfrq kivqf-sMgRih ‘surKIaF’ bfry itwpxI kridaF ikhf ik iehnF ivwc drd df pRgtf hY. ies qoN ipwCoN XUnIvirstI dy ividafrQIaF ny qkrIbn iek GMty dy rMgf-rMg pRogrfm ivwc sfDU ibinMg dI rItfiermYNt bfry bhuq hI idlcsp sikwt pysL kIqy qy sfDU ibinMg pRiq afpxy siqkfr df iejLhfr kIqf. 27 apRYl nUM zf: rfxf neIar ny pRiswD nfvlkfr guridafl isMG dy nfvl ‘prsf’ AuWqy afpxf pypr pVHidaF ies nUM ‘klcrl ihstrI’ krfr idwqf. AuhnF df kihxf sI ik pRo: syKoN vrgy aflockF ny guridafl isMG nUM njLraMdfj krn dI koisLsL kIqI. AuhnF df kihxf sI ik guridafl isMG grIb aqy hfsLIey vwl Dwky lokF df nfvlkfr hY. XUnIvirstI afP ibRitsL kolMbIaf dI asosIeyt pRoPYsr zf: aYn mrPI ny guwgf pIr dy afDfr AuWqy sFsikRqk isafsq bfry gwl kIqI qy AuhnF BfeI vIr isMG dI ‘suMdrI’, nIlm mfn isMG qy crndfs iswDU dy nftkF df vI ijLkr kIqf. sLfm dy sYsLn ivwc lyhfeI XUnIvirstI dy zf: amrdIp isMG ny “sYkUlr iswK lyKkF’ AuWqy afpxf prcf piVHaf. AuhnF krqfr isMG duwgl aqy ajIq kOr df vfr vfr ijLkr kIqf. ies qoN ipwCoN bhuq hI idlcsp vfrqflfp sunx nUM imilaf jdoN XUnIvirstI `c pMjfbI pVHdIaF cfr ividafrQxF ny pMjfbI BfsLf bfry afpxy ivcfr dwsy. AuhnF df kihxf sI ik dUjI pIVHI dI muwK BfsLf aMgryjLI hY pr dUjI BfsLf vjoN pMjfbI pVHn smyN vwK vwK iksm dIaF aOkVF pysL afAuNdIaF hn. Aucfrx dI smwisaf, sLbd-joVF dI smwisaf, AupBfKfvF dy sLbd afid. ieh ividafrQxF sn - jYsmIn iQMd, pRIqI jgpfl, hrkMvl rfey aqy anurfj iswDU. ies kfnPrMs df ipClf Bfg pMjfbI bolI `c kIqf igaf. lyKkF dy pYnl ivwc zf: drsLn igwl, suKvMq huMdl, ajmyr rozy aqy sRImqI brijMdr iZwloN sn. zf: drsLn igwl ny knyzf dy pMjfbI lyKkF vloN pMjfbI sfihq ivwc pfey Xogdfn nUM vzmuwlf dwisaf. AuhnF igafnI kysr isMG, sfDU isMG DfmI afid bjLurg lyKkF dI Gflxf nUM slfm khI qy gdr lihr dy sfihq nUM pRgqIvfdI sfihq df rfh-idsyrf drsfieaf. suKvMq huMdl ny kYnyzf ivwc pMjfbI sfihq nUM pMjfbI kYnyzIan aqy kYnyzIan sMsQFvF aqy adfiraF vloN imldy jF nf imldy smrQn bfry gwl kIqI. AuhnF iehnF gwlF bfry vI sMkyq kIqf ik kYnyzf dy adfry aqy sMsQFvF pMjfbI sfihq nUM pRPuwlq krn ivwc iks qrHF df rol inBf skdy hn. ajmyr rozy ny ikhf ik jo suivDfvF pMjfbI lyKkF nMU imlxIaF cfhIdIaF hn, Auh AuplbD nhIN hn. sRImqI iZwloN ny GrF `c pMjfbI boly jfx dI vkflq kIqI. sLfmI 6 vjy kvI drbfr df afXojn kIqf igaf ijs df sMcfln sfDU ibinMg ny kIqf. ijs ivwc ndIm prmfr, zf: drsLn igwl, igwl morFvflI, mohx igwl, brijMdr iZwloN, hrjIq dODrIaf, ajmyr rozy, gurcrn twlyvflIaf afid ny ihwsf ilaf. ies kfnPrMs ivc knyzf qy amrIkf dIaF XUnIvirstIaF qoN ielfvf XUnIvirstI afP ibRitsL kolMbIaf dy ivdvfnF, vYnkUvr qoN zf: pUrn isMG, pRIqm isMG aOlK, zf: hrjoq Aubrfey, pMjfbI nfvlkfr jrnYl isMG syKf, nOjvfn khfxIkfr hrpRIq syKf, klonf qoN pRoPYsr prmjIq igwl, sLRImqI jgdIsL ibinMg, pfl ibinMg, js ibinMg, plI dy pRDfn blvMq sMGyVf, cYnl aYWm dy idlbr kMg, imstr kml isMG nIl aqy aYzmMtn qoN sImf iZwloN vI sLfiml hoey. ies gMBIr kfnPrMs dI sPlqf df ishrf zf: aYn mrPI dy isr irhf ijhnF ies dI kfmXfbI leI isrqoV Xqn kIqy. ryzIE ieMzIaf qy AuhnF host gurpRIq isMG nfl pMjfbI `c ieMtrvIAU dy ky pMjfbI lokF dy mn ijwq ley. ryzIE aYWP[ aYWm[ dy sInIar host hrijMdr iQMd ny vI kfnPrMs dI BrpUr crcf kIqI. - drsLn igwl
1. kfnPrMs dy pihly idn dI iekwqrqf
2. ividafrQIaF dI pYnl
3. bfhroN afey skflr
1. sQfnk pMjfbI lyKkF dI pYnl pMjfbI nMU knyzf dI bolI mMinaf jfvy’ -hrpRIq syKf
(qsvIr ivc KwibEN swjy: blvMq sMGyVf, sfDU ibinMg, rGbIr isMG isrjxf, aYn mrPI, jy pI sLysn)
ieh mqf pMjfbI lYNgUeyj aYjUkysLn asosIeysLn(plI) vwloN mnfey gey CyvyN aMqrrfsLtrI mF-bolI idn `qy 24 PrvrI idn aYqvfr nMU srI dy hvylI rYstorYNt ivwc qfVIaF dI gMUj nfl pfs kIqf igaf.
BrvIN igxqI ivwc phuMcy lokF nMU plI dy pRDfn blvMq sMGyVf ny jIa afieaF afK ky smfgm dI sLurUafq kIqI. aqy mMc sMcfln dI ijMmyvfrI rimMdrjIq DfmI nMU sONp idwqI.
plI mYNbr amn qwgV vwloN pMjfb ivwc pMjfbI dI dsLf bfry iqafr kIqI vIzIE ies mOky idKfeI geI. ies vIzIE rfhIN pMjfb srkfr vwloN aMgRyjLI ivwc Byjy jFdy swdf pwqr, ividak adfiraF dy borz, sVkF AuWpr lwgy idsLf inrdysL borz aqy iesLiqhfrbfjI leI aMgRyjLI dI KuwlH ky kIqI jFdI vrqoN idKfeI geI.
pihly sYsLn dy sLurU ivc ibRitsL kolMbIaf XUnIvristI ivwc pMjfbI aiDafpk sfDU ibinMg ny afpxy lyK ‘knyzf ivwc pMjfbI bolI dy 110 vrHy’ rfhIN qwQF `qy aDfrq knyzf ivwc pMjfbI bolI dy ivkfs AuWpr cfnxf pfieaf. AunHF dwisaf ik 1910 ivwc vYnkUvr qoN pMjfbI df pihlf aKLbfr ‘sudysL syvk’ gurmuKI ilpI ivwc sLurU kIqf igaf. ies qoN do sfl bfad ivktorIaf qoN sMsfr nF df aKbfr kwiZaf igaf. AunHF idnF `c knyzf afey keI pihlF anpVH pMjfbIaF ny ieh aKbfr pVHn Kfiqr hI pMjfbI pVHnI-ilKxI iswKI. AunHF awgy dwisaf ik 1970 ivaF ivwc pMjfbIaF dy vwzI igxqI ivwc knyzf phuMcx nfl knyzf ivwc pMjfbI bolI df qyjLI nfl ivkfs hoieaf. XU bI sI ivwc 1987 nUM cyar sQfpq hox nfl aqy 1994 ivwc pMjfbI bolI nMU bI sI dy ividaf mihkmy vloN dUjI BfsLf dy qOr `qy skUlF ivwc pVfAuxf lfgU krn nfl ivkfs ivwc hor vI qyjLI afeI.
ies idn Br dy pROgrfm dy dUjy sYsLn ivc pMjfbI vpfrk BfeIcfry vloN pMjfbI bolI dy ivkfs ivc inBfeI jFdI BUimkf bfry iewk pYnl izsksLn hoeI. ies ihwsy df sMcfln suKvMq huMdl ny kIqf. ies ivcfr-vtFdry ivwc pMjfbI vpfrI BfeIcfry dIaF kuJ AuWGIaF sKsLIaqF amirMdr isMG bbr, ey klfs afto bOzI qoN amrjIq isMG smrf, PrUtIkynf qoN tonI isMG, aYmrItYk kMmipAUtr qoN aimRqpfl isMG igwl aqy vkIl punIq kOr sMDr sLfml sn. ies ivcfr-vtFdry ivwc AuWBr ky afieaf ik vpfrk BfeIcfrf jo pihlF hI pMjfbI bolI dy ivkfs ivc kfPI vwzf Xogdfn pf irhf hY ies kMm nUM hor vI vDIaf qrIky nfl kr skdf hY. pYnl `qy sLfml sfry ies ivcfr nfl sihmq sn ik pMjfbI bolI dI sFB sMBfl aqy ies dI shI vrqoN nUM gMBIrqf nfl lYxf cfhIdf hY.
qIjy sYsLn ivc AuWGy alock zf[ rGbIr isMG isrjxf, ibRitsL kolMbIaf XUnIvristI qoN zf[ aYn mrPI aqy jy pI sLysn ny Bfg ilaf. ies sYsLn df sMcfln sfDU ibinMg ny kIqf. zf[ mrPI aqy jy pI sLysn ny afpxy ivcfr pMjfbI ivwc pysL kIqy. BfvyN ies ivcfr-vtFdry df ivsLf ‘ivsLv pwDr AuWqy pMjfbI bolI df sQfn aqy cuxOqIaF’ sI pr iesy ivsLy AuWpr isLwdq nfl ivcfr gosLtI nf ho skI. zf[ rGbIr isMG ny ikhf ik pMjfbI bolI nMU kdy vI rfjsI srprsqI nhIN imlI aqy mMdBfgI gwl ieh hY ik pMjfbI lok afpxI bolI AuWpr mfx nhIN krdy pr ies dy bfvjUd ipCly kuJ dhfikaF ivc bhuq kuJ sfriQk vI hoieaf hY. zf[ aYn mrPI ny ikhf ik Aus df hyj pMjfbI nfl ies kr ky hY ik Aus nUM afpxy afiersL ipCokV aqy pMjfbI siBafcfr ivwc bhuq smfnqfvF lwgdIaF hn. AunHF Bfvuk ho ky ikhf ik Auh nhIN cfhuMdy ik pMjfbI bolI df hfl vI Aus dI mfq BfsLf gyilk vflf hI hovy. AunHF ikhf ik Auh afpxI vloN pMjfbI bolI dy ivkfs leI XqnsLIl rhygI. jy pI sLysn ny ikhf ik pMjfbI jLubfn ivc Aus dI idlcspI df muwK kfrn ies bolI dI pRfcInqf hY. AunHF ikhf ik ijs iKwqy `coN ies bolI ny jnm ilaf hY AuWQy dunIaF dy sB qoN purfxy sfihq irg vyd dI rcnf hoeI hY.
ienHF iqMnF hI sYsLnF ivc hor vI bhuq sfry lokF ny vI ivcfr-vtFdry ivwc ihwsf ilaf. srI dI aiDafpkf gurpRIq bYNs ny skUlF ivwc pMjfbI mtIrIal dI Gft bfry jfxkfrI idwqI. pfiksqfnI pMjfbI BfeIcfry nfl sbMDq zf[ sYPL ny knyzf ivwc pMjfbI dy ivkfs ivwc afpxy BfeIcfry vwloN kdm nfl kdm imlf ky cwlx df Brosf idvfieaf. ieiqhfskfr sohx isMG pMUnI ny dwisaf ik knyzf ivwc pMjfbI dI pihlI ikqfb munsLf isMG duKI vloN 1913 ivwc CfpI geI sI. ryzIE sLyry pMjfb dy host gurivMdr isMG DflIvfl ny ikhf ik awj vpfrI swjxF nMU afied krnf cfhIdf hY ik afpxy ibjins kfrz dy iewk pfsy pMjfbI ilKvfAux qy dUjy pfsy aMgRyjLI. bI sI lYijslycr dy pMjfbI mYNbrF rfj cOhfn, hYrI bYNs, jgrUp brfV aqy dyv hyar ny vI afpxI hfjLrI lvfeI aqy aYm pI pYnI pirzI vI kuJ dyr leI sLfml hoey. CotIaF bwcIaF hrlIn aqy gurlIn DfmI ny pMjfbI kivqf suxfeI. ibwlf qwKr aqy Aus dy sfQIaF ny sfrMgI nfl kvIsLrI pysL kIqI. bwcy sfjn isMG mfn ny gIq ‘dyiKE pMjfbIE, pMjfbI nf Bulf idE’ gfieaf. sfjF AuWpr Aus df sfQ Aus dy ipqf krmjIq isMG mfn ny idwqf.
plI dy pRDfn blvMq isMG sMGyVf ny hfjLrIn aqy pMjfbI mIzIey df ivsLysL qOr `qy DMnvfd kIqf. AunHF plI dy vlMtIarF pfl ibinMg, suKI bYNs, rijMdr isMG pMDyr, hrpRIq syKf aqy hor mYNbrF df DMnvfd kIqf.
aMq ivc plI dy AuWp-pRDfn sfDU ibinMg ny mqf pysL kIqf ik pMjfbI bolI nUM knyzf dI bolI vjoN mfnqf idwqI jfvy. hfjLr lokF ny jLordfr qfVIaF mfr ky ies mqy nfl sihmqI pRgtfeI.
sfl 2008 dy aMqrrfsLtrI mF-bolI idn `qy sfDU ibinMg ipCly sflF dI qrHF ies vrHy vI plI (pMjfbI lYNgUeyj aYjUkysLn aYsosIeyÈn) vwloN 24 PrvrI vfly idn aMqrrfsLtrI mF-bolI idn mMnfieaf jfvygf. dunIaF Br ivc mMnfey jFdy ies idn dI sLurUafq 1999 ivc hoeI jdoN bMglfdysL vloN pysL kIqy rYjLUlysLn dy nqIjy vjoN XunYsko ny PYslf kIqf ik hr vrHy 21 PrvrI df idn mF-bolI idn hovygf. ies idn 1952 ivwc, bMglfdysL, jo Aus vyly pUrbI pfiksqfn sI, ivwc afpxI BfsLf dI pihcfx leI jdojihd kr rhy nOjvfnF ny afpxy jIvn dIaF kurbfnIaF idwqIaF sn. hux ieh idn dunIaF Br ivc mF-bolI dy idn vjoN mMnfieaf jFdf hY.
plI vloN aMqrrfsLtrI mF-bolI idn df ieh CyvF slfnf smfgm hovygf. ies smyN sfzI kosLsL huMdI hY ik pMjfbI bolI nUM drpysL phfVF ijwzIaF smwisafvF dy bfvjUd kuJ hF-pwKI ivcfr kIqy jfx. pMjfbIaF vloN vwzI pwDr `qy jIvn ivc kfmXfb hox dI kudrqI KfihsL ivc afpxI mF-bolI nUM Cwz ky dUjIaF bolIaF nUM apnfAux nfl pYdf hoeIaF smwisafvF qoN bhuq lok jfxU vI hn aqy iPkrmMd vI. Bfrq, pfiksqfn aqy bfhr vsx vfly sUJvfn pMjfbI afpxI ijLMmyvfrI nUM pihcfxdy hoey aksr ienHF msilaF nUM ivcfrdy aqy ilKdy rihMdy hn. pr bhuqI vfrI, bhuqf iDafn smwisafvF dI insLfndyhI vwl hI kyNdirq kIqf jFdf hY aqy smwisafvF eynIaF ijLafdf aqy gMBIr hn ik pVHn suxn vflf sgoN hor inrfsL ho jFdf hY.
plI ivc srgrm ivakqIaF nUM ies gwl df koeI BulyKf nhIN hY ik asIN iekwly hI pMjfbI sbMDI hr msly nUM smJdy hF jF koeI bhuq vwzf kMm kr skdy hF. asIN ipCly pMdrF sflF qoN afpxI sUJ qy ihMmq dI sImf nUM iDafn ivc rwKidaF isrP AunHF hI kuJ msilaF vwl smF qy sLkqI lfeI hY ijs bfry sfzI smJ anusfr amlI qOr `qy kuJ kIqf krvfieaf jf skdf hY. sfzy sfhmxy do muwK insLfny hn. iek) pMjfbI bolI dI pVHfeI nUM iewQoN dy hr pwDr dy ividak adfiraf ivc pwky pYrIN sQfpq krfAuxf; dUjf) pMjfbI bolI nUM knyzf ivc iek knyzIan bolI dy qOr `qy mfnqf duafAuxI.
afpxy pihly insLfny nUM lY ky sfzI srgrmI dI sLurUafq 1993 ivc Aus smyN hoeI jdoN bI sI dy skUlF ivc pVHfeI leI nvIN BfsLf nIqI bxfeI jfx dI gwl cwl rhI sI. julfeI 1994 ivc ieh nvIN nIqI bxI ijs ivc pMjfbI nUM vI dUjIaF bolIaF dy brfbr skUlF ivc pVHfey jfx df drjf idwqf igaf. asIN AudoN qoN hI bI sI dy aqy Kfs kr vYnkUvr dy afs pfs dy pbilk skUlF ivc nvIN nIqI anusfr pMjfbI dI pVHfeI lfgU krvfAux dy Xqn kr rhy hF. hor vI bhuq sfry lokF ny afpo afpxI QF ies sbMDI kosLsLF kIqIaF hn aqy kr rhy hn. nqIjy vjoN kuJ pRfpqIaF hoeIaF hn pr ijMnI sBfvnf sI jF hY Aus nfloN ikqy Gwt. ies, nIqI anusfr skUlF ivc pMjfbI dI pVHfeI lfgU krfAux aqy cldI rwKx dy, sDfrn idsdy kMm ivc anykF vwKrIaF vwKrIaF aVcnF af rhIaF hn.
skUlF ivc pVHfeI lfgU krfAux ivc afAuNdIaF smwisafvF ivwcoN iek vwzI smwisaf pMjfbI mfipaF, ividafrQIaF aqy iek qrHF smuwcy BfeIcfry nUM ies gwl leI rfjI krnf hY ik pMjfbI pVHnI, Kfs kr skUl dI pwDr `qy, AunHF leI keI pwKF qoN lfhyvMd hY. drasl ieh smwisaf hI aslI jVH hY. hux sMcfr qy avfjfeI ivc afey ienklfb krky pMjfb nfl sfzI pl pl dI sFJ hY. ijwQy ies dy anykF vwzmuwly Pfiedy hn AuWQy ieh gwl vI hY ik ijs iksm df rvweIaF bhuigxqI pMjfbIaF df pMjfb ivc hY, Kfs kr sLihrF aqy AuWprlIaF jmfqF ivc, Aus df iswDf asr knyzf dy pMjfbIaF AuWpr vI inwq pYNdf hY. ies nfl AunHF nUM eyQy pMjfbI dI loV vl ruicq krnf AunF hI aOKf ho jFdf hY. so sfzI jfcy muwZlf mslf pMjfbI bolI dI knyzf ivc aihmIaq bfry afm pMjfbI dI cyqnf nUM AuBfrn df hY. iesy mksd leI plI vloN hor srgrmIaF dy nfl nfl hr vrHy aMqrrfsLtrI mF-bolI idn `qy gMBIr ivcfr vtFdry df pRbMD kIqf jFdf hY.
ipCly virHaF dy smfgmF ivc asIN pMjfbI aiDafpkF, ividafrQIaF, ividak adfiraF dy pRbMDkF, pMjfbI mIzIey dy lokF aqy isafsI nyqfvF nUM ivcfr vtFdry leI swdf idwqf hY. iesy hI lVI ivc ies sfl asIN pMjfbI BfeIcfry ivcoN kuJ sUJvfn qy sMvydnsLIl vpfrI lokF nUM iek pYnl ivc ivcfr krn df swdf dy rhy hF. ies vrHy dI pMjfbI vpfrIaF dI pYnl dI mhwqqf bfry kuJ gwlF ivsQfr ivc krn dI loV hY.
ies bfry do rfvF nhIN ho skdIaF ik knyzf ivc pMjfbI bolI dy ivkfs ivc mukfblqn qOr `qy sB qoN vwzf Xogdfn pMjfbI BfeIcfry dy vpfrF vloN hI pfieaf jf irhf hY. knyzf ivc pMjfbI bolI lokF qwk aKbfrF, ryzIE aqy tYlIivXn rfhIN phuMcdI hY. ienHF sBnF nUM sMBv bxfAux vflI sLkqI pMjfbI vpfr hn jo afpxy kfrobfr dI jfxkfrI lokF qwk ienHF mfiDamF rfhIN phuMcfAuNdy hn. iewQy ieh gwl mMnx ivc vI koeI ieqrfj nhIN hoxf cfhIdf ik pMjfbI vpfrF df insLfnf knyzf ivc pMjfbI bolI df ivkfs nhIN sgoN afpxy vpfrF df vfDf hY. ies mksd leI Auh pMjfbI lokF qwk phuMc leI bolI dI vrqoN krdy hn aqy loV anusfr aMgRyjLI jF ihMdI vI vrq lYNdy hn. pr ikAuNik knyzf ivc aqy Kfs kr vYnkUvr dy afly duafly pMjfbIaF dI bhuq vwzI vsoN hY ies leI pMjfbI bolI dI ies vyly vrqoN kfPI vwzI pwDr `qy ho rhI hY. nqIjy vjoN pMjfbI vpfrI BfeIcfrf pMjfbI bolI dy ivkfs ivc bhuq vwzf Xogdfn pf irhf hY. pr asIN mihsUs krdy hF ik pMjfbI vpfrI BfeIcfrf pMjfbI bolI dI knyzf ivc sFB sMBfl, ivkfs aqy aglIaF pIVHIaF nUM pMjfbI nfl pwky qOr `qy joVn vfsqy hor vI vwD ihwsf pf skdf hY. ies pYnl rfhIN pMjfbI bolI dy ivkfs aqy pVHfeI sbMDI hor iswDy Xogdfn dIaF sMBfvnfvF nUM ivcfiraf jfvygf. Audfhrn vjoN, pMjfbI vpfrI BfeIcfrf knyzf ivwc pMjfbI bolI dy ivkfs aqy pVHfeI sbMDI afAuNdIaF hyT ilKIaF aqy aijhIaF hor smwisafvF ivwc afriQk sihXog dy ky mddgfr ho skdf hY:
• afm pMjfbIaF ivc pMjfbI pRqI cyqnf vDfAux leI mltImIzIaf pRomosLnl mYtIrIal iqafr krvfAuxf; • skUlF ivc pMjfbI pVHfAux leI Xog ikqfbF qy kMipAUtr dy sfPtyvr iqafr krvfAuxy; • skUlF, kfljF aqy XUnIvristIaF ivc pMjfbI pVH rhy ividafrQIaF nUM ienfmF,vjLIiPaF afid rfhIN mfiek shfieqf dy ky pMjfbI dI awgoN hor pVHfeI leI Auqsfihq krnf; • knyzf ivwc pMjfbI dI AuWc pwDrI pVHfeI - bI ey, aYm ey aqy pI aYc zI - dIaF izgrIaF cflU krvfAux leI ividak adfiraf nUM loVINdf afriQk sihXog dyx df Brosf idvfAuxf. • ilKqI vpfirk iesLiqhfrF ivc ZuwkvyN pMjfbI sLbd aqy pMjfbI sLbd joVF vwl iDafn dyx nfl aqy vwD qoN vwD dukfnF dy nFa aqy jfxkfrI pMjfbI ivc ilKx nfl.
ieh AuWpr idwqIaF kuJ AudfhrnF hn, bolI nfl sbMDq ieho ijhy hor vI bhuq sfry pihlU hn ijnHF ivc pMjfbI vpfrI BfeIcfrf iswDy qOr `qy afpxf Xogdfn pf skdf hY. ieWQy ieh svfl AuTfAuxf qy ivcfrnf vI kuQfvF nhIN ik pMjfbI BfeIcfrf ieh sB kuJ ikAuN kry? ieh bhuq mhwqvpUrn svfl hY ijs `qy ivcfr krnf jLrUrI hY. asIN sfry BlIBFq jfxdy hF ik eyQy bolIaF jFdIaF bhuq sfrIaF hor bolIaF, ijvyN cInI, jfpfnI afid qoN Ault, pMjfbI bolI dI iPkr krn vflI koeI styt sLkqI nhIN hY. knyzf dI srkfr ny ajy qwk pMjfbI bolI nUM knyzf dI iek bolI vjoN mfnqf nhIN idwqI. ies krky knyzf ivc pMjfbI bolI dI sFB sMBfl leI knyzf dI styt afpxy afp nUM ijLMmyvfr nhIN smJdI. pfiksqfn ivc, ijwQoN dI kuwl afbfdI ivc 63% qoN AuWpr pMjfbI bolx vfly lok hn, pMjfbI nUM iek aDuink bolI vjoN hI mfnqf nhIN idwqI jf rhI. so AunHF koloN pMjfbI bolI df iPkr krn dI koeI afs nhIN rwKI jf skdI. BfrqI pMjfb ivc pMjfbI srkfrI bolI qF hY pr srkfr ies nUM pRPulq krn vl loVINdf iDafn dyx leI iqafr nhIN. knyzf ivc pMjfbI bolI sbMDI iksy iksm dy sihXog dI AunHF koloN afs rwKxI glq hovygI. so pMjfbI bolI afpxIaF loVF leI iks awgy hwQ awzy? asIN smJdy hF ik knyzf vsdy pMjfbI BfeIcfry dy vpfr styt dI axhoNd nUM pUrf kr skdy hn. pr ieho ijhI koeI sLkqI, dlIl, sMsQf jF ivakqI nhIN hY jo pMjfbI vpfrIaF nUM ies gwl leI mjbUr kr sky. so ieh gwl AunHF dy afpxy ivcfrn dI hY ik Auh afpxI mF-bolI nUM knyzf ivc pwky qOr `qy sQfpq krn ivc kI Xogdfn pfAuxf cfhuMdy hn.
asIN afs krdy hF ik pMjfbI BfeIcfry dy vpfrI vIr ienHF msilaF vl iDafn dyxgy. plI dI 24 PrvrI vfly idn dI pYnl `qy vI AumId hY ik ieh gwlF ivcfrIaF jfxgIaF. pr sfzI ieh afs hY ik knyzf dy vwK vwK ihwisaF ivc pMjfbI vpfrIaF dIaF afpxIaF jQybMdIaF ivc vI ieh msly AunHF dy eyjMizaF df ihwsf bxngy.
plI (pMjfbI lYNgUeyj aYjUkysLn aYsosIeyÈn) vwloN aYqvfr 24 PrvrI vfly idn srI dy hvylI rYstorYNt ivc (8220-120) ivc svyry ds qoN pMj vjy qwk aMqrrfsLtrI mF-bolI idn `qy smfgm ho irhf hY. ies ivc pMjfbI vpfrI BfeIcfry dIaF jfxIaF jFdIaF sLKsIaqF dI iek pYnl pMjfbI bolI nfl sbµiDq msilaF bfry ivcfr vtFdrf krygI. ies qoN ielfvf hor sUJvfn lok vI pMjfbI bolI nfl sbMDq msilaF bfry afpxy ivcfr rwKxgy.
sfDU ibinMg pMjfbI lyKk hn aqy XU bI sI ivwc pMjfbI pVHfAuNdy hn. sadhu.binning@gmail.com |
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